Perspective: Quantum Computing on Magnetic Racetrack
Pith reviewed 2026-05-10 02:24 UTC · model grok-4.3
The pith
Magnetic domain walls can serve as both stationary and flying qubits for scalable quantum computation.
A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.
Core claim
Magnetic domain walls have long been pursued as carriers of classical information for storage and processing. With the ability to create, control, and probe domain walls at the nanoscale, they are recently recognized as an ideal platform for studying macroscopic quantum effects and provide a natural blueprint for building scalable quantum computing architectures. In particular, the experimentally demonstrated high mobility of domain walls makes them not only suitable as stationary qubits but also as flying qubits, which may offer advantages over currently explored quantum computing platforms.
What carries the argument
Magnetic domain walls on racetracks, functioning as controllable carriers that can remain stationary for local operations or propagate to transfer quantum states.
If this is right
- High-mobility domain walls can act as flying qubits to move quantum information along the racetrack without separate transfer channels.
- Universal quantum computation becomes possible once the listed physical ingredients for coherence and gate control are met in suitable materials.
- Concrete material platforms such as specific ferromagnetic heterostructures can be targeted for initial demonstrations.
- Targeted experiments on coherence preservation and gate fidelity are required before scalable architectures can be built.
- Integration of magnetic and quantum information techniques opens routes to hybrid classical-quantum devices using the same racetrack structures.
Where Pith is reading between the lines
- The flying-qubit property might allow on-chip quantum networks where information travels with the domain wall rather than through fixed wiring.
- Challenges identified in the magnetic environment could be mitigated by engineering pinning sites or using topological protection within the wall structure.
- Success would encourage similar explorations of other magnetic textures such as skyrmions as quantum carriers.
- The perspective implicitly suggests that classical magnetic memory fabrication lines could be adapted with minimal changes for quantum prototypes.
Load-bearing premise
That the high mobility and nanoscale control already shown for domain walls in classical settings can be extended to preserve quantum coherence long enough for gate operations amid the surrounding magnetic fluctuations.
What would settle it
A measurement of domain-wall qubit coherence time that falls short of the duration required to complete a universal set of gates would falsify the feasibility claim.
Figures
read the original abstract
Magnetic domain walls have long been pursued as carriers of classical information for storage and processing. With the ability to create, control, and probe domain walls at the nanoscale, they are recently recognized as an ideal platform for studying macroscopic quantum effects and provide a natural blueprint for building scalable quantum computing architectures. In particular, the experimentally demonstrated high mobility of domain walls makes them not only suitable as stationary qubits but also as flying qubits, which may offer advantages over currently explored quantum computing platforms. In this Perspective, we outline our current understanding of the essential ingredients and key requirements for realizing universal quantum computation based on magnetic domain walls. We highlight promising concrete material platforms and identify the experiments that are still needed to advance this concept. We also discuss the potential challenges and point to new opportunities in this emerging research direction at the interface between magnetism and quantum information science.
Editorial analysis
A structured set of objections, weighed in public.
Referee Report
Summary. This perspective article argues that magnetic domain walls, long used for classical information storage, are now positioned as a promising platform for quantum computing due to their nanoscale controllability and experimentally demonstrated high mobility. The authors propose domain walls as both stationary and flying qubits, outline the key physical ingredients and requirements for universal quantum computation in this system, identify candidate material platforms, specify experiments still needed to demonstrate coherence and gate operations, and discuss associated challenges and opportunities at the interface of magnetism and quantum information science.
Significance. If the central proposal holds, the work could open a distinct hardware direction that exploits mature magnetic thin-film technologies for scalable quantum architectures, potentially offering advantages in mobility for flying-qubit schemes. By framing the extension from classical domain-wall control to the quantum regime as an explicit set of open requirements rather than an asserted fact, the manuscript provides a concrete roadmap that may usefully focus experimental efforts. Its value lies in synthesis and forward-looking identification of milestones rather than in new derivations or data.
minor comments (1)
- The abstract states that domain walls 'provide a natural blueprint' but does not quantify what 'natural' means in terms of existing fabrication compatibility or integration density; a single clarifying sentence would help readers gauge the claimed advantage over other platforms.
