Scalar-tensor gravity admits a frame-invariant perfect-fluid description with zero temperature, so that general relativity corresponds to diffusive equilibrium for both minimal and nonminimal theories.
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The Thermodynamics of Black Holes
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abstract
We review the present status of black hole thermodynamics. Our review includes discussion of classical black hole thermodynamics, Hawking radiation from black holes, the generalized second law, and the issue of entropy bounds. A brief survey also is given of approaches to the calculation of black hole entropy. We conclude with a discussion of some unresolved open issues.
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Applies a thermodynamic representation framework to quasi-local Schwarzschild black holes, deriving representation-dependent stability, negative thermal expansion, and cooling under isenthalpic expansion.
Scalarization in EMSGB gravity enables free-energy crossings between scalarized and Reissner-Nordström black holes, producing up to three phase transitions whose order changes with coupling strength.
Stirling efficiency reaches Carnot when fixed-volume heat capacity is volume-independent, true for classical gases but not quantum or CFTs; holographic CFTs approach Carnot at large potentials with faster convergence under regeneration.
Vaidya-type dynamical black holes admit homothetic Killing vectors only for linear-in-null-time mass/charge/rotation profiles, and the resulting homothetic Killing horizons carry surface gravities obeying a flux-balance first law.
Affine group symmetries on the light ray, with dilations implementing modular flow, provide the minimal structure for thermality on the Rindler horizon via the Mellin transform bridge between Minkowski and Rindler modes.
Introduces a holographic pressure and volume for static spherically symmetric black holes via quasi-local thermodynamics, showing large black holes become extensive in the large-system limit while small ones do not.
A constructive algorithm yields NEC-obeying static spherical metrics with g_tt g_rr = -1, including a log-corrected Schwarzschild geometry that can mimic black holes.
Charge most strongly controls JT inversion and cooling domains of the f(R,T)-NLED AdS black hole; NLED and modified-gravity parameters supply only sub-leading corrections that leave exterior geodesics close to RN-AdS.
The entropy of a dynamical black hole equals the area of its apparent horizon at second order in perturbations when the null energy condition holds.
Applies Parikh-Wilczek tunneling with backreaction to evaporating AdS black holes, finding luminosity deviates from blackbody scaling for small masses due to rapid mass loss, and computes renormalized energy-momentum tensor in Vaidya-AdS.
Analyzes bulk and boundary phase transitions in deformed AdS-Schwarzschild black holes using gravitational decoupling and holographic extended thermodynamics.
Melnikov analysis shows charge is essential for chaos under temporal perturbations in Hayward black holes with string fluids while spatial perturbations always produce chaos, with Lyapunov exponents modulated by string density and regularization.
Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.
Treating the cosmological constant as pressure in black hole thermodynamics yields an extended dictionary with enthalpy, thermodynamic volume, and chemical-like phase transitions including Van der Waals behavior, reentrant transitions, and triple points.
citing papers explorer
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Frame invariant diffusive formulation of scalar-tensor gravity
Scalar-tensor gravity admits a frame-invariant perfect-fluid description with zero temperature, so that general relativity corresponds to diffusive equilibrium for both minimal and nonminimal theories.
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Black hole equations of state and response functions
Applies a thermodynamic representation framework to quasi-local Schwarzschild black holes, deriving representation-dependent stability, negative thermal expansion, and cooling under isenthalpic expansion.
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Thermodynamic Phase Transitions in Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Scalarization in EMSGB gravity enables free-energy crossings between scalarized and Reissner-Nordström black holes, producing up to three phase transitions whose order changes with coupling strength.
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Holographic Stirling engines and the route to Carnot efficiency
Stirling efficiency reaches Carnot when fixed-volume heat capacity is volume-independent, true for classical gases but not quantum or CFTs; holographic CFTs approach Carnot at large potentials with faster convergence under regeneration.
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Homothetic Killing horizons in generic Vaidya spacetimes
Vaidya-type dynamical black holes admit homothetic Killing vectors only for linear-in-null-time mass/charge/rotation profiles, and the resulting homothetic Killing horizons carry surface gravities obeying a flux-balance first law.
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Modular theory and affine representations on the Rindler horizon
Affine group symmetries on the light ray, with dilations implementing modular flow, provide the minimal structure for thermality on the Rindler horizon via the Mellin transform bridge between Minkowski and Rindler modes.
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Holographic pressure and volume for black holes
Introduces a holographic pressure and volume for static spherically symmetric black holes via quasi-local thermodynamics, showing large black holes become extensive in the large-system limit while small ones do not.
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Energy conditions in static, spherically symmetric spacetimes and effective geometries
A constructive algorithm yields NEC-obeying static spherical metrics with g_tt g_rr = -1, including a log-corrected Schwarzschild geometry that can mimic black holes.
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Joule-Thomson Effect and Geodesic Structure of Charged AdS Black Holes in f(R,T) Coupled with Nonlinear Electrodynamics
Charge most strongly controls JT inversion and cooling domains of the f(R,T)-NLED AdS black hole; NLED and modified-gravity parameters supply only sub-leading corrections that leave exterior geodesics close to RN-AdS.
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The entropy of black hole under second-order deviation from equilibrium
The entropy of a dynamical black hole equals the area of its apparent horizon at second order in perturbations when the null energy condition holds.
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Hawking atmosphere of anti-de Sitter black holes
Applies Parikh-Wilczek tunneling with backreaction to evaporating AdS black holes, finding luminosity deviates from blackbody scaling for small masses due to rapid mass loss, and computes renormalized energy-momentum tensor in Vaidya-AdS.
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Holographic Extended Thermodynamics of deformed AdS-Schwarzschild black hole
Analyzes bulk and boundary phase transitions in deformed AdS-Schwarzschild black holes using gravitational decoupling and holographic extended thermodynamics.
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A Note on Chaos in Hayward Black Holes with String Fluids
Melnikov analysis shows charge is essential for chaos under temporal perturbations in Hayward black holes with string fluids while spatial perturbations always produce chaos, with Lyapunov exponents modulated by string density and regularization.
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Superradiance -- the 2020 Edition
Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.
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Black hole chemistry: thermodynamics with Lambda
Treating the cosmological constant as pressure in black hole thermodynamics yields an extended dictionary with enthalpy, thermodynamic volume, and chemical-like phase transitions including Van der Waals behavior, reentrant transitions, and triple points.