Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 31 of 31 outbound references and 55 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.18585.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.18585 v2

Coverage vector

measured 31 of 31 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.015239Z

measured 86 of 86 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 55 of 55 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T06:04:14.514628Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

31 of 31 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy8
unresolved22
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

0
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation df689823-d146-4f7f-aa9e-9af02e2ab968 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs write newline

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.462247Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0cee5ad9-f3b9-4a76-bc3c-f1e0e28a6b64 · outbound

This paper cites Phd knowledge not required: A reasoning challenge for large language models.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Phd knowledge not required: A reasoning challenge for large language models

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.468103Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e98627ac-f0b4-460f-95e1-83603904f22c · outbound

This paper cites Training language models to reason efficiently.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Training language models to reason efficiently

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.473526Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 346ac0a0-afd6-411c-9273-ced0e523b7f8 · outbound

This paper cites Multimodal Structured Generation: CVPR's 2nd MMFM Challenge Technical Report.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Multimodal Structured Generation: CVPR's 2nd MMFM Challenge Technical Report

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.257713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation dc33ae71-48be-47de-9265-900cd5e0c2c8 · outbound

This paper cites Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Deepseek-r1: Incentivizing reasoning capability in llms via reinforcement learning

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.532883Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ae46ce3-88b1-48dd-8f7b-5f7fb626dbef · outbound

This paper cites Improving minimum bayes risk decoding with multi-prompt.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Improving minimum bayes risk decoding with multi-prompt

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.640069Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2e464694-c2d9-4d50-89d9-f30e44906c8c · outbound

This paper cites Measuring mathematical problem solving with the MATH dataset.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Measuring mathematical problem solving with the MATH dataset

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.742812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f687658b-4783-47a3-a00e-af796f6ce0d6 · outbound

This paper cites Montreal neural machine translation systems for wmt’15.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Montreal neural machine translation systems for wmt’15

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.999876Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 155d06ff-2cdb-4c2a-a66d-468b4cff7b26 · outbound

This paper cites Args: Alignment as reward-guided search.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Args: Alignment as reward-guided search

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.846104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 60e85036-c421-4451-ab38-4a408a371d7b · outbound

This paper cites Kimi k1.5: Scaling reinforcement learning with llms.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Kimi k1.5: Scaling reinforcement learning with llms

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.944189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 1e63eeca-dc4b-47dd-b448-46a5c25cc402 · outbound

This paper cites Six challenges for neural machine translation.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Six challenges for neural machine translation

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.928610Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation baeb21ea-32d5-4a19-987b-6dd7f0c1a953 · outbound

This paper cites Making language models better reasoners with step-aware verifier.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Making language models better reasoners with step-aware verifier

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.914931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fe85b898-8949-4e7a-aa54-114bbdec07eb · outbound

This paper cites Let's verify step by step.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Let's verify step by step

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.920087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e6db5c5f-55f7-43a4-af06-fde053e68fe0 · outbound

This paper cites Aime problems and solutions.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Aime problems and solutions

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.895994Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3fcd58a3-3021-4ec5-9d6e-baf8cf7ffc4a · outbound

This paper cites s1: Simple test-time scaling.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs s1: Simple test-time scaling

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.930507Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c7bf795f-c475-4691-8ab5-a825ec414487 · outbound

This paper cites Correcting length bias in neural machine translation.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Correcting length bias in neural machine translation

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.877979Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8c96f7f2-aa41-4a0f-afc5-bb60c01e5a1e · outbound

This paper cites Learning to reason with llms.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Learning to reason with llms

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.941336Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f46f76ef-39c5-4fdc-9ecc-dba856ec9c3c · outbound

This paper cites Let's Think Dot by Dot: Hidden Computation in Transformer Language Models.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Let's Think Dot by Dot: Hidden Computation in Transformer Language Models

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.946035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1a242757-ac17-4135-b8e5-6ac21a8bc663 · outbound

This paper cites Qwq: Reflect deeply on the boundaries of the unknown, November 2024.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Qwq: Reflect deeply on the boundaries of the unknown, November 2024

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.951230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0cfdc508-8c5e-48ac-af35-51c2196aa46a · outbound

This paper cites GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.956484Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5a099010-2220-4fb8-bc14-ee2df7da7abd · outbound

This paper cites Get to the point: Summarization with pointer-generator networks.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Get to the point: Summarization with pointer-generator networks

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.837957Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 91eefb13-b026-4e67-bb60-b97a4dd92555 · outbound

This paper cites Modeling coverage for neural machine translation.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Modeling coverage for neural machine translation

