Pith. sign in

REVIEW 4 major objections 5 minor 107 references

This paper claims that P-wave one-boson-exchange forces between ground-state bottom baryons and antibottom mesons generate a spectrum of positive-parity hidden-bottom molecular pentaquark candidates—loosely bound states and resonances in ne

Reviewed by Pith at T0; open to challenge. T0 means a machine referee read the full paper against a public rubric. the ladder, T0–T4 →

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

T0 review · deepseek-v4-flash

2026-08-02 00:41 UTC pith:YFVIC5MI

load-bearing objection Systematic OBE survey of P-wave hidden-bottom pentaquarks: new predictions, standard method, but the 'loose molecule' label is applied inconsistently and the headline candidates need a clarity pass between single-channel and full coupled-channel results. the 4 major comments →

arxiv 2607.14913 v1 pith:YFVIC5MI submitted 2026-07-16 hep-ph

Possible hidden-bottom molecular pentaquarks from P-wave Λ_bB^((*))/Sigma_b^((*))B^((*)) interactions

Yu-Xin Wan , Rui Chen , Fu-Lai Wang , Qi Huang This is my paper
classification hep-ph PACS 12.39.Pn14.20.Pt14.20.Mr03.65.Nk
keywords hidden-bottom pentaquarkshadronic moleculesP-wave interactionsone-boson-exchange modelbottom baryonscoupled-channel dynamicsresonancesheavy-quark spin symmetry
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper aims to establish that the residual strong interaction can hold a bottom baryon and an antibottom meson together even when their relative orbital angular momentum is one (a P wave), producing hidden-bottom pentaquarks. The authors build one-boson-exchange potentials for every allowed I(J^P) combination, solve coupled-channel Schrödinger equations, and analyze phase shifts to distinguish bound states from resonances. Their core result is a systematic catalog: in the isospin-1/2 family, Sigma_b B* and Sigma_b^* B* channels support loosely bound molecules for J^P=1/2^+ and 3/2^+ and a 5/2^+ state, with companion resonances tied to the same thresholds; in the isospin-3/2 family, weaker attraction still yields Sigma_b^* B* states with J^P=3/2^+,5/2^+,7/2^+. If the predictions hold, they give experiments precise masses, widths, and quantum numbers to search for a whole class of undiscovered hadrons.

Core claim

Within the one-boson-exchange model with coupled channels, the P-wave Lambda_b B^(*)/Sigma_b^(*) B^(*) interactions are attractive enough to create positive-parity hidden-bottom molecular pentaquarks. The paper finds shallow bound states with binding energies of a few to tens of MeV and radii near 1 fm in the Sigma_b B* and Sigma_b^* B* channels for I=1/2 (J^P=1/2^+ and 3/2^+) and in Sigma_b^* B* for I=1/2 (5/2^+); in the I=3/2 sector, where the isospin factor weakens the attraction, it still obtains bound states and resonances, notably Sigma_b^* B* states with J^P=3/2^+,5/2^+ and a 7/2^+ resonance. Coupled-channel mixing is essential: it lowers the cutoff at which states appear and produces

What carries the argument

The carrying mechanism is the one-boson-exchange (OBE) effective potential, with sigma, pi, eta, rho, and omega exchange and a monopole form factor, evaluated for all allowed P-wave channels. The potential contains central, spin-spin, spin-orbit, and tensor operators whose matrix elements are tabulated; solving the coupled-channel Schrödinger equation for each I(J^P) sector yields bound states, and phase-shift analysis identifies resonances where the phase crosses pi/2 with positive slope. The cutoff Lambda (varied around 1 GeV) is the dial that tunes the attraction strength.

Load-bearing premise

The load-bearing premise is that the OBE potentials with their coupling constants and a monopole form factor, with the cutoff tuned near 1 GeV, faithfully approximate the real bottom-baryon–antibottom-meson interaction; if the true short-distance force is weaker or the physical cutoff falls outside this window, most of the predicted states disappear.

What would settle it

Look for narrow positive-parity structures in the approximately 11.1 GeV invariant-mass region of bottomonium-plus-baryon systems; if the predicted Sigma_b^* B* 7/2^+ I=3/2 resonance and the I=1/2 Sigma_b B* molecules are absent with widths below tens of MeV, the central claim is falsified.

Watch this falsifier — get emailed when new claim-graph text bears on it.

