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The Imprint of Relativistic Particles on the Anisotropies of the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background

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arxiv 2007.01215 v1 pith:XHAXGECU submitted 2020-07-02 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph

classification astro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph
keywords backgroundgravitational-waveparticlesrelativisticsgwbuniverseanisotropiesearly
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background (SGWB) is expected to be a key observable for Gravitational-Wave (GW) interferometry. Its detection will open a new window on early Universe cosmology, on the astrophysics of compact objects and, as shown in this Letter, on the particle physics content of the Universe. In this Letter we show that, besides their effects on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and on Large Scale Structure (LSS), relativistic particles in the early Universe leave a clear imprint on the anisotropies of the SGWB. In particular we show that a change in the number of decoupled relativistic particles shifts the angular power spectrum of the SGWB, as both the Sachs-Wolfe (SW) and the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) terms are affected. Being very large-angle effects, these lead to new testable predictions for future GW interferometers.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Estimating the gravitational wave background anisotropy: a Bayesian approach boosted by cross-correlation angular power spectrum

    astro-ph.CO 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new likelihood function estimates GWB anisotropy angular power spectra directly from detector data, and cross-correlation with the CMB can make the quadrupole measurable with four years of LISA data.

  2. Oscillations and parity violation in gravitational wave background from extra tensor modes

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Linear mixing between metric and extra spin-2 tensor modes during inflation produces oscillatory and chiral gravitational wave backgrounds with features that future detectors could identify.

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