Modelling optimal implementation of an arbitrary N-qubit quantum gate within the generalized Bloch vectors formalism

The optimal implementation of quantum gates for closed $N$-qubit systems is one of the key challenges for practical realization of many quantum information processing tasks. In the present article, based on the generalized Bloch vectors formalism [\emph{J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.} 54, 195301 (2021)] for a finite-dimensional quantum system, we develop a new general model for the optimal quantum gates implementation, which is formulated in terms of the Bloch vectors for the unitary evolution operator and the system Hamiltonians, drift and control, and has the unified form applicable for the implementation of an arbitrary $N$-qubit gate within any closed $N$-qubit system satisfying the controllability conditions. Within the developed optimal model, the cost functional has both the terminal part and also, the integral part with the special scaling, and this allows us to specify the quantum optimal control synthesis via solving the two-point boundary value problem (BVP) for the system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which can be explored numerically by any of the known BVP solvers for ODEs. The numerical experiments, conducted for the implementation within the developed optimal model of a variety of $N=1,2,3$ qubit gates, demonstrate the high accuracy of the model-based results.