If this is right

  • A whole family of positive-parity hidden-bottom pentaquark candidates is predicted, not just one state; the I=1/2 sector alone has loosely bound Sigma_b B* and Sigma_b^* B* molecules for several J^P values.
  • Most resonances are threshold companions: as the cutoff grows they evolve smoothly into bound states, so observing a resonance above threshold and its bound partner below would confirm the picture.
  • Coupled-channel dynamics is essential, so single-channel treatments that drop the Lambda_b B^(*) channels are insufficient; any future calculation should keep the full channel set.
  • The I=3/2 Sigma_b^* B* states with J^P=3/2^+,5/2^+,7/2^+ are clean predictions in the sense that they are dominated by a single partial wave (6P_J), giving sharp quantum-number assignments for experimental checks.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • If confirmed, these P-wave states would show that the hadronic-molecule phenomenon is not confined to S-wave shallow binding but extends to orbital excitations, where centrifugal barriers usually suppress binding.
  • The predicted absence of an I=1/2 7/2^+ bound state or resonance even up to a 2 GeV cutoff is a sharp discriminator: a positive-parity I=1/2 7/2^+ peak seen by experiments would directly contradict this OBE realization.
  • The compact states with rms radii below 0.5 fm and binding energies shifted by hundreds of MeV relative to their dominant channel are better reinterpreted as compact pentaquarks rather than molecules; the paper's own criterion flags only the shallow states as genuine molecular candidates.
  • A natural testable extension is to check heavy-quark-spin-symmetry multiplets: if the 1/2^+, 3/2^+, 5/2^+ bottom molecules form the predicted spin partners, analogous states in the charm sector should appear at scaled masses.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

4 major / 5 minor

Summary. This paper studies P-wave interactions between ground-state bottom baryons (Λ_b, Σ_b^(*)) and antibottom mesons (B^(*)) in the one-boson-exchange (OBE) model, with a monopole form factor and cutoff Λ. The authors construct explicit coupled-channel potentials for isospin I=1/2 and 3/2 and all J^P = 1/2^+, 3/2^+, 5/2^+, 7/2^+, solve coupled-channel Schrödinger equations for bound states, and perform phase-shift analyses for resonances. They report a rich spectrum of positive-parity hidden-bottom molecular pentaquark candidates, including loosely bound states in the Σ_bB^* and Σ_b^*B^* channels, especially for I=1/2(1/2^+, 3/2^+), and Σ_b^*B^* states for I=3/2(3/2^+, 5/2^+, 7/2^+). The paper emphasizes that coupled-channel effects reduce the cutoff needed to form resonances and that high-spin 6P_J components play a significant role.

Significance. If the predictions were robust, a systematic OBE-based study of P-wave hidden-bottom pentaquarks would be a useful guide for LHCb and Belle II searches. The paper has strengths: it covers all allowed quantum numbers in the chosen model space, provides explicit potential tables, and includes both bound-state and resonance analyses. It does not fit to data, and the OBE framework is standard. However, the central claim that the spectrum contains 'loosely bound molecular pentaquark candidates' is not supported by the full coupled-channel solutions as presented. The inconsistency in applying the paper's own compactness criterion, the reliance on single-channel bound states for some headline candidates, and the cutoff-window dependence of the predictions are load-bearing issues. The manuscript is suitable for major revision rather than acceptance in its current form.

