Pith Number

pith:3FRLD4TP

pith:2026:3FRLD4TPPIR2KKRHTHFOTJDQWR

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Quantifying Cyber-Vulnerability in Power Electronics Systems via an Impedance-Based Attack Reachable Domain

Hongwei Zhen, Mingyang Sun, Wuhua Li, Xin Xiang, Ze Yu

An impedance-based Attack Reachable Domain quantifies how far limited-privilege attackers can drive power-electronics nodes past stability limits.

arxiv:2605.14502 v1 · 2026-05-14 · eess.SY · cs.AI · cs.SY

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\pithnumber{3FRLD4TPPIR2KKRHTHFOTJDQWR}

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2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Based on the ARD, an Attack Penetration Index is defined to quantify node-level cyber-vulnerability by jointly characterizing the penetration of the nominal stability margin and the accessibility of successful destabilizing attacks within a privilege-constrained action space.

C2weakest assumption

That feasible adversarial actions can be accurately represented as impedance reshaping operations and that the resulting critical-eigenvalue migration reliably indicates instability under privilege constraints.

C3one line summary

An Attack Reachable Domain and Attack Penetration Index quantify node-level cyber-vulnerability in power electronics by linking adversarial impedance changes to stability margin penetration.

References

13 extracted · 13 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] Multilayer resilience paradigm against cyber attacks in dc microgrids, 2021

[2] Public history of solar energy cyberattacks and vulnerabil- ities, 2025

[3] Exploring smart grid vulnerability against intelligent inverter parameter tampering attack, 2025

[4] Cybersecurity of smart inverters in the smart grid: A survey, 2022

[5] An overview of cyber-resilient smart in- verters based on practical attack models, 2023

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:39:06.302112Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

d962b1f26f7a23a52a2799cae9a470b44fffa3d8d3f580ff949a1a6359b13595

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.14502 · arxiv_version: 2605.14502v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.14502 · pith_short_12: 3FRLD4TPPIR2 · pith_short_16: 3FRLD4TPPIR2KKRH · pith_short_8: 3FRLD4TP

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/3FRLD4TPPIR2KKRHTHFOTJDQWR \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: d962b1f26f7a23a52a2799cae9a470b44fffa3d8d3f580ff949a1a6359b13595

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "e0dd4fa2a8ce81f2f39e447ee67392d38e0e39360944521daa4cf21aad5c944e",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI",
      "cs.SY"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "eess.SY",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-14T07:47:43Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "fcd79b6f38b1a175c0256472f4d3b617a2da9f8597e932661b7db604cf4d5ab1"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.14502",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}