The abundance of relativistic axions in a flaton model of Peccei-Quinn symmetry

David H. Lyth; Denis Comelli; Eung Jin Chun

RECORD

The abundance of relativistic axions in a flaton model of Peccei-Quinn symmetry

Eung Jin Chun, Denis Comelli, David H. Lyth

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 14 Aug 2000

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim The DFSZ case is allowed in a significant region of parameter space, and will provide a possible explanation for any future detection of nonzero $\delta N_\nu$.

how it is stated · hedged possibility 0.85 read the record →

Comment (0) Read on arXiv ↗

Cite ▾

arXiv IDhep-ph/0008133 (version 1)

Pith IDNRIPCV4B, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review

CitationDavid H. Lyth, Denis Comelli, Eung Jin Chun. "The abundance of relativistic axions in a flaton model of Peccei-Quinn symmetry." arXiv:hep-ph/0008133 (2000). https://pith.science/paper/NRIPCV4B

Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Open the compiled record

Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 7,667 input tokens, $0.0003 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.63 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.11 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.92 · compares with prior results 0.42 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

Flaton models of Peccei-Quinn symmetry have good particle physics motivation, and are likely to cause thermal inflation leading to a well-defined cosmology. They can solve the $\mu$ problem, and generate viable neutrino masses. Canonical flaton models predict an axion decay constant F_a of order 10^{10} GeV and generic flaton models give F_a of order 10^9 GeV as required by observation. The axion is a good candidate for cold dark matter in all cases, because its density is diluted by flaton decay if F_a is bigger than 10^{12} GeV. In addition to the dark matter axions, a population of relativistic axions is produced by flaton decay, which at nucleosynthesis is equivalent to some number \delta N_\nu of extra neutrino species. Focussing on the canonical model, containing three flaton particles and two flatinos, we evaluate all of the flaton-flatino-axion interactions and the corresponding axionic decay rates. They are compared with the dominant hadronic decay rates, for both DFSZ and KSVZ models. These formulas provide the basis for a precise calculation of the equivalent \delta N_\nu in terms of the parameters (masses and couplings). The KSVZ case is probably already ruled out by the existing bound \delta N_\nu\lsim 1. The DFSZ case is allowed in a significant region of parameter space, and will provide a possible explanation for any future detection of nonzero $\delta N_\nu$.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	Flaton models of Peccei-Quinn symmetry have good particle physics motivation, and are likely to cause thermal inflation leading to a well-defined cosmology.	background 1.00	0.08	0.04	hedged possibility 0.95
s1	They can solve the $\mu$ problem, and generate viable neutrino masses.	background 0.97	0.08	0.03	hedged possibility 0.88
s2	Canonical flaton models predict an axion decay constant F_a of order 10^{10} GeV and generic flaton models give F_a of order 10^9 GeV as required by observation.	background 0.81	0.17	0.06	asserted 0.99
s3	The axion is a good candidate for cold dark matter in all cases, because its density is diluted by flaton decay if F_a is bigger than 10^{12} GeV.	background 0.50	0.17	0.07	asserted 0.97
s4	In addition to the dark matter axions, a population of relativistic axions is produced by flaton decay, which at nucleosynthesis is equivalent to some number \delta N_\nu of extra neutrino species.	contribution 0.36	0.28	0.12	asserted 1.00
s5	Focussing on the canonical model, containing three flaton particles and two flatinos, we evaluate all of the flaton-flatino-axion interactions and the corresponding axionic decay rates.	method 0.68	0.93	0.04	asserted 0.98
s6	They are compared with the dominant hadronic decay rates, for both DFSZ and KSVZ models.	method 0.91	0.80	0.03	asserted 0.95
s7	These formulas provide the basis for a precise calculation of the equivalent \delta N_\nu in terms of the parameters (masses and couplings).	method 0.58	0.81	0.08	asserted 1.00
s8	The KSVZ case is probably already ruled out by the existing bound \delta N_\nu\lsim 1.	result 0.66	0.47	0.19	hedged possibility 0.97
s9	The DFSZ case is allowed in a significant region of parameter space, and will provide a possible explanation for any future detection of nonzero $\delta N_\nu$.	interpretation 0.82	0.67	0.38	hedged possibility 0.85