Simulated Author's Rebuttal
We thank the referee for the positive and insightful review. We are encouraged by the recognition that the Perspective provides a concrete roadmap identifying key physical requirements, material platforms, and necessary experiments at the interface of magnetism and quantum information science. The recommendation for acceptance is appreciated.
Circularity Check
No significant circularity in perspective article
full rationale
This is a perspective article whose content consists of an outlook, identification of material platforms, and specification of required future experiments rather than any derivation chain, theorem, or quantitative prediction. The abstract and full text frame domain-wall mobility results as externally demonstrated and the extension to quantum coherence as an open requirement, with no equations, fitted parameters, or self-citations that reduce any central claim to an internal definition or prior result by construction. All load-bearing statements remain independent of the paper's own inputs.
Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger
axioms (2)
- domain assumption Domain walls can be created, controlled, and probed at the nanoscale with high mobility
- domain assumption Quantum coherence can be preserved in domain-wall systems long enough for gate operations
Reference graph
Works this paper leans on
-
[1]
P. Shor, Algorithms for quantum computation: discrete logarithms and factoring, inProceedings 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science(1994) pp. 124–134
work page 1994
-
[2]
D. Loss and D. P. DiVincenzo, Quantum computation with quantum dots, Phys. Rev. A57, 120 (1998)
work page 1998
-
[3]
F. Basso Basset, M. B. Rota, C. Schimpf, D. Tedeschi, K. D. Zeuner, S. F. Covre da Silva, M. Reindl, V. Zwiller, K. D. J¨ ons, A. Rastelli, and R. Trotta, En- tanglement swapping with photons generated on de- mand by a quantum dot, Phys. Rev. Lett.123, 160501 (2019)
work page 2019
-
[4]
H. Qiao, Y. P. Kandel, S. K. Manikandan, A. N. Jordan, S. Fallahi, G. C. Gardner, M. J. Manfra, and J. M. Nichol, Conditional teleportation of quantum-dot spin states, Nature Communications11, 3022 (2020)
work page 2020
-
[5]
N. W. Hendrickx, W. I. L. Lawrie, M. Russ, F. van Riggelen, S. L. de Snoo, R. N. Schouten, A. Sammak, G. Scappucci, and M. Veldhorst, A four-qubit germa- nium quantum processor, Nature591, 580 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[6]
S. G. J. Philips, M. T. Mahale, Pratibhadzik, S. V. Amitonov, S. L. de Snoo, M. Russ, N. Kalhor, C. Volk, W. I. L. Lawrie, D. Brousse, L. Tryputen, B. P. Wuetz, A. Sammak, M. Veldhorst, G. Scappucci, and L. M. K. Vandersypen, Universal control of a six-qubit quantum processor in silicon, Nature609, 919 (2022)
work page 2022
-
[7]
A. R. Mills, C. R. Guinn, M. J. Gullans, A. J. Sig- illito, M. M. Feldman, E. Nielsen, and J. R. Petta, Two- qubit silicon quantum processor with operation fidelity exceeding 99Science Advances8, eabn5130 (2022)
work page 2022
-
[8]
J. Zou, S. Bosco, and D. Loss, Spatially correlated clas- sical and quantum noise in driven qubits, npj Quantum Information10, 46 (2024)
work page 2024
- [9]
-