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.820289Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8d08066f-8c32-4175-aadb-227234a4a1e8 · outbound

This paper cites Neural machine translation with reconstruction.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Neural machine translation with reconstruction

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.805199Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4a8e7728-2c68-42b0-883a-f5392df94db4 · outbound

This paper cites Chi, Sharan Narang, Aakanksha Chowdhery, and Denny Zhou.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Chi, Sharan Narang, Aakanksha Chowdhery, and Denny Zhou

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.975163Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dac93af1-5337-4604-8517-8a74ae8c02bb · outbound

This paper cites Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Chain-of-thought prompting elicits reasoning in large language models

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.984063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 565a9be8-8fed-4b07-9a50-0097e79935ba · outbound

This paper cites Better Instruction-Following Through Minimum Bayes Risk.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Better Instruction-Following Through Minimum Bayes Risk

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.989399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cab398a7-a96d-4353-8931-68902974348b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.763608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5b01ea52-c767-4e6c-8d65-205ea98869a1 · outbound

This paper cites When More is Less: Understanding Chain-of-Thought Length in LLMs.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs When More is Less: Understanding Chain-of-Thought Length in LLMs

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:23.999177Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 46e046e1-0b93-4ebf-bfbd-1c9ad06fe9a3 · outbound

This paper cites @esa (Ref.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs @esa (Ref

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.005276Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 342c19fe-89e1-4d87-89ef-881d03970539 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.010203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cad152ea-f127-4ad2-abcc-8f618898fe14 · outbound

This paper cites Do NOT Think That Much for 2+3=? On the Overthinking of o1-Like LLMs.

Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs Do NOT Think That Much for 2+3=? On the Overthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T22:58:24.015239Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation c1ca1916-90d6-425e-9400-bf4524171c3a · inbound

L1: Controlling How Long A Reasoning Model Thinks With Reinforcement Learning cites this paper.

L1: Controlling How Long A Reasoning Model Thinks With Reinforcement Learning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 19

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T00:19:22.271647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 1ce53576-c18e-4084-9cfa-4c77db04e93f · inbound

OpenCodeReasoning: Advancing Data Distillation for Competitive Coding cites this paper.

OpenCodeReasoning: Advancing Data Distillation for Competitive Coding Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 22

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T19:21:42.179291Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 16b13ffb-070e-4886-8b05-98089c6139d2 · inbound

A Survey of Scaling in Large Language Model Reasoning cites this paper.

A Survey of Scaling in Large Language Model Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 213

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T21:22:09.427634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation df0345db-cf64-4aab-a358-bd463743294f · inbound

SPC: Evolving Self-Play Critic via Adversarial Games for LLM Reasoning cites this paper.

SPC: Evolving Self-Play Critic via Adversarial Games for LLM Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T06:04:14.514628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c9585319-c872-4a0d-a53f-78748926bcc4 · inbound

DialogueReason: Rule-Based RL Sparks Dialogue Reasoning in LLMs cites this paper.

DialogueReason: Rule-Based RL Sparks Dialogue Reasoning in LLMs Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:29:45.414241Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1abcca14-fdfd-4358-aa5f-a7c0a848bebe · inbound

Reasoning with OmniThought: A Large CoT Dataset with Verbosity and Cognitive Difficulty Annotations cites this paper.

Reasoning with OmniThought: A Large CoT Dataset with Verbosity and Cognitive Difficulty Annotations Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:08.157242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2b493136-f030-405e-9e63-07ef4dafd25f · inbound

Self-Reasoning Language Models: Unfold Hidden Reasoning Chains with Few Reasoning Catalyst cites this paper.

Self-Reasoning Language Models: Unfold Hidden Reasoning Chains with Few Reasoning Catalyst Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:42:22.738560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c0db09e6-e810-44d4-abf1-02bfcfc35d30 · inbound

Two Experts Are All You Need for Steering Thinking: Reinforcing Cognitive Effort in MoE Reasoning Models Without Additional Training cites this paper.

Two Experts Are All You Need for Steering Thinking: Reinforcing Cognitive Effort in MoE Reasoning Models Without Additional Training Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:36:06.109851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b6f8b0d4-7ab8-4cd1-8299-3f881701ac04 · inbound

Are Large Language Models Reliable AI Scientists? Assessing Reverse-Engineering of Black-Box Systems cites this paper.

Are Large Language Models Reliable AI Scientists? Assessing Reverse-Engineering of Black-Box Systems Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:40:38.414916Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4fc7de80-569c-4865-9f02-3751b968a9cb · inbound

First Finish Search: Efficient Test-Time Scaling in Large Language Models cites this paper.

