Nucleosynthesis and the Time Dependence of Fundamental Couplings

Bruce A. Campbell; Keith A. Olive

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Nucleosynthesis and the Time Dependence of Fundamental Couplings

Bruce A. Campbell, Keith A. Olive

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 11 Nov 1994

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Because the scale parameters of couplings set by dimensional transmutation depend exponentially on the dilaton vev, we may obtain stringent limits on the shift of the dilaton from the requirement that the induced shift in the couplings not vitiate the successful calculations of element abundances for big-bang nucleosynthesis.

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.16 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.12 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.09 · compares with prior results 0.93 · mentions code or data availability 0.01.

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We consider the effects of the time dependence of couplings due to their dependence on a dilaton field, as occurs in superstring theory, as well as in gravity theories of the Jordan-Brans-Dicke type. Because the scale parameters of couplings set by dimensional transmutation depend exponentially on the dilaton vev, we may obtain stringent limits on the shift of the dilaton from the requirement that the induced shift in the couplings not vitiate the successful calculations of element abundances for big-bang nucleosynthesis. These limits can be substantially stronger than those obtained directly from the dilaton-induced change in the gravitational coupling.

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What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We consider the effects of the time dependence of couplings due to their dependence on a dilaton field, as occurs in superstring theory, as well as in gravity theories of the Jordan-Brans-Dicke type.	background 0.64	0.43	0.04	asserted 0.73
s1	Because the scale parameters of couplings set by dimensional transmutation depend exponentially on the dilaton vev, we may obtain stringent limits on the shift of the dilaton from the requirement that the induced shift in the couplings not vitiate the successful calculations of element abundances for big-bang nucleosynthesis.	method 0.38	0.41	0.48	hedged possibility 1.00
s2	These limits can be substantially stronger than those obtained directly from the dilaton-induced change in the gravitational coupling.	result 0.76	0.65	0.42	asserted 0.68

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from argument 0.47.

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The paper

Original abstract

We consider the effects of the time dependence of couplings due to their dependence on a dilaton field, as occurs in superstring theory, as well as in gravity theories of the Jordan-Brans-Dicke type. Because the scale parameters of couplings set by dimensional transmutation depend exponentially on the dilaton vev, we may obtain stringent limits on the shift of the dilaton from the requirement that the induced shift in the couplings not vitiate the successful calculations of element abundances for big-bang nucleosynthesis. These limits can be substantially stronger than those obtained directly from the dilaton-induced change in the gravitational coupling.

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References

Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

On the Origins of Varying Gauge Couplings
hep-ph 2026-08 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

In weakly coupled, renormalizable four-dimensional theories, gauge invariance forces the effective gauge coupling to depend on a singlet scalar VEV only logarithmically at leading order, not linearly.
Lorentz-Violating Vector Fields Slow the Universe Down
hep-th 2004-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

A Lorentz-violating timelike vector field tracks matter with negative energy density and slows cosmic expansion, and primordial nucleosynthesis bounds its norm to below about 10^18 GeV.
Probing Physics Beyond the Standard Model: Limits from BBN and the CMB Independently and Combined
astro-ph.CO 2022-07 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

Independent BBN and CMB measurements of the relativistic energy density now agree closely enough to bound any change in Nν or η between nucleosynthesis and recombination, with the joint value Nν = 2.898 ± 0.141.
CMB constraints on the fine structure constant
astro-ph 2006-02 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

WMAP first-year CMB data place the fine structure constant during recombination within about 4 percent of its present value, and no variation is detected even when the electron mass is allowed to vary alongside it.
The status of varying constants: a review of the physics, searches and implications
astro-ph.CO 2017-09 accept novelty 3.0 of 10

A review of varying fundamental constants finds only tentative two-sigma hints of variation, strong constraints on equivalence-principle violation, and a clear path for future spectrographs.

Show 1 more citing papers

Varying constants, Gravitation and Cosmology
astro-ph.CO 2010-09 accept novelty 2.0 of 10

The review argues that testing the constancy of the fundamental constants is a direct test of local position invariance and the universality of free fall, and catalogues every current observational constraint on such drift.

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20 arXiv papers cite this in 31 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 25 sentences without a confident label

Uses its method or tool 1 paper

This generally follows what is adopted in Refs. [ref] .

Constraining the time variation of the coupling constants from cosmic microwave background: effect of \Lambda_{QCD} · The Dilaton Dependence of $α$, $m_e$ and $m_p$ · 0.80

Cites it as support 1 paper

This assumption is motivated by the fact that the $Q$-dependences of them are severely constrained by the tests of the equivalence principle, by the test of the time-variation of the fundamental couplings, and by the BBN constraints [ref] .

The swampland conjecture and the Higgs expectation value · Wilsonian approach · 0.99

Cites it as background 4 papers

In particular, it has been extensively used to constrain the variations of fundamental constants [ref] and modified theories of gravity [ref] ; a summary of many of these studies can be found in [ref] .

BBN constraints on universally-coupled ultralight scalar dark matter · Introduction · 0.83
There have been a number of articles considering the sensitivity of BBN to variations in the fundamental parameters of the Standard Model, including the electromagnetic fine structure constant [ref] , the quark masses [ref] , and recently, a more general consideration of the naturalness of the weak scale in a multiverse context [ref] .

Quantifying the sensitivity of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis to isospin breaking with input from lattice QCD · BBN and isospin · 1.00
Depending on the Lagrangian implementation and its motivation, one or several constants can vary in coupled ways, typically one would expect a coupled variation of all constants within a theoretical framework motivated by GUTs or string theories [ref] .

The mass effect -- Variations of the electron mass and their impact on cosmology · Physical models: scalar fields and electron mass variation · 0.91

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