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CASBI -- Chemical Abundance Simulation-Based Inference for Galactic Archeology

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arxiv 2411.17269 v1 pith:Z4PQ3DSC submitted 2024-11-26 astro-ph.GA

CASBI -- Chemical Abundance Simulation-Based Inference for Galactic Archeology

classification astro-ph.GA
keywords galaxiesinferencecasbistellarchemicalpropertiesabundancehistory
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Galaxies evolve hierarchically through merging with lower-mass systems and the remnants of destroyed galaxies are a key indicator of the past assembly history of our Galaxy. However, accurately measuring the properties of the accreted galaxies and hence unraveling the Milky Way's (MW) formation history is a challenging task. Here we introduce CASBI (Chemical Abundance Simulation Based Inference), a novel inference pipeline for Galactic Archeology based on Simulation-based Inference methods. CASBI leverages on the fact that there is a well defined mass-metallicity relation for galaxies and performs inference of key galaxy properties based on multi-dimensional chemical abundances of stars in the stellar halo. Hence, we recast the problem of unraveling the merger history of the MW into a SBI problem to recover the properties of the building blocks (e.g. total stellar mass and infall time) using the multi-dimensional chemical abundances of stars in the stellar halo as observable. With CASBI we are able to recover the full posterior probability of properties of building blocks of Milky Way like galaxies. We highlight CASBI's potential by inferring posteriors for the stellar masses of completely phase mixed dwarf galaxies solely from the 2d-distributions of stellar abundance in the iron vs. oxygen plane and find accurate and precise inference results.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

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  1. Hierarchical Bayesian inference with compositional score modeling for stellar streams

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Combining three stellar streams and the rotation curve with compositional score modeling yields a posterior for the Milky Way potential—mildly oblate inner halo—but the underlying simulator fails a misspecification test.

  2. Amortized Simulation-Based Inference of Colliding-Wind Binaries from Short, Noisy Image Time Series

    astro-ph.SR 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Amortized SBI with spatio-temporal embeddings infers seven CWB parameters from 10-frame Hα time series with well-calibrated posteriors on synthetic data.

  3. Amortized Simulation-Based Inference of Colliding-Wind Binaries from Short, Noisy Image Time Series

    astro-ph.SR 2026-06 conditional novelty 6.0

    A neural spline-flow posterior estimator with a factorized spatio-temporal encoder recovers mass-loss rates and orbital parameters of colliding-wind binaries from 10-frame synthetic Hα photon-count time series.