First Finish Search: Efficient Test-Time Scaling in Large Language Models Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:40:42.304124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 347f68ce-03c9-4f35-8822-8f0f3d30ee45 · inbound

What Makes a Good Reasoning Chain? Uncovering Structural Patterns in Long Chain-of-Thought Reasoning cites this paper.

What Makes a Good Reasoning Chain? Uncovering Structural Patterns in Long Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:20:13.072510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 62524ee9-31ba-4b0c-8ff7-55363b19f075 · inbound

AlphaOne: Reasoning Models Thinking Slow and Fast at Test Time cites this paper.

AlphaOne: Reasoning Models Thinking Slow and Fast at Test Time Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 65

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:35:45.024969Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 818b7f98-d39d-4f83-a94e-12c3116d8408 · inbound

Control-R: Towards controllable test-time scaling cites this paper.

Control-R: Towards controllable test-time scaling Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:14:21.099005Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f37b2ca-202f-4c65-a786-0e39b2586b8f · inbound

One Missing Piece for Open-Source Reasoning Models: A Dataset to Mitigate Cold-Starting Short CoT LLMs in RL cites this paper.

One Missing Piece for Open-Source Reasoning Models: A Dataset to Mitigate Cold-Starting Short CoT LLMs in RL Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:30:40.358899Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ae340cfc-0fb0-4e3f-b81e-e73d7c2f251c · inbound

ReasoningFlow: Semantic Structure of Complex Reasoning Traces cites this paper.

ReasoningFlow: Semantic Structure of Complex Reasoning Traces Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:25:51.719097Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 02cac6bf-36c2-461b-b13f-783b4d571ac2 · inbound

EPiC: Towards Lossless Speedup for Reasoning Training through Edge-Preserving CoT Condensation cites this paper.

EPiC: Towards Lossless Speedup for Reasoning Training through Edge-Preserving CoT Condensation Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:52:49.599042Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation efaa6c35-3461-45d9-8c86-d68e68440617 · inbound

Sample Complexity and Representation Ability of Test-time Scaling Paradigms cites this paper.

Sample Complexity and Representation Ability of Test-time Scaling Paradigms Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 85

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:35:39.099727Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 76841248-9d69-4b5e-b366-47d44e28e2b8 · inbound

Unlocking Recursive Thinking of LLMs: Alignment via Refinement cites this paper.

Unlocking Recursive Thinking of LLMs: Alignment via Refinement Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T06:07:02.104060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9ab04672-346d-4d5f-9acc-3ac96ce57346 · inbound

Overclocking LLM Reasoning: Monitoring and Controlling Thinking Path Lengths in LLMs cites this paper.

Overclocking LLM Reasoning: Monitoring and Controlling Thinking Path Lengths in LLMs Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:45:05.947519Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5071db1e-a347-4308-b909-6cc07d7a0e06 · inbound

A Survey on Large Language Models for Mathematical Reasoning cites this paper.

A Survey on Large Language Models for Mathematical Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 89

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:14:47.493623Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 18dac5ce-0d04-446d-9fa6-7808f1a8d6e6 · inbound

Atomic-to-Compositional Generalization for Mobile Agents with A New Benchmark and Scheduling System cites this paper.

Atomic-to-Compositional Generalization for Mobile Agents with A New Benchmark and Scheduling System Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:04:05.615825Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation db5ace98-dfbb-46c7-bbb7-d387d65e5643 · inbound

Efficient Reasoning Through Suppression of Self-Affirmation Reflections in Large Reasoning Models cites this paper.

Efficient Reasoning Through Suppression of Self-Affirmation Reflections in Large Reasoning Models Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:57:02.795577Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 410d4bae-04aa-4806-92f5-e0260bd428de · inbound

QFFT, Question-Free Fine-Tuning for Adaptive Reasoning cites this paper.

QFFT, Question-Free Fine-Tuning for Adaptive Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:13:19.506091Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 89a71b8c-33e4-4b5d-9d37-483a6a3c2083 · inbound

Excessive Reasoning Attack on Reasoning LLMs cites this paper.

Excessive Reasoning Attack on Reasoning LLMs Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:23:39.676722Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c448b801-d684-4c19-b4ec-2641f31f6878 · inbound

AdapThink: Adaptive Thinking Preferences for Reasoning Language Model cites this paper.