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.99.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read

arXiv listing abstract v1

not examined

full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

levels run

P abstract

not run

S sections
T body sentences
C citations
R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

Flaton models of Peccei-Quinn symmetry have good particle physics motivation, and are likely to cause thermal inflation leading to a well-defined cosmology. They can solve the $\mu$ problem, and generate viable neutrino masses. Canonical flaton models predict an axion decay constant F_a of order 10^{10} GeV and generic flaton models give F_a of order 10^9 GeV as required by observation. The axion is a good candidate for cold dark matter in all cases, because its density is diluted by flaton decay if F_a is bigger than 10^{12} GeV. In addition to the dark matter axions, a population of relativistic axions is produced by flaton decay, which at nucleosynthesis is equivalent to some number \delta N_\nu of extra neutrino species. Focussing on the canonical model, containing three flaton particles and two flatinos, we evaluate all of the flaton-flatino-axion interactions and the corresponding axionic decay rates. They are compared with the dominant hadronic decay rates, for both DFSZ and KSVZ models. These formulas provide the basis for a precise calculation of the equivalent \delta N_\nu in terms of the parameters (masses and couplings). The KSVZ case is probably already ruled out by the existing bound \delta N_\nu\lsim 1. The DFSZ case is allowed in a significant region of parameter space, and will provide a possible explanation for any future detection of nonzero $\delta N_\nu$.

Human review

How Pith checks papers → · Full audit of this paper →

References

Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Saxion Decay and Dark Radiation in the KSVZ Axion Model
hep-ph 2026-10 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

Saxion decay from a curvature-displaced PQ condensate in the quartic KSVZ model predicts ΔNeff≈0.033 and 0.12, falling about 28-fold for slower curvature release at fixed quartic coupling.
Dynamics of oscillating scalar field in thermal environment
hep-ph 2012-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

A coherently oscillating scalar coupled to a thermal bath has its evolution and final abundance reshaped by thermal mass and thermal-log potentials, dissipation, preheating, and oscillon formation, with the dominant e...
Moduli-Induced Axion Problem
hep-ph 2013-04 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

Light moduli stabilized by SUSY breaking decay mainly into ultralight axions, and the resulting dark radiation violates Planck bounds even when the modulus is heavier than 10 TeV.
Dark radiation from particle decay: cosmological constraints and opportunities
hep-ph 2012-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

Particle decay can produce the universe's dark radiation, and the resulting constraints on decay time, mass hierarchy, and branching ratios are derived as model-independent functions that also allow one decay to suppl...
Axions : Theory and Cosmological Role
hep-ph 2013-01 accept novelty 2.0 of 10

A 2013 review concluding that if the Peccei-Quinn symmetry broke after inflation, cold axions radiated by cosmic strings and domain walls cap the axion decay constant near 2 to 4 times 10^10 GeV.

How the literature uses it

5 arXiv papers cite this in 11 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 7 sentences without a confident label

Compares with it 1 paper

Our model, though simpler, has much in common with the multi-field thermal inflation axion models studied in Refs. [ref] , and our baryogenesis scenario would probably work in those models too, but there are at least two important differences.

Thermal inflation, baryogenesis and axions · Comparison with multi-field thermal inflation axion models · 0.98

Cites it as background 3 papers

Various explanations for $Δ∼1$ have been explored in the literature invoking, e.g., light sterile neutrinos [ref] , other light species [ref] , neutrino asymmetries [ref] , or decays of heavy particles [ref] .

Dark radiation and dark matter in supersymmetric axion models with high reheating temperature · Introduction · 0.97
The dynamics of the saxion and its cosmological implications were discussed in Refs. [ref] .

Dynamics of oscillating scalar field in thermal environment · Peccei-Quinn scalar · 0.96
(Thermal inflation in the context of PQ symmetry breaking was discussed in Refs. [ref] .) All the dangerous relics such as the gravitino and axino are diluted away.

Peccei-Quinn extended gauge-mediation model with vector-like matter · The saxion trapped at the origin · 0.84

Discussion

Know something about this paper? Leave a comment, or highlight any passage above to comment on it.