major comments (4)
  1. [Sec. III.A.a, Tables VI and VIII] The criterion introduced in Sec. III.A.a is applied only to the I=1/2(1/2^+) coupled-channel bound state. There the authors reject the state because the dominant channel is not the lowest threshold and because E_tilde = E + (M_low - M_dom) gives hundreds of MeV of binding with r_RMS well below 1 fm. The same test is not applied to the I=1/2(3/2^+) and I=1/2(5/2^+) coupled states. In Table VI at Λ=1.07 GeV, E=-5.50 MeV, r_RMS=0.49 fm, and the dominant Σ_b^*B^* component has probability ~37% while its threshold is roughly 260 MeV above Λ_bB; thus E_tilde ≈ -266 MeV. In Table VIII at Λ=1.10 GeV, E=-2.38 MeV, r_RMS=0.69 fm, with dominant Λ_bB^* probability ~57%; the Σ_b^*B^* component is again far above threshold. These states are compact by the paper's own standard. Either the E_tilde criterion should be applied uniformly, or the distinction needs an explicit physical justification. Without
  2. [Secs. III.A.b, III.B.a, III.B.b; Tables V, VII, IX] Several of the headline molecular candidates are obtained from single-channel calculations at cutoff values where the full coupled-channel eigenstate is not the same near-threshold state. For example, the Σ_bB^* and Σ_b^*B^* states in Tables V and VII appear as single-channel bound states at Λ ≈ 1.08-1.15 GeV, but the full coupled-channel solutions in Tables IV and VI at comparable cutoffs are compact mixed states dominated by higher thresholds. The paper argues that resonances evolve into single-channel molecular states as Λ increases, but it does not demonstrate that the single-channel bound-state poles survive as poles of the full coupled-channel S-matrix. Coupling to lower Λ_bB and Λ_bB^* channels can shift the state into a resonance or move the pole off the physical sheet. The central spectrum of loosely bound states therefore rests on truncated dynamics. The authors should show exp
  3. [Sec. III, especially D-G] The 'reasonable cutoff' criterion is applied inconsistently. The text repeatedly states that promising states should appear for Λ ∼ 1 GeV, but many of the I=3/2 candidates require Λ ≈ 1.3-1.8 GeV (Tables X-XV), and the I=3/2(3/2^+, 5/2^+, 7/2^+) single-channel and coupled states are obtained only at such larger cutoffs. The paper notes in places that I=3/2 needs larger Λ, but then still labels these as promising molecular candidates. Since Λ is the only free parameter and states are selected by whether they appear in the chosen window, the classification is partly circular. A quantitative sensitivity analysis over the full 1-2 GeV range, with clear criteria for what constitutes a 'promising' prediction, is needed.
  4. [Table III and Appendix A] The effective potentials in Table III are presented as final expressions, but the derivation is not shown. Given that the signs and relative strengths of the OBE terms are decisive for the existence of bound states, the manuscript should at least provide a representative derivation of one class of potentials (e.g., Λ_bB → Λ_bB and Λ_bB → Σ_bB^*) and state explicitly how the isospin factors G=−1 and G=1/2 enter. The current presentation makes independent verification difficult.
minor comments (5)
  1. [Sec. III.A.a] There are unprocessed placeholder markers '[?]' in the text after the discussion of E_tilde and the RMS radius. These should be resolved before submission.
  2. [Tables IV-XV] The captions state 'unites' instead of 'units'. While not substantive, the repeated typo should be corrected.
  3. [References] Reference [78] appears twice, with the second entry repeating the first. This should be cleaned up.
  4. [Table XVI] The matrix-element table contains ellipses for several J^P rows, especially 5/2^+ and 7/2^+. Since the potentials are central to the numerical results, the full set of matrix elements should be provided or referenced to a repository.
  5. [Sec. III.D-G] The paper would benefit from a quantitative definition of 'loosely bound' (e.g., r_RMS ≥ 1 fm and E_tilde of order a few to tens of MeV). Currently the criterion is stated qualitatively, which contributes to the inconsistent classifications noted above.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No load-bearing circularity: the spectrum is a parameter-dependent OBE calculation, not a fit to the predicted states; self-citations are present but not central.

full rationale

The paper's derivation chain is a standard model calculation: effective Lagrangians (Eqs. 4–7) with couplings taken from Refs. [51,102–104] yield OBE potentials (Table III), which are inserted into coupled-channel Schrödinger equations to produce bound states and phase-shift resonances. No parameter is fitted to the pentaquark states being 'predicted'; masses and thresholds are external inputs, and the cutoff Λ is scanned over a range justified by NN-scattering phenomenology (Ref. [106]). The channel-dependent output, e.g., no I(J^P)=1/2(7/2^+) state even up to Λ=2 GeV, shows the calculation has falsifiable content rather than being forced by construction. The 'promising molecular candidate' criterion (Sec. III: 'The discussed systems that satisfy the characteristics of shallow bound states within the reasonable cutoff range can be considered as the promising molecular candidates') is a selection rule, not an equation-level reduction; the model would still produce a specific spectrum even if one changed the criterion. The main weaknesses are model dependence and internal inconsistency: the paper rejects the I=1/2(1/2^+) coupled state using the shifted binding energy E_tilde=E+(M_low−M_dom), yet does not apply the same test to the similarly compact I=1/2(3/2^+) and I=1/2(5/2^+) states (r_RMS ≈ 0.4–0.7 fm with dominant channels far above the lowest threshold). These are correctness/robustness concerns, not circularity. Self-citations to the authors' prior OBE/P-wave works (e.g., Refs. [30,93,96,97]) are used as motivation and are accompanied by independent references ([82,94,95,98,99]); they do not supply a uniqueness theorem, ansatz, or fitted input on which the central derivation depends. Therefore no circular step meets the evidentiary bar; the honest finding is no significant circularity, with a low score reflecting minor self-citation rather than a circular derivation.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

1 free parameters · 4 axioms · 1 invented entities

The paper's central predictions rest almost entirely on the OBE model and on choosing a cutoff window that produces bound states. The coupling constants are inherited from earlier works, but the cutoff criterion is effectively tuned so that candidates appear.

