Cross-correlating pulsar timing and polarimetry isolates the circular polarization of isotropic stochastic GW backgrounds and shares the Hellings-Downs angular pattern.
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Cosmological Signature of New Parity-Violating Interactions
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Does Nature yield any manifestations of parity violation other than those observed in weak interactions? A map of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization will provide a new signature of P violation. We give two examples of new P violating interactions, which may have something to do with Planck-scale physics, inflation, and/or quintessence, that would give rise to such a signature. Although these effects would most likely elude detection by MAP and the Planck Surveyor, they may be detectable with a future dedicated CMB polarization experiment.
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CMB polarization rotation emerges as a Pancharatnam phase localized at dark sector vacuum interfaces, independent of redshift, frequency, and the presence of light axions.
A Gaussian statistical model of galaxy shapes and radio polarizations yields unbiased, minimum-variance estimators for cosmic shear, intrinsic alignment, and line-of-sight rotation that are accurate to first order.
No evidence for cosmological parity violation is found in the first kurto-spectrum analysis of BOSS DR12 and DESI DR1 luminous red galaxies.
Coupling Chern-Simons gravity to a spectator field in multi-field inflation generates distinctive parity-odd scalar-tensor bispectra with perturbativity bounds on the couplings.
Fuzzy dark matter induces frequency-dependent amplitude birefringence in gravitational waves with periodic time modulation set by the scalar mass, but no velocity birefringence.
A transient parity-violating phase during inflation generates a robust blue-tilted (n_T ≃ 2) primordial gravitational wave spectrum at small scales with nearly maximal helicity coherence and linear polarization, offering a cosmological template for PTA data distinct from astrophysical sources.
Extended analysis constrains pseudo-scalar dark energy potentials using expansion history and cosmic birefringence, finding quadratic, linear, and Ratra-Peebles forms viable near GUT scale while axion-like requires large anomaly coefficient.
Reexamination of Planck CMB data finds a possible spatial-parity-breaking signal consistent with six extra dimensions compactified toroidally at the GUT scale before inflation.
Bayesian analysis of ACT DR6 CMB polarization data measures cosmic birefringence angle β = 0.215° ± 0.074° excluding zero at 2.9σ, consistent with prior WMAP and Planck results but limited by unexplained systematics.
This review traces the history of dynamical dark energy, presents the no-go theorem against single-field crossing of w = -1, and surveys viable Quintom constructions including multi-field models and modified gravity in light of DESI DR2 hints.
Review summarizing radio searches for WIMP and ALP dark matter with SKA precursors and forecasts for SKA-Low and SKA-Mid telescopes.
The Hubble tension between local and early-universe expansion-rate measurements may be resolved by early dark energy that speeds up expansion before recombination while satisfying existing constraints.
Quintom dark energy models permit the equation of state to cross w=-1, supporting bouncing cosmologies and CMB-based tests of dark energy nature.
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CMB Birefringence from Vacuum Interfaces
CMB polarization rotation emerges as a Pancharatnam phase localized at dark sector vacuum interfaces, independent of redshift, frequency, and the presence of light axions.