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What can we learn from global spin alignment of $\phi$ meson in heavy-ion collisions?
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abstract
We propose that a significant positive deviation from 1/3 for the spin density matrix element $\rho_{00}$ of the $\phi$ meson may indicate the existence of a mean field of the $\phi$ meson generated in heavy-ion collisions. This explains why STAR preliminary data for the $\phi$ meson's $\rho_{00}$ are much larger than 1/3 while the data of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ polarization seem not to allow such a significant and positive deviation. The contribution may be from the polarization of the strange quark and antiquark through the $\phi$ field, an effective mode of the gluon field in strong interaction. We show that $\rho_{00}$ for the $\phi$ meson is a good analyzer for fields even if they may strongly fluctuate in space-time.
Forward citations
Cited by 13 Pith papers
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Tensor spin polarization induced by curved freeze-out hypersurface
The curvature of the freeze-out hypersurface induces a tensor spin polarization of vector mesons at leading gradient order, with predicted phi-meson spin alignment around -10^-4 to -10^-3.
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Shear-induced spin polarization leaves the momentum-integrated entropy production rate unchanged in chiral kinetic theory, but Zubarev's linear response suggests a dissipative origin.
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Gluon polarization contribution to the spin alignment of vector mesons from holography
A soft-wall holographic QCD model with a rotation-dependent gluon field predicts that rotation enhances the spin alignment of phi and rho mesons at high pT while J/psi stays nearly unaffected.
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Vector and Tensor Spin Polarization for Vector Bosons at Local Equilibrium
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Spin alignment of vector mesons in local equilibrium by Zubarev's approach
The spin alignment rho00-1/3 vanishes at first order in gradients in local equilibrium, with nonzero contributions first appearing at second order, in a pseudo-gauge dependent way.
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Transverse and longitudinal spin alignment from color fields in heavy ion collisions
Spin alignment of phi mesons along the beam direction is predicted to exceed 1/3 for glasma fields and to show a sign-changing rapidity pattern for isotropic QGP color fields, offering a discriminating observable.
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Exploring Data-Driven Corrections for $\phi$-Meson Global Spin Alignment Measurements
A data-driven correction built from combinatorial kaon pairs inside the phi mass window is tested with toy Monte Carlo, showing partial success and clear shortcomings.
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Polarization of the $\phi$ meson in the hadronic phase with nucleon scatterings and a viscous hydrodynamic background
Kaon and nucleon rescattering plus viscous corrections in a Fluidum hydrodynamic background yield phi spin alignment consistent with zero, in disagreement with STAR data.
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Impact of Tracking Resolutions on $\phi$-Meson Spin Alignment Measurement
Track angular and momentum resolutions shift the extracted phi-meson spin alignment parameter rho_00 by less than 0.0005 in STAR-like toy-model simulations, though the invariant-mass method's conversion formula is wrong.
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Polarization of an electron scattered by static potentials
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Experimental Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions: A Perspective
The chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions remains unconfirmed, with current data giving a 2.9-sigma hint in Au+Au and an upper limit near 10% in isobar collisions.
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Spin alignment of vector mesons in heavy-ion collision
A proceedings review in which the authors argue that strong-field fluctuations, not shear stress, explain the measured phi meson spin alignment in heavy-ion collisions.
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