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Three-Neutrino Oscillations of Atmospheric Neutrinos, theta13, Neutrino Mass Hierarchy and Iron Magnetized Detectors
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 8 Jun 2004
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim An observation of the Earth matter effects in the Nadir angle distribution of the asymmetry A_{mu- mu+} (ratio Nmu-/Nmu+) would clearly indicate that sin^2(2 theta13)>0.06 and sin^2(theta23)>0.50, and would lead to the determination of the sign of Delta m^2_{31}.
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We derive predictions for the Nadir angle (theta_n) dependence of the ratio Nmu-/Nmu+ of the rates of the mu- and mu+ multi-GeV events, and for the mu- - mu+ event rate asymmetry, A_{mu-mu+}=[Nmu- - Nmu+]/[Nmu- + Nmu+], in iron-magnetized calorimeter detectors (MINOS, INO) in the case of 3-neutrino oscillations of the atmospheric nu_mu and antinu_mu, driven by one neutrino mass squared difference, |Delta m^2_{31}| >> Delta m^2_{21}. The asymmetry A_{mu- mu+} (the ratio Nmu-/Nmu+) is shown to be particularly sensitive to the Earth matter effects in the atmospheric neutrino oscillations, and thus to the values of sin^2(theta13) and sin^2(theta23), theta13 and theta23 being the neutrino mixing angles limited by the CHOOZ and Palo Verde experiments and that responsible for the dominant atmospheric nu_mu -> nu_tau (antinu_mu -> antinu_tau) oscillations. It is also very sensitive to the type of neutrino mass spectrum which can be with normal (Delta m^2_{31}>0) or with inverted (Delta m^2_{31} < 0) hierarchy. We find that for sin^2(theta23)>0.50, sin^2(2 theta13)>0.06 and Delta m^2_{31}=(2-3) 10^{-3} eV^2, the Earth matter effects produce a relative difference between the integrated asymmetries barA_{mu- mu+} and barA^{2nu}_{mu- mu+}$ in the mantle (cos(theta_n)=0.30-0.84) and core (cos(theta_n)=0.84-1.0) bins, which is bigger in absolute value than ~15%, can reach the values of (30-35)%, and thus can be sufficiently large to be observable. The sign of the indicated asymmetry difference is anticorrelated with the sign of Delta m^2_{31}. An observation of the Earth matter effects in the Nadir angle distribution of the asymmetry A_{mu- mu+} (ratio Nmu-/Nmu+) would clearly indicate that sin^2(2 theta13)>0.06 and sin^2(theta23)>0.50, and would lead to the determination of the sign of Delta m^2_{31}.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We derive predictions for the Nadir angle (theta_n) dependence of the ratio Nmu-/Nmu+ of the rates of the mu- and mu+ multi-GeV events, and for the mu- - mu+ event rate asymmetry, A_{mu-mu+}=[Nmu- - Nmu+]/[Nmu- + Nmu+], in iron-magnetized calorimeter detectors (MINOS, INO) in the case of 3-neutrino oscillations of the atmospheric nu_mu and antinu_mu, driven by one neutrino mass squared difference, |Delta m^2_{31}| >> Delta m^2_{21}. | contribution 0.99 | 0.93 | 0.06 | asserted 0.98 |
| s1 | The asymmetry A_{mu- mu+} (the ratio Nmu-/Nmu+) is shown to be particularly sensitive to the Earth matter effects in the atmospheric neutrino oscillations, and thus to the values of sin^2(theta13) and sin^2(theta23), theta13 and theta23 being the neutrino mixing angles limited by the CHOOZ and Palo Verde experiments and that responsible for the dominant atmospheric nu_mu -> nu_tau (antinu_mu -> antinu_tau) oscillations. | result 0.63 | 0.57 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | It is also very sensitive to the type of neutrino mass spectrum which can be with normal (Delta m^2_{31}>0) or with inverted (Delta m^2_{31} < 0) hierarchy. | result 0.55 | 0.21 | 0.07 | asserted 0.89 |
| s3 | We find that for sin^2(theta23)>0.50, sin^2(2 theta13)>0.06 and Delta m^2_{31}=(2-3) 10^{-3} eV^2, the Earth matter effects produce a relative difference between the integrated asymmetries barA_{mu- mu+} and barA^{2nu}_{mu- mu+}$ in the mantle (cos(theta_n)=0.30-0.84) and core (cos(theta_n)=0.84-1.0) bins, which is bigger in absolute value than ~15%, can reach the values of (30-35)%, and thus can be sufficiently large to be observable. | result 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.32 | asserted 0.97 |