[10]
B. B. Blinov, D. L. Moehring, L. M. Duan, and C. Monroe, Observation of entanglement between a sin- gle trapped atom and a single photon, Nature428, 153 (2004)
work page 2004
-
[11]
J. Volz, M. Weber, D. Schlenk, W. Rosenfeld, J. Vrana, K. Saucke, C. Kurtsiefer, and H. Weinfurter, Observa- tion of entanglement of a single photon with a trapped atom, Phys. Rev. Lett.96, 030404 (2006)
work page 2006
-
[12]
R. Blatt and D. Wineland, Entangled states of trapped atomic ions, Nature453, 1008 (2008)
work page 2008
-
[13]
C. D. Bruzewicz, J. Chiaverini, R. McConnell, and J. M. Sage, Trapped-ion quantum computing: Progress and challenges,Applied Physics Reviews, Applied Physics Reviews6, 021314 (2019)
work page 2019
-
[14]
J. Koch, T. M. Yu, J. Gambetta, A. A. Houck, D. I. Schuster, J. Majer, A. Blais, M. H. Devoret, S. M. Girvin, and R. J. Schoelkopf, Charge-insensitive qubit design derived from the cooper pair box, Phys. Rev. A 76, 042319 (2007)
work page 2007
-
[15]
R. Barends, J. Kelly, A. Megrant, D. Sank, E. Jef- frey, Y. Chen, Y. Yin, B. Chiaro, J. Mutus, C. Neill, P. O’Malley, P. Roushan, J. Wenner, T. C. White, A. N. Cleland, and J. M. Martinis, Coherent josephson qubit suitable for scalable quantum integrated circuits, Phys. Rev. Lett.111, 080502 (2013)
work page 2013
-
[16]
G. Wendin, Quantum information processing with su- perconducting circuits: a review, Reports on Progress in Physics80, 106001 (2017)
work page 2017
-
[17]
S. S. P. Parkin, M. Hayashi, and L. Thomas, Magnetic domain-wall racetrack memory, Science320, 190 (2008). 13
work page 2008
-
[18]
K.-S. Ryu, L. Thomas, S.-H. Yang, and S. Parkin, Chi- ral spin torque at magnetic domain walls, Nature Nan- otechnology8, 527 (2013)
work page 2013
-
[19]
S.-H. Yang, K.-S. Ryu, and S. Parkin, Domain-wall ve- locities of up to 750 m/s driven by exchange-coupling torque in synthetic antiferromagnets, Nature Nanotech- nology10, 221 (2015)
work page 2015
-
[20]
K.-J. Kim, S. K. Kim, Y. Hirata, S.-H. Oh, T. Tono, D.-H. Kim, T. Okuno, W. S. Ham, S. Kim, G. Go, Y. Tserkovnyak, A. Tsukamoto, T. Moriyama, K.-J. Lee, and T. Ono, Fast domain wall motion in the vicinity of the angular momentum compensation temperature of ferrimagnets, Nature Materials16, 1187 (2017)
work page 2017
-
[21]
S.-H. Yang, R. Naaman, Y. Paltiel, and S. S. P. Parkin, Chiral spintronics, Nature Reviews Physics3, 328 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[22]
Y. Guan, X. Zhou, F. Li, T. Ma, S.-H. Yang, and S. S. P. Parkin, Ionitronic manipulation of current-induced do- main wall motion in synthetic antiferromagnets, Nature Communications12, 5002 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[23]
R. Bl¨ asing, T. Ma, S.-H. Yang, C. Garg, F. K. Dejene, A. T. N’Diaye, G. Chen, K. Liu, and S. S. P. Parkin, Exchange coupling torque in ferrimagnetic co/gd bilayer maximized near angular momentum compensation tem- perature, Nature Communications9, 4984 (2018)
work page 2018
-
[24]
Y. Yoshimura, K.-J. Kim, T. Taniguchi, T. Tono, K. Ueda, R. Hiramatsu, T. Moriyama, K. Yamada, Y. Nakatani, and T. Ono, Soliton-like magnetic domain wall motion induced by the interfacial dzyaloshinskii– moriya interaction, Nature Physics12, 157 (2016)
