Acceleration radiation for massive vector fields near black hole horizons has a universal thermal detailed-balance factor from the Rindler transformation, with mass thresholds and polarization-dependent spectra, yielding an entropy flux relation identical in form to the scalar HBAR case.
Black Hole Superradiance Signatures of Ul- tralight Vectors
7 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
The process of superradiance can extract angular momentum and energy from astrophysical black holes (BHs) to populate gravitationally-bound states with an exponentially large number of light bosons. We analytically calculate superradiant growth rates for vectors around rotating BHs in the regime where the vector Compton wavelength is much larger than the BH size. Spin-1 bound states have superradiance times as short as a second around stellar BHs, growing up to a thou- sand times faster than their spin-0 counterparts. The fast rates allow us to use measurements of rapidly spinning BHs in X-ray binaries to exclude a wide range of masses for weakly-coupled spin-1 particles, $5 \times 10^{-14} - 2 \times 10^{-11}$ eV; lighter masses in the range $6 \times 10^{-20} - 2 \times 10^{-17}$ eV start to be constrained by supermassive BH spin measurements at a lower level of confidence. We also explore routes to detection of new vector particles possible with the advent of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy. The LIGO-Virgo collaboration could discover hints of a new light vector particle in statistical analyses of masses and spins of merging BHs. Vector annihilations source continuous monochromatic gravitational radiation which could be observed by current GW observatories. At design sensitivity, Advanced LIGO may measure up to thousands of annihilation signals from within the Milky Way, while hundreds of BHs born in binary mergers across the observable universe may superradiate vector bound states and become new beacons of monochromatic gravitational waves.
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Time-domain evolutions demonstrate that the nonlinear scalar ergoregion instability saturates via a weakly turbulent direct cascade transferring energy to small scales and populating higher-order azimuthal modes on the stable light ring.
Majorana neutrinos convert to antineutrinos in ultralight vector dark matter backgrounds coupled to lepton number, enabling supernova neutrino detectors to probe gauge couplings as small as 10^{-32} for masses around 10^{-22} to 10^{-14} eV.
Collective nucleon scattering in neutron-star matter suppresses the effective absorption of ultralight bosons at the long wavelengths relevant for superradiance, weakening the link between stellar cooling bounds and superradiant instability rates.
Systematic study of scalar and vector ULDM interactions on long-baseline neutrino oscillations finds order-of-magnitude weaker constraints for m_φ ≲ 10^{-17} eV due to stochastic effects, with combined T2K+NOvA data showing no alleviation of δ_CP discrepancy.
Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.
A mini-review of axion phenomenology showing how light bosons can account for dark matter, drive cosmic acceleration, or contribute to relativistic backgrounds in the early and late Universe.
citing papers explorer
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Horizon brightened acceleration radiation from massive vector fields
Acceleration radiation for massive vector fields near black hole horizons has a universal thermal detailed-balance factor from the Rindler transformation, with mass thresholds and polarization-dependent spectra, yielding an entropy flux relation identical in form to the scalar HBAR case.
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Weakly turbulent saturation of the nonlinear scalar ergoregion instability
Time-domain evolutions demonstrate that the nonlinear scalar ergoregion instability saturates via a weakly turbulent direct cascade transferring energy to small scales and populating higher-order azimuthal modes on the stable light ring.
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Neutrino-Antineutrino Conversion from Ultralight Vector Dark Matter
Majorana neutrinos convert to antineutrinos in ultralight vector dark matter backgrounds coupled to lepton number, enabling supernova neutrino detectors to probe gauge couplings as small as 10^{-32} for masses around 10^{-22} to 10^{-14} eV.
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Stellar Superradiance and Low-Energy Absorption in Dense Nuclear Media
Collective nucleon scattering in neutron-star matter suppresses the effective absorption of ultralight bosons at the long wavelengths relevant for superradiance, weakening the link between stellar cooling bounds and superradiant instability rates.
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Ultralight dark matter in long-baseline accelerator neutrino oscillations
Systematic study of scalar and vector ULDM interactions on long-baseline neutrino oscillations finds order-of-magnitude weaker constraints for m_φ ≲ 10^{-17} eV due to stochastic effects, with combined T2K+NOvA data showing no alleviation of δ_CP discrepancy.
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Superradiance -- the 2020 Edition
Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.
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Axions as Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Dark Radiation
A mini-review of axion phenomenology showing how light bosons can account for dark matter, drive cosmic acceleration, or contribute to relativistic backgrounds in the early and late Universe.