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arxiv: 2310.11508 · v3 · pith:JMNJ54Z6new · submitted 2023-10-17 · 🌌 astro-ph.EP · astro-ph.IM

The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems III: Aperture Masking Interferometric Observations of the star HIP 65426 at 3.8 um

Shrishmoy Ray , Steph Sallum , Sasha Hinkley , Anand Sivamarakrishnan , Rachel Cooper , Jens Kammerer , Alexandra Z. Greebaum , Deepashri Thatte
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Tomas Stolker Cecilia Lazzoni Andrei Tokovinin Matthew de Furio Samuel Factor Michael Meyer Jordan M. Stone Aarynn Carter Beth Biller Andrew Skemer Genaro Suarez Jarron M. Leisenring Marshall D. Perrin Adam L. Kraus Olivier Absil William O. Balmer Mickael Bonnefoy Marta L. Bryan Sarah K. Betti Anthony Boccaletti Mariangela Bonavita Mark Booth Brendan P. Bowler Zackery W. Briesemeister Faustine Cantalloube Gael Chauvin Valentin Christiaens Gabriele Cugno Thayne Currie Camilla Danielski Trent J. Dupuy Jacqueline K. Faherty Christine H. Chen Per Calissendorff Elodie Choquet Michael P. Fitzgerald Jonathan J. Fortney Kyle Franson Julien H. Girard Carol A. Grady Eileen C. Gonzales Thomas Henning Dean C. Hines Kielan K. W. Hoch Callie E. Hood Alex R. Howe Markus Janson Paul Kalas Grant M. Kennedy Matthew A. Kenworthy Pierre Kervella Daniel Kitzmann Masayuki Kuzuhara Anne-Marie Lagrange Pierre-Olivier Lagage Kellen Lawson Ben W. P. Lew Michael C. Liu Pengyu Liu Jorge Llop-Sayson James P. Lloyd Anna Lueber Bruce Macintosh Elena Manjavacas Sebastian Marino Mark S. Marley Christian Marois Raquel A. Martinez Brenda C. Matthews Elisabeth C. Matthews Dimitri Mawet Johan Mazoyer Michael W. McElwain Stanimir Metchev Brittany E. Miles Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer Paul Molliere Sarah E. Moran Caroline V. Morley Sagnick Mukherjee Paulina Palma-Bifani Eric Pantin Polychronis Patapis Simon Petrus Laurent Pueyo Sascha P. Quanz Andreas Quirrenbach Isabel Rebollido Jea Adams Redai Bin B. Ren Emily Rickman Matthias Samland B. A. Sargent Joshua E. Schlieder Glenn Schneider Karl R. Stapelfeldt Ben J. Sutlieff Motohide Tamura Xianyu Tan Christopher A. Theissen Taichi Uyama Arthur Vigan Malavika Vasist Johanna M. Vos Kevin Wagner Jason J. Wang Kimberly Ward-Duong Niall Whiteford Schuyler G. Wolff Kadin Worthen Mark C. Wyatt Marie Ygouf Xi Zhang Keming Zhang Zhoujian Zhang Yifan Zhou
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classification 🌌 astro-ph.EP astro-ph.IM
keywords observationsjwstseparationsmodecompanionsinnerstarangles
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We present aperture masking interferometry (AMI) observations of the star HIP 65426 at $3.8\,\rm{\mu m}$ as a part of the JWST Direct Imaging Early Release Science (ERS) program obtained using the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument. This mode provides access to very small inner working angles (even separations slightly below the Michelson limit of $0.5\lambda/D$ for an interferometer), which are inaccessible with the classical inner working angles of the JWST coronagraphs. When combined with JWST's unprecedented infrared sensitivity, this mode has the potential to probe a new portion of parameter space across a wide array of astronomical observations. Using this mode, we are able to achieve a $5\sigma$ contrast of $\Delta m{\sim}7.62{\pm}0.13$ mag relative to the host star at separations ${\gtrsim}0.07{"}$, and the contrast deteriorates steeply at separations ${\lesssim}0.07{"}$. However, we detect no additional companions interior to the known companion HIP 65426 b (at separation ${\sim}0.82{"}$ or, $87^{+108}_{-31}\,\rm{au}$). Our observations thus rule out companions more massive than $10{-}12\,\rm{M_{Jup}}$ at separations ${\sim}10{-}20\,\rm{au}$ from HIP 65426, a region out of reach of ground or space-based coronagraphic imaging. These observations confirm that the AMI mode on JWST is sensitive to planetary mass companions at close-in separations (${\gtrsim}0.07{"}$), even for thousands of more distant stars at $\sim$100 pc, in addition to the stars in the nearby young moving groups as stated in previous works. This result will allow the planning and successful execution of future observations to probe the inner regions of nearby stellar systems, opening an essentially unexplored parameter space.

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

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    AMIGO is an end-to-end differentiable forward model of JWST AMI that corrects detector systematics to recover high-precision astrometry and detect close high-contrast companions.