Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 47 of 47 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.16469.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.16469 v2

Coverage vector

measured 47 of 47 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.259824Z

measured 47 of 47 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

47 of 47 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy0
unresolved46
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d4344d3e-67a9-4f00-a9c0-20a6689b979e · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.691474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1c7178a9-9595-42c6-9ff6-a7169acea79a · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.758661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 335eec8b-c9d1-4691-a1e5-8b841fc03fc0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.331856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e127c64b-6a96-476b-b5bc-eefb242f83ce · outbound

This paper cites Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.837595Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d4319aff-5c69-42fb-b383-01d1b23bb811 · outbound

This paper cites Safety-Tuned LLaMAs: Lessons From Improving the Safety of Large Language Models that Follow Instructions.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Safety-Tuned LLaMAs: Lessons From Improving the Safety of Large Language Models that Follow Instructions

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.842372Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1799e1fd-0393-427c-aa82-fece3b1dfb3b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.317685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a9ed816e-4442-4261-82f5-e5506c5c44fb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.304056Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bd3c88fb-d1fe-43f6-8fe9-2e27db963428 · outbound

This paper cites On Tiny Episodic Memories in Continual Learning.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting On Tiny Episodic Memories in Continual Learning

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.856332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 76a44487-ac5e-4b6a-aa1a-63c51d71cef2 · outbound

This paper cites Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.861090Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 36d3db0a-c2f3-4152-a4b9-3cf4280f3be6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.291236Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ba83599e-6d60-4d51-94a7-92ce3f2252c4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.278375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 516b8b1d-4b2e-42e2-978d-c9bfdae2b473 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.264455Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4d71c9f4-abb4-4a52-8a87-e58a50611778 · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Investigation of Catastrophic Forgetting in Gradient-Based Neural Networks.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting An Empirical Investigation of Catastrophic Forgetting in Gradient-Based Neural Networks

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.880071Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ed62461c-8b27-42b0-94c9-08cf1559b351 · outbound

This paper cites ToxiGen: A Large-Scale Machine-Generated Dataset for Adversarial and Implicit Hate Speech Detection.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting ToxiGen: A Large-Scale Machine-Generated Dataset for Adversarial and Implicit Hate Speech Detection

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.884358Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 188d7026-24ce-4e3f-b7ec-c634925af994 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.888153Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5fd0207e-c4da-4f98-8fb8-0934c69c2fa2 · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Study of Metrics to Measure Representational Harms in Pre-Trained Language Models.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting An Empirical Study of Metrics to Measure Representational Harms in Pre-Trained Language Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.892957Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 877c1b2f-c7bc-4df4-9314-92fa79297327 · outbound

This paper cites Multitask Mayhem: Unveiling and Mitigating Safety Gaps in LLMs Fine-tuning.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Multitask Mayhem: Unveiling and Mitigating Safety Gaps in LLMs Fine-tuning

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.927504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7ba085ff-9dbc-401a-b506-82c08eafa626 · outbound

This paper cites Three Factors Influencing Minima in SGD.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Three Factors Influencing Minima in SGD

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:41.985370Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7ba3e258-cea9-4a69-8753-58adcc566c9f · outbound

This paper cites Hayes, and Christopher Kanan.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Hayes, and Christopher Kanan

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.018826Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 88b59ae8-e19d-4f62-ada8-aa3992059ea5 · outbound

This paper cites Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networks.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networks

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.026922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e194ab77-e546-4dd1-818c-3a19eac0594f · outbound

This paper cites Understanding Catastrophic Forgetting in Language Models via Implicit Inference.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Understanding Catastrophic Forgetting in Language Models via Implicit Inference

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.030714Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 86cf26ec-675b-46d1-a72f-691e5dc7c5b9 · outbound

This paper cites Examining Forgetting in Continual Pre-training of Aligned Large Language Models.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Examining Forgetting in Continual Pre-training of Aligned Large Language Models

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.035559Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 35a7bf54-17f5-4523-808e-39c2860ff1fc · outbound