free parameters (1)
  • monopole form-factor cutoff Λ = varied; promising states found near Λ ~ 1 GeV, up to ~2 GeV for I=3/2
    The central model parameter is not fixed by data; the paper scans it and adopts Λ ~ 1 GeV as the criterion for a promising molecular candidate, which directly determines which states are predicted.
axioms (4)
  • domain assumption OBE model with σ, π, η, ρ, ω exchange describes the low-energy P-wave Lambda_b B(*)/Sigma_b(*) B(*) interaction.
    The entire calculation rests on this model; no data in the bottom sector is used to validate it.
  • domain assumption Heavy-quark symmetry and chiral effective Lagrangians, Eqs. (4)–(7), with coupling constants from Refs. [51, 102–104].
    The coupling constants are taken from prior literature and their relative phases fixed by the quark model; the paper assumes these are valid for bottom baryon-antibottom meson systems.
  • ad hoc to paper The cutoff interval Λ ~ 1–2 GeV and the criterion Λ ~ 1 GeV for “promising” candidates are physically appropriate for these systems.
    Used in Sec. III to decide which bound states are molecular candidates; the choice is not derived from data or from a deeper theory.
  • standard math Coupled-channel Schrödinger equation with regular boundary conditions and phase-shift crossing π/2 identifies resonance poles.
    Standard quantum-mechanical scattering machinery; not specific to the paper.
invented entities (1)
  • Hidden-bottom molecular pentaquark candidates (e.g., Sigma_b B* and Sigma_b* B* bound states and resonances) independent evidence
    purpose: Predicted as possible new hadronic states observable at LHCb and Belle II.
    Each candidate comes with a specific mass, width, and quantum number, so it is falsifiable in future experiments; however, no current experimental evidence exists.

pith-pipeline@v1.3.0-alltime-deepseek · 34954 in / 7939 out tokens · 78268 ms · 2026-08-02T00:41:17.696394+00:00 · methodology

0 comments
read the original abstract

In this work, we perform a systematic investigation of the hidden-bottom molecular pentaquark states, encompassing both bound states and resonances, which originate from the $P$-wave interactions between ground-state bottom baryons ($\Lambda_b$, $\Sigma_b^{(*)}$) and ground-state antibottom mesons ($B^{(*)}$). Adopting the one-boson-exchange model and including the coupled-channel effects, we derive the effective potentials for all allowed quantum numbers $I(J^P) = 1/2(1/2^+)$, $1/2(3/2^+)$, $1/2(5/2^+)$, $1/2(7/2^+)$, $3/2(1/2^+)$, $3/2(3/2^+)$, $3/2(5/2^+)$, and $3/2(7/2^+)$. We then solve the coupled-channel Schr\"odinger equations to search for the bound-state solutions and perform the phase-shift analyses to identify resonance poles. Our results reveal a rich spectrum of positive-parity hidden-bottom molecular pentaquark candidates. In the isospin $I=1/2$ sector, we find several loosely bound states and associated resonances, particularly in the $\Sigma_b B^*$ and $\Sigma_b^* B^*$ channels, where the coupled-channel dynamics plays an essential role in their formation. In the isospin $I=3/2$ sector, the attraction is generally weaker because of the isospin factors. Nevertheless, we still obtain the loosely bound states and resonances, such as the $\Sigma_b^* B^*$ states with $J^P=3/2^+$, $5/2^+$, and $7/2^+$. The prominence of high-spin partial waves, for instance the $^6P_J$ components, underscores the importance of the spin-spin and tensor interactions. Our predictions provide a comprehensive and systematic spectrum of the $P$-wave hidden-bottom molecular pentaquark states and offer clear guidance for future experimental searches at LHCb and Belle~II.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2607.14913 by Fu-Lai Wang, Qi Huang, Rui Chen, Yu-Xin Wan.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1: The cuto [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2: The phase shifts for the [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3: The cuto [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: FIG. 5: The cuto [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p010_5.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4: The cuto [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p010_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: FIG. 6: The cuto [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p011_6.png] view at source ↗
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: FIG. 7: The cuto [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p012_7.png] view at source ↗
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: FIG. 8: The cuto [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p013_8.png] view at source ↗

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

107 extracted references · 4 linked inside Pith

  1. [1]

    Liu, An overview ofXYZnew particles, Chin

    X. Liu, An overview ofXYZnew particles, Chin. Sci. Bull. 59, 3815-3830 (2014)

    2014

  2. [2]

    Hosaka, T

    A. Hosaka, T. Iijima, K. Miyabayashi, Y . Sakai and S. Yasui, Exotic hadrons with heavy flavors: X, Y , Z, and related states, PTEP2016no.6, 062C01 (2016)

    2016

  3. [3]

    H. X. Chen, W. Chen, X. Liu and S. L. Zhu, The hidden- charm pentaquark and tetraquark states, Phys. Rept.639, 1- 121 (2016)

    2016

  4. [4]

    J. M. Richard, Exotic hadrons: review and perspectives, Few Body Syst.57no.12, 1185-1212 (2016)

    2016

  5. [5]

    R. F. Lebed, R. E. Mitchell and E. S. Swanson, Heavy-Quark QCD Exotica, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys.93, 143-194 (2017)

    2017

  6. [6]

    S. L. Olsen, T. Skwarnicki and D. Zieminska, Nonstandard heavy mesons and baryons: Experimental evidence, Rev. Mod. Phys.90no.1, 015003 (2018)

    2018

  7. [7]

