A new gravitational wave event reveals a binary black hole merger with total mass 190-265 solar masses, indicating black holes can form via gravitational-wave driven mergers beyond standard stellar channels.
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Self-consistent simulations reveal that reverse shocks in GRB photospheres stay radiation-mediated down to optical depths of a few tenths, with photons decoupling over a broad radial range and forming a quasi-thermal post-cursor.
A new histogram-free likelihood method applied to simulated JWST observations of brown dwarfs shows that globular cluster ages can be determined with formal errors under 0.2 Gyr.
ALMA observations reveal ram-pressure stripping in five galaxies at z=2.51, the most distant confirmed instances, indicating environmental gas removal in a protocluster.
Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
Realistic ISM fluctuations from TIGRESS-NCR MHD simulations drive stellar radial heating with σ_R ∝ t^{1/2} (early, cold) and t^{1/5} (late, warm) plus substantial migration explained by quasilinear theory with λ_* ~600 pc and τ_* ~70 Myr.
Blue straggler stars in old open clusters exhibit a Kraft break in rotation, with rapid rotators above the break and slow rotators below, indicating their envelopes behave like those of single stars.
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
First detection of QPOs above 250 keV in Swift J1727.8-1613 with up to 8.9 sigma significance, showing decreasing rms and increasing soft lags that suggest a geometric origin from small-scale jet precession.
At z=1, disk galaxies exhibit U-shaped stellar age profiles with turnover at the edge, indicating inside-out growth with approximately 300% mass increase in outer regions since z=0.
First near-IR weak-lensing analysis of CANDELS fields detects 12 shear-selected overdensities with masses 0.2-2.2 x 10^14 solar masses at redshifts 0.22-0.9 and mean z=0.68.
A soft-spectrum PULX candidate is reported in Cen A but XMM-SAS randomisation during data reduction renders the marginal 1.27 Hz pulsation detection unreliable across repeated reductions.
MELTYQ couples magma-atmosphere equilibrium models with spectral retrievals to constrain sub-Neptune magma oxidation states and volatile inventories from transmission spectra.
Spectroscopic members of the M92 stream yield a Milky Way bar pattern speed of 29.1 +0.7/-0.4 km s^{-1} kpc^{-1}.
Kriging and Gaussian mixture modeling applied to HST data yield 1-pc resolution dust extinction maps in the SMC and LMC, showing log-normal column density distributions and systematic differences from FIR-derived dust masses.
Multimessenger observations and one-zone leptohadronic modeling of PKS 1725+123 during a flare constrain its emission to external Compton gamma-rays, SSC X-rays, and a neutrino rate of about 0.3 events per year peaking at 1 PeV.
Type Ib supernovae are systematically bluer than Type Ic supernovae in optical colors, likely due to helium-rich versus helium-poor progenitors.
The mHz QPO in 1ES 1927+654 has persisted and stabilized at ~2.5 mHz with stable soft lags, no strong harmonic, and repeatable large-amplitude flux patterns, also seen in NuSTAR.
Dynamic Time Warping with a shared warping path across parameters aligns binary stellar tracks for accurate interpolation while preserving physical relationships such as the Stefan-Boltzmann law.
The double-white-dwarf model for sources like CHIME/ILT J1634+44 predicts a beat-period drift of |P_b dot| ~ 10^{-10} s s^{-1}, producing tens of seconds of O-C timing drift in one year and enabling a minimal falsifiable test via joint period and derivative measurements.
Bar pattern speeds anti-correlate with stellar and total dynamical mass in 30 galaxies, placing the slowest bars in the most massive systems and supporting angular momentum transfer to dark matter.
A local Tremaine-Weinberg framework integrates the continuity equation over flexible loops to measure galactic pattern speeds, recovering standard methods as special cases and validated on IllustrisTNG simulations.
A z=4.9 LAE protocluster exhibits 40% larger rest-optical sizes than field LAEs with no UV difference, indicating wavelength-dependent environmental influences on galaxy structure.
Self-gravitating disks heated by stars reach a universal optical effective temperature of 4000-4500 K independent of accretion rate, black hole mass, and viscosity, explaining Little Red Dots.
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Perturbation-theory informed integrators for cosmological simulations
LPT-matched integrators for cosmological simulations outperform FastPM with O(1-100) timesteps while convergence is limited to order 3/2 post-shell-crossing due to acceleration field irregularity.
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Unified lensing and kinematic analysis for any elliptical mass profile
A Gaussian decomposition via integral transform computes lensing quantities for arbitrary elliptical mass profiles, unifying with existing kinematic analysis.
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FLAMINGO: The thermal history of the Universe from tSZ effect cross-correlations and its dependencies on cosmology and baryon physics
tSZ cross-correlations with large-scale structure tracers prefer low S8 and strong baryonic feedback, yielding S8 = 0.72 and low group baryon fraction in FLAMINGO simulations.
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Towards a measurement of the primordial helium isotope ratio
New VLT observations of He I* absorbers yield a primordial ³He/⁴He ratio of (1.15^{+0.24}_{-0.21})×10^{-4} consistent with standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis, plus an updated stellar yield scaling factor.
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Euclid preparation: Testing multi-field inflation with galaxy power spectrum and bispectrum
Validates redshift-space power spectrum and bispectrum analysis on Abacus-PNG mocks to recover unbiased f_NL constraints for Euclid spectroscopic sample.
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The MeerKAT Fornax Survey VII. Characterisation of the Fornax cluster's magnetic field and new insights on magnetisation in large scale systems
Fornax cluster magnetic field follows a power-law spectrum of slope ~2.7 with central strength ~5 μG scaling as n^1.6, consistent with recent central re-amplification and trends across 17 clusters.
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Galaxy Populations in the IllustrisTNG Caustic Skeleton
Galaxy properties in IllustrisTNG form a continuum across the multiscale caustic skeleton, with formation time of web components influencing colors and star formation activity.
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Cosmic dipole tensions: confronting the cosmic microwave background with infrared and radio populations of cosmological sources
Bayesian tension analysis shows Planck CMB dipole in >5σ disagreement with CatWISE infrared sources and moderate-to-strong disagreement with radio surveys NVSS and RACS, with evidence for shared astrophysical signals in some catalogs.
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UNIONS-3500 Weak Lensing: I. A Galaxy Shape Catalogue in the Northern Sky
A catalogue of 62 million galaxy shapes from 3500 sq deg of UNIONS r-band imaging achieves an effective source density of 4.96 arcmin^{-2} and shape noise of 0.27 after PSF calibration and validation.
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Dark Energy Survey Year 3: Blue Shear
Blue galaxy selection in DES Y3 cosmic shear mitigates IA effects, producing stable parameters with 1.5x smaller S8 uncertainty and improved CMB agreement versus the full sample.
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CMB power spectra and cosmological parameters from Planck PR4 with CamSpec
Planck PR4 NPIPE maps processed with CamSpec produce LCDM parameters consistent with 2018 results but with ~10% tighter constraints and shifts toward LCDM values for extensions like Omega_K and A_Lens.
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Machine-learning applications for weak-lensing cosmology
Machine learning techniques can mitigate limitations in traditional weak-lensing analyses and enhance extraction of cosmological information from galaxy imaging surveys.
- Probing the faint end of simulated galaxy counts at z>3