AdapThink: Adaptive Thinking Preferences for Reasoning Language Model Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T23:28:40.224745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f8962d96-f2f8-48e6-81d6-47e40e7fa886 · inbound

Towards Understanding the Cognitive Habits of Large Reasoning Models cites this paper.

Towards Understanding the Cognitive Habits of Large Reasoning Models Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:07:58.496937Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3dfce824-a629-46ca-9da1-2e4a08c2e132 · inbound

Do Thinking Tokens Help or Trap? Towards More Efficient Large Reasoning Model cites this paper.

Do Thinking Tokens Help or Trap? Towards More Efficient Large Reasoning Model Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T21:45:10.787149Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0fd5dae3-0522-43a6-ac4b-fe8238e94796 · inbound

Large Reasoning Models are not thinking straight: on the unreliability of thinking trajectories cites this paper.

Large Reasoning Models are not thinking straight: on the unreliability of thinking trajectories Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T21:13:13.046279Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 013342ee-dd4c-4b41-96c8-ed271109e856 · inbound

HCNQA: Enhancing 3D VQA with Hierarchical Concentration Narrowing Supervision cites this paper.

HCNQA: Enhancing 3D VQA with Hierarchical Concentration Narrowing Supervision Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T20:46:00.202834Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 819b88e1-36a6-48b4-9ffe-d6c54456a1a6 · inbound

NaturalThoughts: Selecting and Distilling Reasoning Traces for General Reasoning Tasks cites this paper.

NaturalThoughts: Selecting and Distilling Reasoning Traces for General Reasoning Tasks Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T20:43:25.974047Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a031feb2-6343-424f-a645-7b04a53d4087 · inbound

Reasoning on a Budget: A Survey of Adaptive and Controllable Test-Time Compute in LLMs cites this paper.

Reasoning on a Budget: A Survey of Adaptive and Controllable Test-Time Compute in LLMs Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T20:43:10.721707Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 84f613c9-adcc-454d-bb6a-7d2b9e7735c4 · inbound

Activation Steering for Chain-of-Thought Compression cites this paper.

Activation Steering for Chain-of-Thought Compression Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:46:48.487783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4ca91113-fe53-4d02-939c-42191714b6a7 · inbound

Adaptive Termination for Multi-round Parallel Reasoning: An Universal Semantic Entropy-Guided Framework cites this paper.

Adaptive Termination for Multi-round Parallel Reasoning: An Universal Semantic Entropy-Guided Framework Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:42.795443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation be162794-7d48-431a-a5ed-730b9dd3f5e5 · inbound

OpenCodeReasoning-II: A Simple Test Time Scaling Approach via Self-Critique cites this paper.

OpenCodeReasoning-II: A Simple Test Time Scaling Approach via Self-Critique Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:11:19.140195Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df5bbf48-696d-48e1-ad0a-e5f70cfe8bd2 · inbound

REST: Stress Testing Large Reasoning Models by Asking Multiple Problems at Once cites this paper.

REST: Stress Testing Large Reasoning Models by Asking Multiple Problems at Once Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T17:35:31.681214Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 862812bc-f356-4f09-840b-3bab5c256cfe · inbound

It's Not That Simple. An Analysis of Simple Test-Time Scaling cites this paper.

It's Not That Simple. An Analysis of Simple Test-Time Scaling Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:09:06.009237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e228e5ed-4276-4971-b943-3801b8bf9c36 · inbound

LAPO: Internalizing Reasoning Efficiency via Length-Adaptive Policy Optimization cites this paper.

LAPO: Internalizing Reasoning Efficiency via Length-Adaptive Policy Optimization Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 2022

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:29:43.738162Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 16d1b131-1cad-4ef3-af57-de8cd3b37a28 · inbound

Reconsidering Overthinking: Penalizing Internal and External Redundancy in CoT Reasoning cites this paper.

Reconsidering Overthinking: Penalizing Internal and External Redundancy in CoT Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:14:37.252378Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8858b52a-37b7-43a8-8586-e097cd95e7ea · inbound

Failure Cases Are Better Learned But Boundary Says Sorry: Facilitating Smooth Perception Change for Accuracy-Robustness Trade-Off in Adversarial Training cites this paper.

Failure Cases Are Better Learned But Boundary Says Sorry: Facilitating Smooth Perception Change for Accuracy-Robustness Trade-Off in Adversarial Training Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:08:10.807715Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation efbf2d0c-a6d7-42af-9ff6-1ba1fa900137 · inbound

A Comprehensive Survey on Trustworthiness in Reasoning with Large Language Models cites this paper.