    F. K. Guo, C. Hanhart, U. G. Meißner, Q. Wang, Q. Zhao and B. S. Zou, Hadronic molecules, Rev. Mod. Phys.90no.1, 015004 (2018)

    2018

  8. [8]

    Y . R. Liu, H. X. Chen, W. Chen, X. Liu and S. L. Zhu, Pen- taquark and Tetraquark states, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys.107, 237-320 (2019)

    2019

  9. [9]

    Brambilla, S

    N. Brambilla, S. Eidelman, C. Hanhart, A. Nefediev, C. P. Shen, C. E. Thomas, A. Vairo and C. Z. Yuan, TheXYZ states: experimental and theoretical status and perspectives, Phys. Rept.873, 1-154 (2020)

    2020

  10. [10]

    L. Meng, B. Wang, G. J. Wang and S. L. Zhu, Chiral perturba- tion theory for heavy hadrons and chiral effective field theory for heavy hadronic molecules, Phys. Rept.1019, 1-149 (2023)

    2023

  11. [11]

    H. X. Chen, W. Chen, X. Liu, Y . R. Liu and S. L. Zhu, An updated review of the new hadron states, Rept. Prog. Phys.86 no.2, 026201 (2023)

    2023

  12. [12]

    X. Wang, X. Liu and Y . Gao, Colloquium: Hadron production in open-charm meson pairs ate +e− colliders, Rev. Mod. Phys. 98(2026) no.2, 021001 (2026)

    2026

  13. [13]

    Z. Y . Bai, D. Y . Chen, Qi-Huang, X. Liu, S. Q. Luo, and J. Z. Wang, Unquenched charmonium and beyond, arXiv:2602.19887

    Pith/arXiv arXiv

  14. [14]

    Sim- ilarly, theP c(4312),P c(4440), andP c(4457) states [49] have often been assigned asΣ c ¯D(∗) molecular pentaquarks [50–67]

    and theT + cc(3875) [15, 16] are frequently interpreted as D ¯D∗ [17–29] andDD∗ [30–48] molecules, respectively. Sim- ilarly, theP c(4312),P c(4440), andP c(4457) states [49] have often been assigned asΣ c ¯D(∗) molecular pentaquarks [50–67]. ∗Electronic address: chenrui@hunnu.edu.cn The extensive investigation of the hadronic molecules in the charm secto...

    Pith/arXiv arXiv 2011

  15. [15]

    S. K. Choiet al.[Belle], Observation of a narrow charmonium-like state in exclusiveB±→K ±π+π− J/ψdecays, Phys. Rev. Lett.91, 262001 (2003)

    2003

  16. [16]

    Aaijet al.[LHCb], Observation of an exotic narrow doubly charmed tetraquark, Nature Phys.18, 751-754 (2022)

    R. Aaijet al.[LHCb], Observation of an exotic narrow doubly charmed tetraquark, Nature Phys.18, 751-754 (2022)

    2022

  17. [17]

    Aaijet al.[LHCb], Study of the doubly charmed tetraquark T + cc, Nature Commun.13, 3351 (2022)

    R. Aaijet al.[LHCb], Study of the doubly charmed tetraquark T + cc, Nature Commun.13, 3351 (2022)

    2022

  18. [18]

    Y . R. Liu, X. Liu, W. Z. Deng and S. L. Zhu, IsX(3872) Really a Molecular State?, Eur. Phys. J. C56, 63-73 (2008)

    2008

  19. [19]

    C. E. Thomas and F. E. Close, Is X(3872) a molecule?, Phys. Rev. D78, 034007 (2008)

    2008

  20. [20]

    I. W. Lee, A. Faessler, T. Gutsche and V . E. Lyubovitskij, X(3872) as a molecular DD* state in a potential model, Phys. Rev. D80, 094005 (2009)

    2009

  21. [21]

    Li and S

    N. Li and S. L. Zhu, Isospin breaking, Coupled-channel effects 15 TABLE XVI: Matrix elements⟨f|O|i⟩for all the operatorsO. JP E15 F15 E16 F16 E23 F23 1/2+ √ 3 0 0− √ 6 − √ 2 0 0− r 2 5 !  √ 3 0   0 − √ 6  3/2+ √ 3 0 0 r 3 5 ! − √ 2 0 0 0 1 5 − 3 √ 6 5 !  √ 3 0   0r 3 5 ...

