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Signatures of Majorana protection in a three-site Kitaev chain
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abstract
Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are non-Abelian excitations predicted to emerge at the edges of topological superconductors. One proposal for realizing a topological superconductor in one dimension involves a chain of spinless fermions, coupled through $p$-wave superconducting pairing and electron hopping. This concept is also known as the Kitaev chain. A minimal two-site Kitaev chain has recently been experimentally realized using quantum dots (QDs) coupled through a superconductor. In such a minimal chain, MZMs are quadratically protected against global perturbations of the QD electrochemical potentials. However, they are not protected from perturbations of the inter-QD couplings. In this work, we demonstrate that extending the chain to three sites offers greater protection than the two-site configuration. The enhanced protection is evidenced by the stability of the zero-energy modes, which is robust against variations in both the coupling amplitudes and the electrochemical potential variations in the constituent QDs. While our device offers all the desired control of the couplings it does not allow for superconducting phase control. Our experimental observations are in good agreement with numerical simulated conductances with phase averaging. Our work pioneers the development of longer Kitaev chains, a milestone towards topological protection in QD-based chains.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Current cross-correlations as probes for poor man's Majorana states
Cross-correlation noise remains stable under outer-dot detuning only for true poor-man's Majorana sweet spots, distinguishing them from false ones where conductance fails.
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Spin-Exchange Induced Spillover on Poor Man's Majoranas in Minimal Kitaev Chains
Exchange coupling of a quantum spin to a Poor Man's Majorana dot yields 2S+1 side-peaks for fermionic spins and 2S+2 for bosonic spins in the conductance spectrum, enabling spin-statistics detection.
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Measurement of parity-dependent energy-phase relation of the low-energy states in a potential artificial Kitaev chain utilizing a transmon qubit
A transmon qubit integrated with a four-site superconductor-quantum dot chain measures the chain's parity-dependent energy-phase relation, revealing two types of 0-pi transitions and gate-tunable inter-dot couplings.
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Modular Autonomous Virtualization System for Two-Dimensional Semiconductor Quantum Dot Arrays
MAViS autonomously builds a five-layer stack of virtual plunger and barrier gates for a ten-dot Ge/SiGe array, keeping charge states fixed while tuning couplings.
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Quantifying Non-Abelian Stability in Majorana Qubits through Rabi Beating Signatures
A quantum dot coupled to a Majorana qubit shows Rabi beating whose frequency encodes the qubit's non-ideal couplings, offering a quantitative stability probe.
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Two-site Kitaev sweet spots evolving into topological islands
In longer Kitaev chains, the two-site Majorana sweet spot grows into a disorder-robust zero-energy region, a 'topological island', detectable via conductance through a side-coupled quantum dot.
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