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pith:6D7VMLSI

pith:2026:6D7VMLSIB2HUFN37RDYP4BSKUS

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Electromagnetic Signal and Information Theory: A Continuous-Aperture Array Perspective

Chongjun Ouyang, Emil Bj\"ornson, Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu, Kuranage Roche Rayan Ranasinghe, Shuai S. A. Yuan, Yuanwei Liu, Zhaolin Wang

Continuous-aperture arrays must be modeled as continuous electromagnetic fields governed by Maxwell's equations rather than as discrete antenna vectors.

arxiv:2605.12910 v1 · 2026-05-13 · cs.IT · math.IT

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Claims

C1strongest claim

Unlike conventional spatially discrete arrays (SPDAs), CAPAs are more naturally modeled as spatially continuous electromagnetic apertures and therefore call for a fundamental shift in both signal processing and information-theoretic analysis.

C2weakest assumption

That continuous-aperture models based on Maxwell's equations will yield practical advantages in analysis, hardware implementation, and performance over discrete array approximations for real-world channels and systems.

C3one line summary

Tutorial overview of electromagnetic signal and information theory for continuous-aperture array wireless systems, emphasizing the shift from discrete to continuous models.

References

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[1] A mathematical theory of communication 1948

[2] On the spatial bandwidth of scattered fields, 1987

[3] Electromagnetic signal and infor- mation theory–electromagnetically consistent communication models for the transmission and processing of information, 2024

[4] The performance enhancement of multibeam adaptive base-station antennas for cellular land mobile radio systems, 1990

[5] An adaptive array for mobile communication systems, 1991

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Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T03:09:10.522350Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

f0ff562e480e8f42b77f88f0fe064aa4beb41b1daa047b37ca81e6dbf6f0afbe

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.12910 · arxiv_version: 2605.12910v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.12910 · pith_short_12: 6D7VMLSIB2HU · pith_short_16: 6D7VMLSIB2HUFN37 · pith_short_8: 6D7VMLSI

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curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/6D7VMLSIB2HUFN37RDYP4BSKUS \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: f0ff562e480e8f42b77f88f0fe064aa4beb41b1daa047b37ca81e6dbf6f0afbe

Canonical record JSON

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    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.IT",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-13T02:36:31Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c3e31cd53b7a99764c62627f56903e11e30799eaa5ff3ffab6c23ef2e8150230"
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