Strong field limit analysis of gravitational retro-lensing

Diego F. Torres; Ernesto F. Eiroa

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Strong field limit analysis of gravitational retro-lensing

Ernesto F. Eiroa, Diego F. Torres

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Submitted 4 Nov 2003

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We present a complete treatment in the strong field limit of gravitational retro-lensing by a static spherically symmetric compact object having a photon sphere.

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.05 · states limitation 0.09 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.45 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.05 · compares with prior results 0.94 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

We present a complete treatment in the strong field limit of gravitational retro-lensing by a static spherically symmetric compact object having a photon sphere. The results are compared with those corresponding to ordinary lensing in similar strong field situations. As examples of application of the formalism, a supermassive black hole at the galactic center and a stellar mass black hole in the galactic halo are studied as retro-lenses, in both cases using the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom geometries.

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What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We present a complete treatment in the strong field limit of gravitational retro-lensing by a static spherically symmetric compact object having a photon sphere.	contribution 1.00	0.94	0.20	asserted 0.99
s1	The results are compared with those corresponding to ordinary lensing in similar strong field situations.	method 0.53	0.71	0.07	asserted 0.88
s2	As examples of application of the formalism, a supermassive black hole at the galactic center and a stellar mass black hole in the galactic halo are studied as retro-lenses, in both cases using the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom geometries.	contribution 0.81	0.89	0.08	asserted 0.98

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.93 · evidence from proof or derivation 1.00.

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arXiv listing abstract v2

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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

We present a complete treatment in the strong field limit of gravitational retro-lensing by a static spherically symmetric compact object having a photon sphere. The results are compared with those corresponding to ordinary lensing in similar strong field situations. As examples of application of the formalism, a supermassive black hole at the galactic center and a stellar mass black hole in the galactic halo are studied as retro-lenses, in both cases using the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom geometries.

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References

Forward citations

Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Strong gravitational lensing effects around rotating regular black holes
gr-qc 2024-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

Strong lensing by rotating regular black holes shifts lensing coefficients, image positions, magnifications, and time delays relative to Kerr, with M87* time delays differing by up to tens of hours while image positio...
Gravitational Lensing from a Spacetime Perspective
gr-qc 2010-10 accept novelty 3.0 of 10

A review recasts gravitational lensing entirely in terms of lightlike geodesics of a Lorentzian metric, gathering the exact equations for image position, shape, and brightness together with general theorems on caustic...

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12 arXiv papers cite this in 15 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 7 sentences without a confident label

Uses its method or tool 1 paper

Therefore, we attempt to approximate the apparent angle as was done in Refs. [ref] .

Gravitational lensing of massive particles in Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetime · Lightlike ray lensing · 0.93

Compares with it 1 paper

However, as expected, the lensing potential derived above, gives rise to a deflection angle, which in the geometric optics regime, matches with the weak field limit of the strong field calculations presented in [ref] (see Appendix [ref]).

Probing charge of compact objects with gravitational microlensing of gravitational waves · Lensing magnification by a charged black hole · 0.99

Cites it as background 5 papers

In astrophysics, the rings with $n ≥1$ are often called photon rings [ref] , or the rings with $n=1$ and $n ≥2$ are called that $n=1$ photon ring and higher-order photon rings [ref] , respectively[ In gravitational lensing in a strong gravitational field, retrolensing images ($n=1$) [ref] and relativistic images ($n=2$) [ref] are also used.].

Constraints on the black-hole charges of M87* and Sagittarius A* by changing rates of photon spheres can be relaxed · Introduction · 0.84
Strong deflection lensings by static and symmetric black holes [ref] and rotating black holes [ref] are widely studied and they can be used to discriminate black holes [ref] , naked singularities [ref] and wormholes [ref] as well as test gravity [ref] and its fundamental interaction with electromagnetic field [ref] .

Weak and strong deflection gravitational lensings by a charged Horndeski black hole · Introduction · 0.88
Plenty works have done on the strong field lensings by a Schwarzchild black hole [ref] , by static and spherically symmetric spacetimes [ref] , by a Kerr black hole [ref] and by a Kerr black hole in the presence of the cosmological constant [ref] and electrically charge [ref] .

Strong field gravitational lensing by a charged Galileon black hole · Introduction · 0.97

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