Excitonic complexes in n-doped WS₂ monolayer

We investigate the origin of emission lines apparent in the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of $n$-doped WS$_2$ monolayer embedded in hexagonal BN layers using external magnetic fields and first-principles calculations. Apart from the neutral A exciton line, all observed emission lines are related to the negatively charged excitons. Consequently, we identify emissions due to both the bright (singlet and triplet) and dark (spin- and momentum-forbidden) negative trions as well as the phonon replicas of the latter optically-inactive complexes. The semi-dark trions and negative biexcitons are distinguished. Based on their experimentally extracted and theoretically calculated $g$-factors, we identify three distinct families of emissions due to exciton complexes in WS$_2$: bright, intravalley and intervalley dark. The $g$-factors of the spin-split subbands in both the conduction and valence bands are also determined.