A Comprehensive Survey on Trustworthiness in Reasoning with Large Language Models Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 199

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T10:39:07.434982Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b7423783-3728-459f-b13b-7afe4f5b43c7 · inbound

From Long to Short: LLMs Excel at Trimming Own Reasoning Chains cites this paper.

From Long to Short: LLMs Excel at Trimming Own Reasoning Chains Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T00:04:02.000470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cc9b02d1-103f-40fb-ad47-c20ca44699a8 · inbound

Controllable LLM Reasoning via Sparse Autoencoder-Based Steering cites this paper.

Controllable LLM Reasoning via Sparse Autoencoder-Based Steering Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T12:21:00.941884Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fba77e2f-f37f-4cff-a88c-76ec1fe3b22b · inbound

CAM: A Causality-based Analysis Framework for Multi-Agent Code Generation Systems cites this paper.

CAM: A Causality-based Analysis Framework for Multi-Agent Code Generation Systems Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T05:31:40.145833Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4b1d8c62-0939-46ca-8b88-4c06223128c4 · inbound

Decodable but Not Corrected by Fixed Residual-Stream Linear Steering: Evidence from Medical LLM Failure Regimes cites this paper.

Decodable but Not Corrected by Fixed Residual-Stream Linear Steering: Evidence from Medical LLM Failure Regimes Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 70

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T19:31:10.681902Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 055da550-b1f6-4eef-91dd-a17c0e9136f5 · inbound

STOP: Structured On-Policy Pruning of Long-Form Reasoning in Low-Data Regimes cites this paper.

STOP: Structured On-Policy Pruning of Long-Form Reasoning in Low-Data Regimes Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 70

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T19:27:52.091069Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bec559f3-81d6-4721-9079-f8adf5b6f043 · inbound

Hilbert-Geo: Solving Solid Geometric Problems by Neural-Symbolic Reasoning cites this paper.

Hilbert-Geo: Solving Solid Geometric Problems by Neural-Symbolic Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T22:54:09.624281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d3a09fb8-91de-4e93-8218-508a8273375e · inbound

Hilbert-Geo: Solving Solid Geometric Problems by Neural-Symbolic Reasoning cites this paper.

Hilbert-Geo: Solving Solid Geometric Problems by Neural-Symbolic Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T22:45:07.204877Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b1ff0663-24b1-4806-98f0-d4e265ece276 · inbound

PathCal: State-Aware Reflection-Marker Calibration for Efficient Reasoning cites this paper.

PathCal: State-Aware Reflection-Marker Calibration for Efficient Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 60

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-25T05:25:23.716859Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 24b7c06b-859c-4b0e-ab82-3b3bd500b236 · inbound

Do LLMs Build World Models From Text? A Multilingual Diagnostic of Spatial Reasoning cites this paper.

Do LLMs Build World Models From Text? A Multilingual Diagnostic of Spatial Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 58

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T12:03:23.704157Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ece1afe0-4737-489b-b4ee-4636b0bf1063 · inbound

The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes cites this paper.

The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 248

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T05:57:41.556657Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3a16201a-63d9-48dc-9871-63fe26013065 · inbound

SuCo: Sufficiency-guided Continuous Adaptive Reasoning cites this paper.

SuCo: Sufficiency-guided Continuous Adaptive Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 87

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T21:08:58.565977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 6e37a9de-f2bf-488c-ad8c-b2458d6de9d8 · inbound

Addressing Over-Refusal in LLMs with Competing Rewards cites this paper.

Addressing Over-Refusal in LLMs with Competing Rewards Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 13

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T07:05:29.280514Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation abab6172-4711-4ee2-ae87-abe4c3fad19c · inbound

Know When to Stop: Segment-Level Credit Assignment for Reducing Overthinking cites this paper.

Know When to Stop: Segment-Level Credit Assignment for Reducing Overthinking Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 84

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T13:36:58.577286Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 11e8be67-a942-48b9-8974-27573077a593 · inbound

CAT: Confidence-Adaptive Thinking for Efficient Reasoning of Large Reasoning Models cites this paper.

CAT: Confidence-Adaptive Thinking for Efficient Reasoning of Large Reasoning Models Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 29

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T13:26:58.109980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2bd2aeb4-b9d2-4763-afb8-2cc0dfc57358 · inbound

CUSUM-Shaped Inference-Time Monitoring and Targeted Re-Decoding for Quantized Small Language Model Reasoning cites this paper.

CUSUM-Shaped Inference-Time Monitoring and Targeted Re-Decoding for Quantized Small Language Model Reasoning Thoughts Are All Over the Place: On the Underthinking of o1-Like LLMs

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T10:48:09.743438Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.