Landau coefficients for scalarization phase transitions are calculated from first principles via reduction of the theory's energy functional to an effective energy function.
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Tensor-scalar gravity and binary-pulsar experiments
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abstract
Some recently discovered nonperturbative strong-field effects in tensor-scalar theories of gravitation are interpreted as a scalar analog of ferromagnetism: "spontaneous scalarization". This phenomenon leads to very significant deviations from general relativity in conditions involving strong gravitational fields, notably binary-pulsar experiments. Contrary to solar-system experiments, these deviations do not necessarily vanish when the weak-field scalar coupling tends to zero. We compute the scalar "form factors" measuring these deviations, and notably a parameter entering the pulsar timing observable gamma through scalar-field-induced variations of the inertia moment of the pulsar. An exploratory investigation of the confrontation between tensor-scalar theories and binary-pulsar experiments shows that nonperturbative scalar field effects are already very tightly constrained by published data on three binary-pulsar systems. We contrast the probing power of pulsar experiments with that of solar-system ones by plotting the regions they exclude in a generic two-dimensional plane of tensor-scalar theories.
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representative citing papers
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Underlying mechanisms of phase transitions in scalar-tensor theories
Landau coefficients for scalarization phase transitions are calculated from first principles via reduction of the theory's energy functional to an effective energy function.
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Thermodynamic Phase Transitions in Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Scalarization in EMSGB gravity enables free-energy crossings between scalarized and Reissner-Nordström black holes, producing up to three phase transitions whose order changes with coupling strength.
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Phase transition structure of scalarized neutron stars: the effect of rotation and linear coupling
Linear coupling and rotation in scalar-tensor theories produce a complex phase transition landscape for scalarized neutron stars, with rotation increasing critical masses and Landau theory revealing overlooked solution branches.
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Scalarization and superradiant instability of black hole induced by dark matter halo in the scalar-tensor theory of gravity
Black holes with dark matter halos in scalar-tensor gravity exhibit scalarization and superradiant instability in some parameter regions, with halo size and mass affecting outcomes for small halos but coupling constant α dominating for large ones.
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Scalarizations of magnetized Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes induced by parity-violating and parity-preserving interactions
Magnetic fields lower the scalarization threshold for electromagnetic and gravitational Chern-Simons couplings but produce opposite trends on the two Gauss-Bonnet branches, with nonlinear terms converting exponential growth into bounded oscillations.
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Constraints on Einstein-aether gravity from the precision timing of PSR J1738+0333
Precision timing of PSR J1738+0333 from EPTA and NANOGrav data yields the tightest strong-field constraints on Einstein-aether parameters from any single binary pulsar.
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The Science of the Einstein Telescope
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Dynamical Boson Stars
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Testing General Relativity with Present and Future Astrophysical Observations
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