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Gravitational Wave Emission from a Cosmic String Loop, I: Global Case

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arxiv 2308.08456 v2 pith:YPYOF6IZ submitted 2023-08-16 astro-ph.CO hep-ph

classification astro-ph.COhep-ph
keywords stringglobalinitialloopsparticlescomparedconsidereddecay
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

We study the simultaneous decay of global string loops into scalar particles (massless and massive modes) and gravitational waves (GWs). Using field theory simulations in flat space-time of isolated loops with initial length $\sim 80-1700$ times their core width, we determine the power emitted into scalar particles, $P_{\varphi}$, and GWs, $P_{\rm GW}$, and characterize the loop decay timescale as a function of its initial length, energy and angular momentum. We quantify infrared and ultraviolet lattice dependencies of our results. For all type of loops and initial conditions considered, GW emission is always suppressed compared to particles as $P_{\rm GW}/P_{\varphi} \approx \mathcal{O}(10)(v/m_\text{p})^2\ll 1$, where $v$ is the vacuum expectation value associated with string formation. These conclusions are robust for the length-to-width ratios considered, with no indication they should change if the ratio is increased. The results suggest that the GW background from a global string network, such as in dark matter axion scenarios, will be suppressed compared to previous expectations.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. CosmoLattice 2.0

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    CosmoLattice v2.0 extends lattice cosmology simulations with non-minimal scalars, ALP–gauge couplings, defect networks, low-storage RK integrators, optimized GWs, and O(10) GPU speedups.

  2. The art of simulating the early Universe. Part III: Scalar-Gauge-Fluid Dynamics

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

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  3. Cosmic string gravitational wave backgrounds at LISA: II. Reconstruction of conventional signals over astrophysical foregrounds

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    When realistic astrophysical foregrounds are included, LISA can reconstruct the cosmic-string tension to 10% precision only for Gμ ≳ 10^{-11}, 10^5 times larger than foreground-free forecasts.

  4. Searching Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background Landscape Across Frequency Bands

    gr-qc 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A hybrid cosmic string–domain wall model can fit the NANOGrav 15-year signal, and its high-frequency tail lies within LISA's projected reach, making the interpretation testable.

  5. Cosmic string gravitational wave backgrounds at LISA: I. Signal survey, template reconstruction, and model comparison

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

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  6. Gravitational wave and dark matter from Axion-Higgs string

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Lattice simulations show axion and axion-Higgs strings produce gravitational waves too weak for current pulsar timing arrays once dark matter overproduction is taken into account.

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