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X-IL: Exploring the Design Space of Imitation Learning Policies

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arxiv 2502.12330 v2 pith:VYBHV6TX submitted 2025-02-17 cs.RO cs.LG

classification cs.ROcs.LG
keywords designlearningpolicyimitationpoliciesspaceframeworkx-il
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Designing modern imitation learning (IL) policies requires making numerous decisions, including the selection of feature encoding, architecture, policy representation, and more. As the field rapidly advances, the range of available options continues to grow, creating a vast and largely unexplored design space for IL policies. In this work, we present X-IL, an accessible open-source framework designed to systematically explore this design space. The framework's modular design enables seamless swapping of policy components, such as backbones (e.g., Transformer, Mamba, xLSTM) and policy optimization techniques (e.g., Score-matching, Flow-matching). This flexibility facilitates comprehensive experimentation and has led to the discovery of novel policy configurations that outperform existing methods on recent robot learning benchmarks. Our experiments demonstrate not only significant performance gains but also provide valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of various design choices. This study serves as both a practical reference for practitioners and a foundation for guiding future research in imitation learning.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. RayViT: Ray-Conditioned Visual Representations for Viewpoint-Robust Imitation Learning

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Conditioning a pretrained ViT on per-pixel Plücker camera rays — via a gated-cross-attention class token and patch-level ray embeddings — makes imitation-learned manipulation policies substantially more robust to came...

  2. Nautilus: From One Prompt to Plug-and-Play Robot Learning

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    NAUTILUS is a prompt-driven harness that automates plug-and-play adapters, typed contracts, and validation for policies, benchmarks, and robots in learning research.

  3. VPWEM: Non-Markovian Visuomotor Policy with Working and Episodic Memory

    cs.RO 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A transformer-based compressor that turns old observations into fixed-size memory tokens improves non-Markovian imitation-learning robot policies, with large gains on memory-intensive simulated tasks.

  4. ThinkJEPA: Empowering Latent World Models with Large Vision-Language Reasoning Model

    cs.CV 2026-03 conditional novelty 5.5 of 10

    Dual-temporal VLM guidance injected into a JEPA predictor via multi-layer pyramid features improves hand-manipulation trajectory forecasting over VLM-only and JEPA-only baselines.

  5. Expert Behavior Prior Reinforcement Learning

    cs.AI 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    An online RL method that learns a generative behavior prior from the replay buffer via a Q-guided CVAE and uses adaptive gradient correction to combine Q-guidance with expert-action supervision.

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