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BERT and PALs: Projected Attention Layers for Efficient Adaptation in Multi-Task Learning

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arxiv 1902.02671 v2 pith:YOCS3DQB submitted 2019-02-07 cs.LG cs.CLstat.ML

classification cs.LGcs.CLstat.ML
keywords bertmulti-taskparametersadaptationattentionbenchmarkfine-tunedglue
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Multi-task learning shares information between related tasks, sometimes reducing the number of parameters required. State-of-the-art results across multiple natural language understanding tasks in the GLUE benchmark have previously used transfer from a single large task: unsupervised pre-training with BERT, where a separate BERT model was fine-tuned for each task. We explore multi-task approaches that share a single BERT model with a small number of additional task-specific parameters. Using new adaptation modules, PALs or `projected attention layers', we match the performance of separately fine-tuned models on the GLUE benchmark with roughly 7 times fewer parameters, and obtain state-of-the-art results on the Recognizing Textual Entailment dataset.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Optimizing Small Transformer-Based Language Models for Multi-Label Sentiment Analysis in Short Texts

    cs.CL 2025-09 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    On SemEval 2025 Task 11 short texts, generated data helped some BERT models, continued pretraining was mixed, and classification head changes barely mattered.

  2. To Tune or Not To Tune? How About the Best of Both Worlds?

    cs.CL 2019-07 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    A sequential fine-tuning strategy for pre-trained language models reports modest accuracy gains of 4.7%, 0.99%, and 0.72% on semantic similarity, sequence labeling, and text classification tasks.

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