work page 2016
-
[25]
Y. Liu, W. Hou, X. Han, and J. Zang, Three- dimensional dynamics of a magnetic hopfion driven by spin transfer torque, Phys. Rev. Lett.124, 127204 (2020)
work page 2020
-
[26]
J. Zou, S. Zhang, and Y. Tserkovnyak, Topological transport of deconfined hedgehogs in magnets, Phys. Rev. Lett.125, 267201 (2020)
work page 2020
- [27]
-
[28]
J. Zou, S. K. Kim, and Y. Tserkovnyak, Topological transport of vorticity in heisenberg magnets, Phys. Rev. B99, 180402 (2019)
work page 2019
-
[29]
Y. Tserkovnyak and J. Zou, Quantum hydrodynamics of vorticity, Phys. Rev. Research1, 033071 (2019)
work page 2019
-
[30]
Y. Tserkovnyak, Perspective: (beyond) spin transport in insulators, Journal of Applied Physics124, 190901 (2018)
work page 2018
- [31]
- [32]
-
[33]
J. Grollier, D. Querlioz, K. Y. Camsari, K. Everschor- Sitte, S. Fukami, and M. D. Stiles, Neuromorphic spin- tronics, Nature Electronics3, 360 (2020)
work page 2020
-
[34]
S. Zhang and Y. Tserkovnyak, Antiferromagnet-based neuromorphics using dynamics of topological charges, Phys. Rev. Lett.125, 207202 (2020)
work page 2020
-
[35]
Y. Tserkovnyak and J. Xiao, Energy storage via topo- logical spin textures, Phys. Rev. Lett.121, 127701 (2018)
work page 2018
- [36]
-
[37]
S. Parkin and S.-H. Yang, Memory on the racetrack, Nature nanotechnology10, 195 (2015)
work page 2015
-
[38]
H.-B. Braun and D. Loss, Berry’s phase and quantum dynamics of ferromagnetic solitons, Phys. Rev. B53, 3237 (1996)
work page 1996
-
[39]
A. Chiolero and D. Loss, Macroscopic quantum coher- ence in ferrimagnets, Phys. Rev. B56, 738 (1997)
work page 1997
-
[40]
D. Loss, D. P. DiVincenzo, and G. Grinstein, Suppres- sion of tunneling by interference in half-integer-spin par- ticles, Physical review letters69, 3232 (1992)
work page 1992
- [41]
-
[42]
T. Song, Q.-C. Sun, E. Anderson, C. Wang, J. Qian, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, M. A. McGuire, R. St¨ ohr, D. Xiao, T. Cao, J. Wrachtrup, and X. Xu, Direct visu- alization of magnetic domains and moire magnetism in twisted 2d magnets, Science374, 1140 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[43]
M. E. Ziebel, M. L. Feuer, J. Cox, X. Zhu, C. R. Dean, and X. Roy, Crsbr: an air-stable, two-dimensional mag- netic semiconductor, Nano letters24, 4319 (2024)
work page 2024
-
[44]
Y. Zur, A. Noah, C. Boix-Constant, S. Ma˜ nas-Valero, N. Fridman, R. Rama-Eiroa, M. E. Huber, E. J. San- tos, E. Coronado, and Y. Anahory, Magnetic imaging and domain nucleation in crsbr down to the 2d limit, Advanced Materials35, 2307195 (2023)
work page 2023
-
[45]
M. A. Tschudin, D. A. Broadway, P. Siegwolf, C. Schrader, E. J. Telford, B. Gross, J. Cox, A. E. Dubois, D. G. Chica, R. Rama-Eiroa,et al., Imag- ing nanomagnetism and magnetic phase transitions in atomically thin crsbr, Nature Communications15, 6005 (2024)
work page 2024
- [46]
-
[47]
Y. Tserkovnyak, J. Zou, S. K. Kim, and S. Takei, Quan- tum hydrodynamics of spin winding, Phys. Rev. B102, 224433 (2020)
work page 2020
-
[48]
S. Takei and M. Mohseni, Quantum control of topo- logical defects in magnetic systems, Phys. Rev. B97, 064401 (2018)
work page 2018
