Lattice simulations find spatially inhomogeneous confinement-deconfinement transition in weakly accelerated SU(3) gluodynamics, with phase boundary following TE prediction and unchanged critical temperature.
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The Unruh effect and its applications
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abstract
It has been thirty years since the discovery of the Unruh effect. It has played a crucial role in our understanding that the particle content of a field theory is observer dependent. This effect is important in its own right and as a way to understand the phenomenon of particle emission from black holes and cosmological horizons. Here, we review the Unruh effect with particular emphasis to its applications. We also comment on a number of recent developments and discuss some controversies. Effort is also made to clarify what seems to be common misconceptions.
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Lattice simulations in Rindler spacetime show that acceleration turns the confinement-deconfinement transition in gluodynamics into a spatial crossover that approximately follows the Tolman-Ehrenfest law, while the critical temperature stays unchanged.
The free particle, harmonic oscillator, and inverted oscillator are unified as parabolic, elliptic, and hyperbolic realizations of the same conformal module, with explicit mappings between their states, coherent states, and scattering data via metaplectic rotations and Mellin transforms.
Massive fields in null-shifted Rindler wedges produce non-thermal spectra for accelerated observers, as mass eliminates the exponential Bogoliubov mixing that creates thermality.
Photon rings around black holes saturate the quantum chaos bound via Lyapunov exponents of null geodesics and OTOCs in the near-ring region.
Real acceleration strengthens deconfining properties of gluonic matter per the one-loop Polyakov-loop potential minimized in the optical metric, while imaginary acceleration yields a confined phase.
Moderate acceleration of an Unruh-DeWitt detector in a cylindrical cavity suppresses decoherence more effectively than the inertial case by smearing resonant modes and replacing off-resonant decay with oscillations.
Decoherence rate of an Unruh-DeWitt detector scales as a^{2Δ-1} in the long-time limit, increasing with the scaling dimension Δ of the coupled field and offering a more sensitive probe of the Unruh effect.
The Weyl anomaly induces a new non-dissipative current in accelerated fluids that fixes the electromagnetic-acceleration coupling at second order in hydrodynamics.
Exact calculations in a boost-invariant free Dirac fermion fluid show spin polarization arises only from finite spin potential, with shear-induced polarization and spin Hall effect absent.
Affine group symmetries on the light ray, with dilations implementing modular flow, provide the minimal structure for thermality on the Rindler horizon via the Mellin transform bridge between Minkowski and Rindler modes.
Finite relativistic deceleration requires boundary Schott energy changes in the LAD equation to conserve energy, and the LCHK estimate for extreme deceleration exceeds sustainable limits for uniform proper deceleration.
Uniformly rotating particles decay via emission of negative-energy quanta due to the lack of a global vacuum for such observers, implying none can be regarded as stable.
Lecture notes that build the BMS group from prerequisites to applications in soft theorems, memory effects, and new material on asymptotic conformal Killing horizons.
Acceleration has no effect on a causality-enforcing trivial vacuum, so the Unruh effect is absent and standard calculations omit a cancelling contribution from Lorentz transformations acting on the detector.
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Relativistic deceleration vs acceleration, Unruh effect observation, and the Schott energy
Finite relativistic deceleration requires boundary Schott energy changes in the LAD equation to conserve energy, and the LCHK estimate for extreme deceleration exceeds sustainable limits for uniform proper deceleration.