Quantum measurement breaks Lorentz symmetry

Traditionally causes come before effects, but according to modern physics things aren't that simple. Special relativity shows that `before' and `after' are relative, and quantum measurement is even more subtle. Since the nonlocality of Bell's theorem, it has been known that quantum measurement has an uneasy relation with special relativity, described by Shimony as `peaceful coexistence'. Hardy's theorem says that quantum measurement requires a preferred Lorentz frame. The original proofs of the theorem depended on there being no backward causality, even at the quantum level. In quant-ph/9803044 this condition was removed. It was only required that systems with classical inputs and outputs had no causal loops. Here the conditions are weakened further: there should be no forbidden causal loops as defined in the text. The theory depends on a transfer function analysis, which is introduced in detail before application to specific systems.