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Intrinsic Periodicity of Time and Non-maximal Entropy of Universe

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Paper breakdownThe authors' claims, conditions and measurements, as JSON Signed receiptProof this review has not been altered
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Holger B. Nielsen, Masao Ninomiya

High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 4 Jan 2006

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim The intrinsic periodicity explains successfully why entropy is not maximal, but fails phenomenologically by leading to a \underline{constant}entropy.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

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arXiv IDhep-th/0601021 (version 1)
Pith ID2PSV2737, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationHolger B. Nielsen, Masao Ninomiya. "Intrinsic Periodicity of Time and Non-maximal Entropy of Universe." arXiv:hep-th/0601021 (2006). https://pith.science/paper/2PSV2737
Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Open the compiled record

Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,551 input tokens, $0.0001 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.92 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.04 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.03 · compares with prior results 0.16 · mentions code or data availability 0.01.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

The universe is certainly not yet in total thermodynamical equilibrium,so clearly some law telling about special initial conditions is needed. A universe or a system imposed to behave periodically gets thereby required ``initial conditions". Those initial conditions will \underline{not} look like having already suffered the heat death, i.e. obtained the maximal entropy, like a random state. The intrinsic periodicity explains successfully why entropy is not maximal, but fails phenomenologically by leading to a \underline{constant}entropy.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 The universe is certainly not yet in total thermodynamical equilibrium,so clearly some law telling about special initial conditions is needed. background 0.74 0.11 0.07 asserted 1.00
s1 A universe or a system imposed to behave periodically gets thereby required ``initial conditions". background 0.55 0.11 0.07 asserted 0.99
s2 Those initial conditions will \underline{not} look like having already suffered the heat death, i.e. obtained the maximal entropy, like a random state. interpretation 0.67 0.23 0.13 asserted 0.99
s3 The intrinsic periodicity explains successfully why entropy is not maximal, but fails phenomenologically by leading to a \underline{constant}entropy. limitation 0.89 0.71 0.61 asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.56 · evidence from argument 0.99.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v1
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

The universe is certainly not yet in total thermodynamical equilibrium,so clearly some law telling about special initial conditions is needed. A universe or a system imposed to behave periodically gets thereby required ``initial conditions". Those initial conditions will \underline{not} look like having already suffered the heat death, i.e. obtained the maximal entropy, like a random state. The intrinsic periodicity explains successfully why entropy is not maximal, but fails phenomenologically by leading to a \underline{constant}entropy.

Human review

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References
How the literature uses it

3 arXiv papers cite this in 3 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

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