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Quantum mechanics can find a needle in a haystack every time

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arxiv 2506.06435 v1 pith:X6I7B3AY submitted 2025-06-06 quant-ph

Quantum mechanics can find a needle in a haystack every time

classification quant-ph
keywords algorithmgroveranswerclassicaldeterministicelementseveryfinding
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Grover's algorithm is one of the pioneering demonstrations of the advantages of quantum computing over its classical counterpart, providing - at most - a quadratic speed-up over the classical solution for unstructured database search. The original formulation of Grover's algorithm is non-deterministic, finding the answer with a probability that varies with the size of the search space and the number of marked elements. A recent reformulation introduced a deterministic form of Grover's algorithm that - in principle - finds the answer with certainty. Here we realise the deterministic Grover's algorithm on a programmable photonic integrated circuit, finding that it not only outperforms the original Grover's algorithm as predicted, but is also markedly more robust against technological imperfections. We explore databases of 4 to 10 elements, with every choice of a single marked element, achieving an average success probability of $99.77 \pm 0.05\%$.

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Exact and Fixed-Point Grover Search with Qudits

    quant-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.5

    A hardware-oriented framework implements standard, deterministic, and fixed-point Grover search on homogeneous and heterogeneous qudit registers via explicit oracles, diffusion operators, and phase matching.