Correlators in Timelike Bulk Liouville Theory

Andrew Strominger; Tadashi Takayanagi

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Correlators in Timelike Bulk Liouville Theory

Andrew Strominger, Tadashi Takayanagi

High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 25 Mar 2003

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim The expression agrees exactly with the minisuperspace result for the closed string pair-production rate (which diverges at finite time).

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.72 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.07 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.14 · compares with prior results 0.94 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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Liouville theory with a negative norm boson and no screening charge corresponds to an exact classical solution of closed bosonic string theory describing time-dependent bulk tachyon condensation. A simple expression for the two point function is proposed based on renormalization/analytic continuation of the known results for the ordinary (positive-norm) Liouville theory. The expression agrees exactly with the minisuperspace result for the closed string pair-production rate (which diverges at finite time). Puzzles concerning the three-point function are presented and discussed.

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What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	Liouville theory with a negative norm boson and no screening charge corresponds to an exact classical solution of closed bosonic string theory describing time-dependent bulk tachyon condensation.	background 0.68	0.22	0.25	asserted 1.00
s1	A simple expression for the two point function is proposed based on renormalization/analytic continuation of the known results for the ordinary (positive-norm) Liouville theory.	contribution 0.58	0.86	0.15	asserted 0.44
s2	The expression agrees exactly with the minisuperspace result for the closed string pair-production rate (which diverges at finite time).	result 0.99	0.80	0.33	asserted 1.00
s3	Puzzles concerning the three-point function are presented and discussed.	contribution 0.49	0.80	0.04	unclear 0.53

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.96.

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arXiv listing abstract v2

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The paper

Original abstract

Liouville theory with a negative norm boson and no screening charge corresponds to an exact classical solution of closed bosonic string theory describing time-dependent bulk tachyon condensation. A simple expression for the two point function is proposed based on renormalization/analytic continuation of the known results for the ordinary (positive-norm) Liouville theory. The expression agrees exactly with the minisuperspace result for the closed string pair-production rate (which diverges at finite time). Puzzles concerning the three-point function are presented and discussed.

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References

Forward citations

Cited by 12 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Boundary $c\leq1$ Liouville CFT from the Bootstrap
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Boundary Liouville CFT at c≤1 is bootstrapped into existence with explicit structure constants and a discrete open-string spectrum consistent with the continuous closed spectrum by open-closed duality.
Deforming the Double Liouville String
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For a two-parameter deformation of double Liouville string theory, the sphere partition function is computed to third order in the deformation coupling, with the Complex Liouville String differing from the Virasoro Mi...
Analytic Continuation of Liouville Theory
hep-th 2011-08 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

The semiclassical limit of the DOZZ formula at general complex momenta requires either multivalued Liouville 'solutions' with a principal-value action or a Chern-Simons reformulation, and the timelike DOZZ formula fol...
Semiclassical Liouville Theory on the Real Projective Plane: A Complex Interpretation of the Bootstrap
hep-th 2026-09 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

Complex saddles with a negative-definite metric, selected by analytic continuation of the zero-mode integral, reproduce the exact RP^2 one-point function of Liouville theory through one loop.
Saddling Timelike Liouville Theory
hep-th 2026-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

For 0<β<1 the chosen Hankel contour decomposes into two Lefschetz thimbles, J0 minus J1, generating the 1-e^{2πi/β²} factor of the continued DOZZ result; for β>1 it is a single thimble.

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Liouville theory with a central charge less than one
hep-th 2015-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

Liouville theory with central charge at or below one is defined by keeping a real spectrum and shifting the momentum integration contour off the real axis, with crossing symmetry verified numerically.
AdS Bubbles, Entropy and Closed String Tachyons
hep-th 2006-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

Entanglement entropy decreases when an unstable anti-de Sitter spacetime decays into a bubble, and gravity and free gauge theory computations agree up to order-one factors, exactly in a near-supersymmetric limit.
A solution to the 4-tachyon off-shell amplitude in cubic string field theory
hep-th 2006-03 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

A new series solution for the off-shell factor kappa(x) yields the quartic tachyon coupling c4 ≈ 1.74220008(3) and the exact rolling-tachyon coefficient a3 ≈ 0.00241475435(3).
Scale invariance vs conformal invariance
hep-th 2013-02 accept novelty 4.0 of 10

Under stated assumptions, scale invariance is proved to imply conformal invariance in two dimensions, while in four dimensions the enhancement remains a well-supported conjecture with no known counterexample.
String Cosmology: A Review
hep-th 2007-10 accept novelty 3.0 of 10

String cosmology's central obstacle is the eta problem: moduli stabilization generically generates inflaton mass terms of order the Hubble scale, and no fully explicit, correction-controlled string inflation model yet exists.
Liouville Field Theory -- A decade after the revolution
hep-th 2004-02 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

The paper reviews Liouville field theory and its matrix-model dual through early 2004, adding limited original derivations for N=2 dual actions and unoriented crosscap comparisons.
Singularities and Closed String Tachyons
hep-th 2006-02 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

Closed string tachyon condensation is presented as a unifying resolution of several types of gravitational singularities, with a speculative extension to small-volume negatively curved spaces.

How the literature uses it

17 arXiv papers cite this in 27 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 17 sentences without a confident label

Contests it 1 paper

Earlier works [ref] missed these possibilities by working directly with wave functions analytically continued from the spacelike theory.

Quantum Gravity from Timelike Liouville theory · Comments on the minisuperspace approximation · contest 0.81

Compares with it 1 paper

This result makes a sharp contrast with the open and closed string creation in the rolling tachyon backgrounds [ref] , where the string creation rate diverges.

Decaying D-branes and Moving Mirrors · D-brane Interpretation and Moving Mirror · 1.00

Cites it as support 1 paper

If one attempts to define it via the analytic continuation of the Euclidean Liouville with $ϕ=iX^0$ and $β$ purely imaginary then one can show that it does not satisfy all axioms of CFT [ref] (certain 3-pt functions do not reduce to 2-pt functions upon insertion of the identity operator as one of the 3 operators).

A Short Review of Time Dependent Solutions and Space-like Singularities in String Theory · Tachyon condensation · 0.99

Cites it as background 6 papers

Consider string theory cosmological backgrounds based on worldsheet CFTs of the form (see e.g. [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] ): [equation] A nice feature of such models is that the combined central charge of the two $SL(2,R)/U(1)$ factors is independent of $|k|$, and so this can be taken to be an independent, varying parameter.

A Wave-function for Stringy Universes · Liouville type models · 0.96
The status of the Liouville theory with imaginary Liouville exponent, or time-like signature Liouville theory, which can be obtained after a further rotation of the field space $ϕ→iT$ to make the action real, is not as well-established as in the usual space-like case (see e.g. [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] [ref] ).

Eternal Inflation with Liouville Cosmology · Universe as holographic Liouville theory · 0.99
Moreover, the kinetic term for the Weyl compensator is negative or `timelike', so the Weyl compensator is related to the Liouville field by a subtle analytic continuation which is not yet fully understood in the quantum theory [ref] .

Quantum Cosmology Near Two Dimensions · Introduction · 0.83

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