Vibes is a new algorithm that extracts physically motivated core structures from numerical star formation simulations by applying the virial theorem iteratively around density peaks to determine boundaries from energy balance rather than user-set density thresholds.
High-Mass Star and Massive Cluster Formation in the Milky Way
8 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
abstract
This review examines the state-of-the-art knowledge of high-mass star and massive cluster formation, gained from ambitious observational surveys, which acknowledge the multi-scale characteristics of these processes. After a brief overview of theoretical models and main open issues, we present observational searches for the evolutionary phases of high-mass star formation, first among high-luminosity sources and more recently among young massive protostars and the elusive high-mass prestellar cores. We then introduce the most likely evolutionary scenario for high-mass star formation, which emphasizes the link of high-mass star formation to massive cloud and cluster formation. Finally, we introduce the first attempts to search for variations of the star formation activity and cluster formation in molecular cloud complexes, in the most extreme star-forming sites, and across the Milky Way. The combination of Galactic plane surveys and high-angular resolution images with submillimeter facilities such as Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) are prerequisites to make significant progresses in the forthcoming decade.
years
2026 8verdicts
UNVERDICTED 8representative citing papers
Serendipitous discovery of a bound nine-member protostellar system in NGC 6334-43 formed by filament fragmentation, with outflows from two sources and virial masses derived for three cores.
Jet feedback in centrally concentrated clouds reduces star formation efficiency to 12-16% and yields cluster structures more consistent with observations than models without jets.
LTE analysis of ALMA data for AG318-c9 yields molecular parameters and spatial maps for three COMs, compared to G31 as a line-identification template for the ALMAGAL survey.
Observational study of G12.79+0.43 identifies YSOs and HII regions powered by B-type stars and associates the complex with the rim of a molecular superbubble of diameter ~50 pc and expansion age ~0.3 Myr without establishing causality.
Maser emissions act as cosmic rulers for astrometric measurements of astronomical sources from protostellar scales to galactic distances, with SKA-Mid enabling expanded multi-species observations.
SKAO, especially SKA-Mid Band 5, is expected to overcome dust opacity and frequency limits to detect complex prebiotic molecules in high-mass and solar-type protostellar regions.
The paper presents predictions and observational plans for Zeeman effect measurements with SKA to provide statistical data on magnetic field strengths across scales in molecular clouds.
citing papers explorer
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Virial-based extraction of structures in numerical simulations: The vibes tool
Vibes is a new algorithm that extracts physically motivated core structures from numerical star formation simulations by applying the virial theorem iteratively around density peaks to determine boundaries from energy balance rather than user-set density thresholds.
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A nine-member protostellar system forming via filament fragmentation in the high mass protocluster NGC 6334-43
Serendipitous discovery of a bound nine-member protostellar system in NGC 6334-43 formed by filament fragmentation, with outflows from two sources and virial masses derived for three cores.
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Centrally concentrated star formation in young clusters II: Jet feedback
Jet feedback in centrally concentrated clouds reduces star formation efficiency to 12-16% and yields cluster structures more consistent with observations than models without jets.
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ALMAGAL IX. The chemical complexity of AG318.9477-00.1960: A line-identification template for ALMAGAL
LTE analysis of ALMA data for AG318-c9 yields molecular parameters and spatial maps for three COMs, compared to G31 as a line-identification template for the ALMAGAL survey.
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Star Formation at the Periphery of a Molecular Superbubble: The Case of G12.79+0.43
Observational study of G12.79+0.43 identifies YSOs and HII regions powered by B-type stars and associates the complex with the rim of a molecular superbubble of diameter ~50 pc and expansion age ~0.3 Myr without establishing causality.
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Cosmic Rulers: Masers as Tools for Probing Structure in the Galaxy and Beyond, from AU to kpc
Maser emissions act as cosmic rulers for astrometric measurements of astronomical sources from protostellar scales to galactic distances, with SKA-Mid enabling expanded multi-species observations.
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Chemical Complexity in the Early Stages of Star Formation in the SKAO Era
SKAO, especially SKA-Mid Band 5, is expected to overcome dust opacity and frequency limits to detect complex prebiotic molecules in high-mass and solar-type protostellar regions.
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Measuring Magnetic Field Strengths in Galactic Star-forming Regions via the Zeeman Effect with the SKA
The paper presents predictions and observational plans for Zeeman effect measurements with SKA to provide statistical data on magnetic field strengths across scales in molecular clouds.