Turbulent electron-ion coronae around accreting black holes self-regulate into a two-temperature state that generates nonthermal ions and X-ray spectra consistent with observations including an MeV tail.
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MHD-PIC simulations find that the non-thermal particle spectral index alpha steepens as alpha proportional to beta to the power 0.5 in the relativistic regime, due to inertial mass density acting as an energy sink that reduces Alfven velocity.
Stereoscopic HXR and EOVSA microwave data constrain source heights in a data-driven MHD simulation of the 2024 Oct 1 X7.1 flare, confirming consistency and associating a secondary source with southward reconnection in a current sheet that exhibits a higher electron low-energy cutoff.
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Non-thermal Sources from Stereoscopic Hard X-ray and Earth-based Microwave Observations in a Data-Constrained Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation
Stereoscopic HXR and EOVSA microwave data constrain source heights in a data-driven MHD simulation of the 2024 Oct 1 X7.1 flare, confirming consistency and associating a secondary source with southward reconnection in a current sheet that exhibits a higher electron low-energy cutoff.