Authors synthesize SVD-based reduced-order models from wave-optics simulations to provide an effective stochastic description of stellar microlensing distortions on lensed gravitational waves.
On the waveforms of gravitationally lensed gravitational waves
9 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 63 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
9
Pith papers citing it
63
external citations · Pith
abstract
Strong lensing by intervening galaxies can produce multiple images of gravitational waves from sources at cosmological distances. These images acquire additional phase-shifts as the over-focused wavefront passes through itself along the line of sight. Time domain waveforms of Type-II images (associated with saddle points of the time delay) exhibit a non-trivial distortion from the unlensed waveforms. This phenomenon is in addition to the usual frequency-independent magnification, and happens even in the geometric limit where the wavelength is much shorter than the deflector's gravitational length scale. Similarly, Type-III images preserve the original waveform's shape but exhibit a sign flip. We show that for non-precessing binaries undergoing circular inspiral and merger, these distortions are equivalent to rotating the line of sight about the normal to the orbital plane by $45^\circ$ (Type II) and $90^\circ$ (Type III). This effect will enable us to distinguish between the different topological types among a set of multiple images, and give us valuable insight into the lens model. Furthermore, we show that for eccentric binaries, the waveform of a Type-II image is distorted in a manner that is inequivalent to a change of the source's orbital parameters.
citation-role summary
background 2
citation-polarity summary
roles
background 2polarities
background 2representative citing papers
Posterior Overlap 2.0 finds no lensed BBH pairs in O1–O4a (p_L < 0.6% for all pairs) and sets a 90% upper bound of 1.4% on the strong-lensing fraction.
Subhalos produce percent-level modulations in saddle and minimum images; matched-filter analysis yields >5σ combined detections in 62% of realizations for fiducial sources near caustics, projecting 10-20 substructure detections over the LISA mission.
A two-step Bayesian reweighting scheme using Euclid galaxy locations boosts the Bayes factor for true lensed GW pairs by a factor of about 10 while lowering it for unlensed coincidences.
Neural spline flows perform fast posterior inference on 11-dimensional millilensed GW parameters with accuracy comparable to dynesty for most quantities and a 3-day to 0.8-second speedup.
The BB plot is a new diagnostic that links Bayes factors to their expected distributions under competing hypotheses, enabling validation of calculations and low-cost background estimation for model selection in GW studies.
Unmodeled point-mass lensing produces a spurious nonzero graviton mass posterior in GW231123 that vanishes when lensing is included in the analysis.
Using HBI on GWTC-4 data the authors compute lensed SGWBs for ABHs and PBHs and conclude that LIGO and ET can distinguish the two formation channels in specific frequency ranges, with ET offering broader coverage.
GWTC-5.0 is a data release documenting over 300 gravitational-wave events from compact binary mergers observed through early 2025.
citing papers explorer
-
Effective description of lensed gravitational waves diffracted by stellar fields
Authors synthesize SVD-based reduced-order models from wave-optics simulations to provide an effective stochastic description of stellar microlensing distortions on lensed gravitational waves.
-
Search for strong lensing of gravitational waves in the binary black hole events from O1-O4a
Posterior Overlap 2.0 finds no lensed BBH pairs in O1–O4a (p_L < 0.6% for all pairs) and sets a 90% upper bound of 1.4% on the strong-lensing fraction.
-
Wave-optics imprints of dark matter subhalos on strongly lensed gravitational waves. II. Saddle images and detectability
Subhalos produce percent-level modulations in saddle and minimum images; matched-filter analysis yields >5σ combined detections in 62% of realizations for fiducial sources near caustics, projecting 10-20 substructure detections over the LISA mission.
-
Improved Identification of Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves with Host Galaxy Locations
A two-step Bayesian reweighting scheme using Euclid galaxy locations boosts the Bayes factor for true lensed GW pairs by a factor of about 10 while lowering it for unlensed coincidences.
-
Parameter inference of millilensed gravitational waves using neural spline flows
Neural spline flows perform fast posterior inference on 11-dimensional millilensed GW parameters with accuracy comparable to dynesty for most quantities and a 3-day to 0.8-second speedup.
-
BB plot: A Tool for Accurate Model Selection Using Bayes factors
The BB plot is a new diagnostic that links Bayes factors to their expected distributions under competing hypotheses, enabling validation of calculations and low-cost background estimation for model selection in GW studies.
-
GW231123: False Massive Graviton Signatures from Unmodeled Point-Mass Lensing
Unmodeled point-mass lensing produces a spurious nonzero graviton mass posterior in GW231123 that vanishes when lensing is included in the analysis.
-
Effects of formation channels and gravitational lensing on stochastic gravitational wave background
Using HBI on GWTC-4 data the authors compute lensed SGWBs for ABHs and PBHs and conclude that LIGO and ET can distinguish the two formation channels in specific frequency ranges, with ET offering broader coverage.
-
GWTC-5.0: An Introduction to Version 5.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
GWTC-5.0 is a data release documenting over 300 gravitational-wave events from compact binary mergers observed through early 2025.