    2012

  22. [22]

    Z. F. Sun, Z. G. Luo, J. He, X. Liu and S. L. Zhu, A note on the B* anti-B, B* anti-B*, D* anti-D, D* anti-D*, molecular states, Chin. Phys. C36, 194-204(2012)

    2012

  23. [23]

    L. Zhao, L. Ma and S. L. Zhu, Spin-orbit force, recoil correc- tions, and possibleB ¯B∗ andD ¯D∗ molecular states, Phys. Rev. D89no.9, 094026 (2014)

    2014

  24. [24]

    Z. Y . Lin, J. Z. Wang, J. B. Cheng, L. Meng and S. L. Zhu, Identification of theG(3900) as theP-waveD ¯D∗/ ¯DD∗ reso- nance, Phys. Rev. Lett.133no.24, 241903 (2024)

    2024

  25. [25]

    J. L. Lu, M. Song, P. Wang, J. Y . Guo, G. Li and X. Luo, The bound and resonant states ofD(∗)D(∗) andD (∗) ¯D(∗) with the complex scaling method, Eur. Phys. J. C85no.8, 920 (2025)

    2025

  26. [26]

    Aubertet al.[BaBar], Study of the Exclusive Initial-State Radiation Production of theD ¯DSystem, Phys

    B. Aubertet al.[BaBar], Study of the Exclusive Initial-State Radiation Production of theD ¯DSystem, Phys. Rev. D76, 111105 (2007)

    2007

  27. [27]

    Y . B. Shen, M. Z. Liu, Z. W. Liu and L. S. Geng, Implication of a negative effective range on theD ¯D∗ interaction and the nature ofX(3872), Phys. Rev. D111no.3, 034001 (2025)

    2025

  28. [28]

    Esposito, L

    A. Esposito, L. Maiani, A. Pilloni, A. D. Polosa and V . Riquer, From the line shape of theX(3872) to its structure, Phys. Rev. D105no.3, L031503 (2022)

    2022

  29. [29]

    J. Z. Wang, Z. Y . Lin, Y . K. Chen, L. Meng and S. L. Zhu, Uncovering the mystery ofX(3872) with the coupled-channel dynamics, Phys. Rev. D111no.11, L111502 (2025)

    2025

  30. [30]

    X. Liu, Z. G. Luo, Y . R. Liu and S. L. Zhu,X(3872) and Other Possible Heavy Molecular States, Eur. Phys. J. C61, 411-428 (2009)

    2009

  31. [31]

    R. Chen, Q. Huang, X. Liu and S. L. Zhu, Predicting another doubly charmed molecular resonanceT cc ′+(3876), Phys. Rev. D104no.11, 114042 (2021)

    2021

  32. [32]

    Albaladejo,T + cc coupled channel analysis and predictions, Phys

    M. Albaladejo,T + cc coupled channel analysis and predictions, Phys. Lett. B829, 137052 (2022)

    2022

  33. [33]

    Abolnikov, V

    M. Abolnikov, V . Baru, E. Epelbaum, A. A. Filin, C. Han- hart and L. Meng, Internal structure of theT cc(3875)+ from its light-quark mass dependence, Phys. Lett. B860, 139188 (2025)

    2025

  34. [34]

    M. L. Du, V . Baru, X. K. Dong, A. Filin, F. K. Guo, C. Han- hart, A. Nefediev, J. Nieves and Q. Wang, Coupled-channel approach toT + cc including three-body effects, Phys. Rev. D105 (2022) no.1, 014024 (2022)

    2022

  35. [35]

    Moradpouri, The species scale and the refinedT cc bound in time-dependent backgrounds of string theory, arXiv:2512.22694

    A. Moradpouri, The species scale and the refinedT cc bound in time-dependent backgrounds of string theory, arXiv:2512.22694

    arXiv

  36. [36]

    M. L. Du, F. K. Guo and B. Wu, Effective range expansion with the left-hand cut and its application to theT cc(3875), PoS CD2024, 062 (2026)

    2026

  37. [37]

    Collins, A

    S. Collins, A. Nefediev, M. Padmanath and S. Prelovsek, To- ward the quark mass dependence ofT + cc from lattice QCD, Phys. Rev. D109no.9, 9 (2024)

    2024

  38. [38]

    N. Li, Z. F. Sun, X. Liu and S. L. Zhu, Coupled-channel anal- ysis of the possibleD (∗)D(∗), B (∗) B (∗) andD (∗)B (∗) molecular states, Phys. Rev. D88no.11, 114008 (2013)

    2013

  39. [39]

    H. Xu, B. Wang, Z. W. Liu and X. Liu,DD∗ potentials in chiral perturbation theory and possible molecular states, Phys. Rev. D99no.1, 014027 (2019)

    2019

  40. [40]

    X. Z. Ling, M. Z. Liu, L. S. Geng, E. Wang and J. J. Xie, Can we understand the decay width of the Tcc+state?, Phys. Lett. B826, 136897 (2022)

    2022

  41. [41]

    X. K. Dong, F. K. Guo and B. S. Zou, A survey of heavy–heavy hadronic molecules, Commun. Theor. Phys.73 no.12, 125201 (2021)

    2021

  42. [42]