| s4 | The sign of the indicated asymmetry difference is anticorrelated with the sign of Delta m^2_{31}. | result 0.99 | 0.85 | 0.09 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | An observation of the Earth matter effects in the Nadir angle distribution of the asymmetry A_{mu- mu+} (ratio Nmu-/Nmu+) would clearly indicate that sin^2(2 theta13)>0.06 and sin^2(theta23)>0.50, and would lead to the determination of the sign of Delta m^2_{31}. | interpretation 0.98 | 0.58 | 0.82 | asserted 0.64 |
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Original abstract
We derive predictions for the Nadir angle (theta_n) dependence of the ratio Nmu-/Nmu+ of the rates of the mu- and mu+ multi-GeV events, and for the mu- - mu+ event rate asymmetry, A_{mu-mu+}=[Nmu- - Nmu+]/[Nmu- + Nmu+], in iron-magnetized calorimeter detectors (MINOS, INO) in the case of 3-neutrino oscillations of the atmospheric nu_mu and antinu_mu, driven by one neutrino mass squared difference, |Delta m^2_{31}| >> Delta m^2_{21}. The asymmetry A_{mu- mu+} (the ratio Nmu-/Nmu+) is shown to be particularly sensitive to the Earth matter effects in the atmospheric neutrino oscillations, and thus to the values of sin^2(theta13) and sin^2(theta23), theta13 and theta23 being the neutrino mixing angles limited by the CHOOZ and Palo Verde experiments and that responsible for the dominant atmospheric nu_mu -> nu_tau (antinu_mu -> antinu_tau) oscillations. It is also very sensitive to the type of neutrino mass spectrum which can be with normal (Delta m^2_{31}>0) or with inverted (Delta m^2_{31} < 0) hierarchy. We find that for sin^2(theta23)>0.50, sin^2(2 theta13)>0.06 and Delta m^2_{31}=(2-3) 10^{-3} eV^2, the Earth matter effects produce a relative difference between the integrated asymmetries barA_{mu- mu+} and barA^{2nu}_{mu- mu+}$ in the mantle (cos(theta_n)=0.30-0.84) and core (cos(theta_n)=0.84-1.0) bins, which is bigger in absolute value than ~15%, can reach the values of (30-35)%, and thus can be sufficiently large to be observable. The sign of the indicated asymmetry difference is anticorrelated with the sign of Delta m^2_{31}. An observation of the Earth matter effects in the Nadir angle distribution of the asymmetry A_{mu- mu+} (ratio Nmu-/Nmu+) would clearly indicate that sin^2(2 theta13)>0.06 and sin^2(theta23)>0.50, and would lead to the determination of the sign of Delta m^2_{31}.
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References
How the literature uses it
6 arXiv papers cite this in 8 sentences
Papers citing it · 4 sentences without a confident label
Cites it as background 3 papers
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These effects are well known and their physics potential in iron-magnetized calorimeter, water-Čerenkov and liquid argon detectors has been thoroughly studied in the literature [ref] .
Exploring the Earth matter effect with atmospheric neutrinos in ice · Introduction · 0.92
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The key element of these experiments is that neutrinos propagate long distances inside the Earth before reaching detectors, and therefore a careful analysis of the Earth matter effects on neutrino oscillations is necessary (see, , references in [ref] as well as Refs. [ref] ).
Neutrino oscillograms of the Earth: effects of 1-2 mixing and CP-violation · Introduction · 0.98
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These pioneer studies focused mostly on muon calorimeter detectors, such as [ref] , [ref] or [<http://www.ino.tifr.res.in/ino/>] in which the muon charge can be determined, see also Refs. [ref] .
Neutrino Mass Ordering at DUNE: an Extra $\nu$-Bonus · Introduction · 0.92
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