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Collective Neutrino Oscillations in Three Flavors on Qubit and Qutrit Processors

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arxiv 2503.00607 v2 pith:2KB3NLTP submitted 2025-03-01 quant-ph astro-ph.HEphysics.comp-ph

Collective Neutrino Oscillations in Three Flavors on Qubit and Qutrit Processors

classification quant-ph astro-ph.HEphysics.comp-ph
keywords qubitflavorflavorshardwarequantumqutritsimulationsthree
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Collective neutrino flavor oscillations are of primary importance in understanding the dynamic evolution of core-collapse supernovae and subsequent terrestrial detection, but also among the most challenging aspects of numerical simulations. This situation is complicated by the quantum many-body nature of the problem due to neutrino-neutrino interactions which demands a quantum treatment. An additional complication is the presence of three flavors, which often is approximated by the electron flavor and a heavy lepton flavor. In this work, we provide both qubit and qutrit encodings for all three flavors, and develop optimized quantum circuits for the time evolution and analyze the Trotter error. We conclude our study with a hardware experiment of a system of two neutrinos with superconducting hardware: the IBM Torino device for qubits and AQT device for qutrits. We find that error mitigation greatly helps in obtaining a signal consistent with simulations. While hardware results are comparable at this stage, we expect the qutrit setup to be more convenient for large-scale simulations since it does not suffer from probability leakage into nonphsycial qubit space, unlike the qubit setup.

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Forward citations

Cited by 8 Pith papers

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