    Feijoo, W

    A. Feijoo, W. H. Liang and E. Oset,D 0D0π+ mass distribution in the production of theT cc exotic state, Phys. Rev. D104 no.11, 114015 (2021)

    2021

  43. [43]

    H. Ren, F. Wu and R. Zhu, Hadronic Molecule Interpretation ofT + cc and Its Beauty Partners, Adv. High Energy Phys.2022, 9103031 (2022)

    2022

  44. [44]

    K. Chen, R. Chen, L. Meng, B. Wang and S. L. Zhu, System- atics of the heavy flavor hadronic molecules, Eur. Phys. J. C 82no.7, 581 (2022)

    2022

  45. [45]

    Santowsky and C

    N. Santowsky and C. S. Fischer, Four-quark states with charm quarks in a two-body Bethe–Salpeter approach, Eur. Phys. J. C82no.4, 313 (2022)

    2022

  46. [46]

    Deng and S

    C. Deng and S. L. Zhu,T + cc and its partners, Phys. Rev. D105 no.5, 054015 (2022)

    2022

  47. [47]

    Kamiya, T

    Y . Kamiya, T. Hyodo and A. Ohnishi, Femtoscopic study on DD∗ andD ¯D∗ interactions forT cc and X(3872), Eur. Phys. J. A58no.7, 131 (2022)

    2022

  48. [48]

    L. M. Abreu, A note on the possible boundD (∗)D(∗), ¯B(∗) ¯B(∗) andD (∗) ¯B(∗) states, Nucl. Phys. B985, 115994 (2022)

    2022

  49. [49]

    S. Chen, C. Shi, Y . Chen, M. Gong, Z. Liu, W. Sun and R. Zhang,T + cc(3875) relevantDD∗ scattering fromN f =2 lat- tice QCD, Phys. Lett. B833, 137391 (2022)

    2022

  50. [50]

    Aaijet al.[LHCb], Observation of a narrow pentaquark state,P c(4312)+, and of two-peak structure of theP c(4450)+, Phys

    R. Aaijet al.[LHCb], Observation of a narrow pentaquark state,P c(4312)+, and of two-peak structure of theP c(4450)+, Phys. Rev. Lett.122, 222001 (2019)

    2019

  51. [51]

    J. J. Wu, R. Molina, E. Oset and B. S. Zou, Prediction of nar- rowN ∗ andΛ ∗ resonances with hidden charm above 4 GeV , Phys. Rev. Lett.105, 232001 (2010)

    2010

  52. [52]

    Z. C. Yang, Z. F. Sun, J. He, X. Liu and S. L. Zhu, The possible hidden-charm molecular baryons composed of anti-charmed meson and charmed baryon, Chin. Phys. C36, 6-13 (2012)

    2012

  53. [53]

    W. L. Wang, F. Huang, Z. Y . Zhang and B. S. Zou,Σ c ¯Dand Λc ¯Dstates in a chiral quark model, Phys. Rev. C84, 015203 (2011)

    2011

  54. [54]

    J. J. Wu, T. S. H. Lee and B. S. Zou, Nucleon Resonances with Hidden Charm in Coupled-Channel Models, Phys. Rev. C85, 044002 (2012)

    2012

  55. [55]

    C. W. Shen, J. J. Wu and B. S. Zou, Decay behaviors of possi- bleΛ c¯cstates in hadronic molecule pictures, Phys. Rev. D100, 056006 (2019)

    2019

  56. [56]

    F. K. Guo, H. J. Jing, U. G. Meißner and S. Sakai, Isospin breaking decays as a diagnosis of the hadronic molecular structure of theP c(4457), Phys. Rev. D99, 091501 (2019)

    2019

  57. [57]

    C. J. Xiao, Y . Huang, Y . B. Dong, L. S. Geng and D. Y . Chen, Exploring the molecular scenario ofP c(4312),P c(4440), and Pc(4457), Phys. Rev. D100, 014022 (2019)

    2019

  58. [58]

    He, Study ofP c(4457),P c(4440), andP c(4312) in a quasipotential Bethe-Salpeter equation approach, Eur

    J. He, Study ofP c(4457),P c(4440), andP c(4312) in a quasipotential Bethe-Salpeter equation approach, Eur. Phys. J. C79, 393 (2019)

    2019

  59. [59]

    Uchino, W

    T. Uchino, W. H. Liang and E. Oset, Baryon states with hidden charm in the extended local hidden gauge approach, Eur. Phys. J. A52, 43 (2016)

    2016

  60. [60]

    Yamaguchi, H

    Y . Yamaguchi, H. Garc´ıa-Tecocoatzi, A. Giachino, A. Hosaka, E. Santopinto, S. Takeuchi and M. Takizawa,P c pentaquarks with chiral tensor and quark dynamics, Phys. Rev. D101, 091502 (2020)

    2020

  61. [61]