This paper cites RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.040490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9f9c9e2f-9c0d-47b8-b461-1592fc30fb55 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.128347Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation faa55b10-cd70-41eb-8693-802b92238a84 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.048405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a1b3de20-8ae6-4f63-92f7-15a4b253dd01 · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.052477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25509ff1-7e7b-4ec2-aa78-f8d4a4d8989a · outbound

This paper cites Keeping LLMs Aligned After Fine-tuning: The Crucial Role of Prompt Templates.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Keeping LLMs Aligned After Fine-tuning: The Crucial Role of Prompt Templates

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.056784Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 02a53f61-c4f9-4ec0-9976-9a38d0c86a85 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.061263Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d5747b2c-a43a-48af-9beb-1e3edf238a76 · outbound

This paper cites Linear Mode Connectivity in Multitask and Continual Learning.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Linear Mode Connectivity in Multitask and Continual Learning

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.064815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 21c84cf0-904f-4a6c-9d65-5495f9693277 · outbound

This paper cites Understanding the Role of Training Regimes in Continual Learning.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Understanding the Role of Training Regimes in Continual Learning

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.069162Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 61f4bb20-10e4-4260-82cc-a276a90fcec4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.083628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 42b2effe-01aa-4ae6-be5c-b585056f80c3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.057603Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 081a95c5-7ce8-4e46-9670-e605dddce08d · outbound

This paper cites Fine-tuning Aligned Language Models Compromises Safety, Even When Users Do Not Intend To!.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Fine-tuning Aligned Language Models Compromises Safety, Even When Users Do Not Intend To!

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.177412Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 429e062d-91ab-4883-be01-6399c9cad75f · outbound

This paper cites Anatomy of Catastrophic Forgetting: Hidden Representations and Task Semantics.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Anatomy of Catastrophic Forgetting: Hidden Representations and Task Semantics

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.204289Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b4421639-f8a9-4f9a-8907-80238bae3ebe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.208947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1d97a170-088c-42b4-a18a-5ddb8018e6be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.032011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ab05f64e-c0a0-44c2-bb11-d4854764cae7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.019612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4e6f63f8-0cf4-4126-b641-d64a549c5b36 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.219912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3b514031-c577-487e-a357-87d8f5151110 · outbound

This paper cites "I'm sorry to hear that": Finding New Biases in Language Models with a Holistic Descriptor Dataset.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting "I'm sorry to hear that": Finding New Biases in Language Models with a Holistic Descriptor Dataset

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.224304Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bc9ee87b-f8b2-4938-a4c2-92524fd26f52 · outbound

This paper cites Mitigating Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing: Literature Review.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Mitigating Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing: Literature Review

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.229384Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d9cc75a8-2013-49ed-b4f8-0c4305282d94 · outbound

This paper cites CommonsenseQA: A Question Answering Challenge Targeting Commonsense Knowledge.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting CommonsenseQA: A Question Answering Challenge Targeting Commonsense Knowledge

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.232804Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aa7769e0-1d12-4abc-a209-32a984c43013 · outbound

This paper cites CommonsenseQA 2.0: Exposing the Limits of AI through Gamification.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting CommonsenseQA 2.0: Exposing the Limits of AI through Gamification

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.237420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 209c68af-6174-481f-af9f-3af135f5ba6c · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.241369Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 20fa3690-306f-46f5-867e-94c0b490212b · outbound

This paper cites SaFeRDialogues: Taking Feedback Gracefully after Conversational Safety Failures.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting SaFeRDialogues: Taking Feedback Gracefully after Conversational Safety Failures

Reference 45

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.405724Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ea251e88-82b3-4242-8180-08292b8a887f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:43.004565Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4f9143b6-74c0-44a5-bb92-3136c76b79f5 · outbound

This paper cites Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.256005Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ba9fa4ee-1dbf-40c0-bb07-8dba376079ea · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Chained Tuning Leads to Biased Forgetting Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:38:42.787104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.