    T. J. Burns and E. S. Swanson, Molecular interpretation of theP c(4440) andP c(4457) states, Phys. Rev. D100, 114033 (2019)

    2019

  62. [62]

    H. X. Chen, W. Chen and S. L. Zhu, Possible interpretations of theP c(4312),P c(4440), andP c(4457), Phys. Rev. D100, 051501 (2019)

    2019

  63. [63]

    L. Meng, B. Wang, G. J. Wang and S. L. Zhu, The hidden charm pentaquark states andΣ c ¯D(∗) interaction in chiral per- turbation theory, Phys. Rev. D100, 014031 (2019). 17

    2019

  64. [64]

    Pavon Valderrama, One pion exchange and the quantum numbers of theP c(4440) andP c(4457) pentaquarks, Phys

    M. Pavon Valderrama, One pion exchange and the quantum numbers of theP c(4440) andP c(4457) pentaquarks, Phys. Rev. D100, 094028 (2019)

    2019

  65. [65]

    M. L. Du, V . Baru, F. K. Guo, C. Hanhart, U. G. Meißner, J. A. Oller and Q. Wang, Interpretation of the LHCbP c States as Hadronic Molecules and Hints of a NarrowPc(4380), Phys. Rev. Lett.124, 072001 (2020)

    2020

  66. [66]

    B. Wang, L. Meng and S. L. Zhu, Hidden-charm and hidden- bottom molecular pentaquarks in chiral effective field theory, JHEP11, 108 (2019)

    2019

  67. [67]

    R. Xu, L. Meng, H. X. Zhu, N. Li and W. Chen, Toward modeling the short-range interactions of hidden and open charm pentaquark molecular states, Phys. Rev. D111, 094015 (2025)

    2025

  68. [68]

    R. Chen, Z. F. Sun, X. Liu and S. L. Zhu, Strong LHCb evi- dence supporting the existence of the hidden-charm molecular pentaquarks, Phys. Rev. D100, 011502 (2019)

    2019

  69. [69]

    Bondaret al.[Belle], Observation of two charged bottomonium-like resonances inΥ(5S) decays, Phys

    A. Bondaret al.[Belle], Observation of two charged bottomonium-like resonances inΥ(5S) decays, Phys. Rev. Lett.108, 122001 (2012)

    2012

  70. [70]

    Prelovsek, H

    S. Prelovsek, H. Bahtiyar and J. Petkovic, Zb tetraquark chan- nel from lattice QCD and Born-Oppenheimer approximation, Phys. Lett. B805, 135467 (2020)

    2020

  71. [71]

    J. R. Zhang, M. Zhong and M. Q. Huang, CouldZ b(10610) be aB∗ ¯Bmolecular state?, Phys. Lett. B704, 312-315 (2011)

    2011

  72. [72]

    Y . Yang, J. Ping, C. Deng and H. S. Zong, Possible interpreta- tion of theZ b(10610) andZ b(10650) in a chiral quark model, J. Phys. G39, 105001 (2012)

    2012

  73. [73]

    Nieves and M

    J. Nieves and M. P. Valderrama, Phys. Rev. D84, 056015 (2011)

    2011

  74. [74]

    Z. F. Sun, J. He, X. Liu, Z. G. Luo and S. L. Zhu,Z b(10610)± andZ b(10650)± as theB ∗ ¯BandB ∗ ¯B∗ molecular states, Phys. Rev. D84, 054002 (2011)

    2011

  75. [75]

    Cleven, F

    M. Cleven, F. K. Guo, C. Hanhart and U. G. Meissner, Bound state nature of the exoticZ b states, Eur. Phys. J. A47, 120 (2011)

    2011

  76. [76]

    Mehen and J

    T. Mehen and J. W. Powell, Heavy Quark Symmetry Predic- tions for Weakly Bound B-Meson Molecules, Phys. Rev. D84, 114013 (2011)

    2011

  77. [77]

    M. T. Li, W. L. Wang, Y . B. Dong and Z. Y . Zhang,Zb(10650) andZ b(10610) States in A Chiral Quark Model, J. Phys. G40, 015003 (2013)

    2013

  78. [78]

    M. Z. Liu, D. J. Jia and D. Y . Chen, Possible hadronic molec- ular states composed ofS-wave heavy-light mesons, Chin. Phys. C41no.5, 053105 (2017). [78]

    2017

  79. [79]

    W. Chen, T. G. Steele, H. X. Chen and S. L. Zhu, Mass spectra of Zc and Zb exotic states as hadron molecules, Phys. Rev. D 92no.5, 054002 (2015)

    2015

  80. [80]

    Q. Wang, V . Baru, A. A. Filin, C. Hanhart, A. V . Nefediev and J. L. Wynen, Line shapes of theZ b(10610) andZ b(10650) in the elastic and inelastic channels revisited, Phys. Rev. D98 no.7, 074023 (2018)

    2018

Showing first 80 references.