-
[49]
A. P. Petrovi´ c, C. Psaroudaki, P. Fischer, M. Garst, and C. Panagopoulos, Colloquium: Quantum properties and functionalities of magnetic skyrmions, Reviews of Modern Physics97, 031001 (2025)
work page 2025
-
[50]
S. K. Kim and O. Tchernyshyov, Mechanics of a ferro- magnetic domain wall, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter35, 134002 (2023)
work page 2023
-
[51]
Y. Deng, Y. Yu, Y. Song, J. Zhang, N. Z. Wang, Z. Sun, Y. Yi, Y. Z. Wu, S. Wu, J. Zhu,et al., Gate-tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional fe3gete2, Nature563, 94 (2018)
work page 2018
-
[52]
H.-H. Yang, N. Bansal, P. R¨ ußmann, M. Hoffmann, L. Zhang, D. Go, Q. Li, A.-A. Haghighirad, K. Sen, S. Bl¨ ugel,et al., Magnetic domain walls of the van der waals material fe3gete2, 2D Materials9, 025022 (2022)
work page 2022
-
[53]
Y. Guan, Y. Wu, Y. Zhang, J.-C. Jeon, W. Zhang, K. Xiao, and S. S. Parkin, Highly efficient current- induced domain wall motion in a room temperature van 14 der waals magnet, Nature Communications (2025)
work page 2025
- [54]
-
[55]
J. Zou, S. Bosco, B. Pal, S. S. P. Parkin, J. Klinovaja, and D. Loss, Quantum computing on magnetic race- tracks with flying domain wall qubits, Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 033166 (2023)
work page 2023
-
[56]
M. Trif and Y. Tserkovnyak, Cavity magnonics with domain walls in insulating ferromagnetic wires, Physical Review Research8, 013243 (2026)
work page 2026
-
[57]
L. Vandersypen, H. Bluhm, J. Clarke, A. Dzurak, R. Ishihara, A. Morello, D. Reilly, L. Schreiber, and M. Veldhorst, Interfacing spin qubits in quantum dots and donors—hot, dense, and coherent, npj Quantum Information3, 34 (2017)
work page 2017
-
[58]
X. Mi, M. Benito, S. Putz, D. M. Zajac, J. M. Taylor, G. Burkard, and J. R. Petta, A coherent spin–photon interface in silicon, Nature555, 599 (2018)
work page 2018
-
[59]
A. J. Landig, J. V. Koski, P. Scarlino, U. Mendes, A. Blais, C. Reichl, W. Wegscheider, A. Wallraff, K. En- sslin, and T. Ihn, Coherent spin–photon coupling using a resonant exchange qubit, Nature560, 179 (2018)
work page 2018
-
[60]
S. E. Nigg, A. Fuhrer, and D. Loss, Superconducting grid-bus surface code architecture for hole-spin qubits, Physical review letters118, 147701 (2017)
work page 2017
-
[61]
L. Trifunovic, O. Dial, M. Trif, J. R. Wootton, R. Abebe, A. Yacoby, and D. Loss, Long-distance spin- spin coupling via floating gates, Phys. Rev. X2, 011006 (2012)
work page 2012
-
[62]
L. Trifunovic, F. L. Pedrocchi, and D. Loss, Long- distance entanglement of spin qubits via ferromagnet, Phys. Rev. X3, 041023 (2013)
work page 2013
-
[63]
J. Zou, S. K. Kim, and Y. Tserkovnyak, Tuning entan- glement by squeezing magnons in anisotropic magnets, Phys. Rev. B101, 014416 (2020)
work page 2020
-
[64]
J. Zou, S. Zhang, and Y. Tserkovnyak, Bell-state gen- eration for spin qubits via dissipative coupling, Phys. Rev. B106, L180406 (2022)
work page 2022
-
[65]
Z. Xue, J. Zou, C. Cai, G. E. Bauer, and T. Yu, Di- rectional entanglement of spin-orbit locked nitrogen- vacancy centers by magnons, Physical Review B112, 094438 (2025)
work page 2025
-
[66]
S. Driessen, J. Zou, E. Thingstad, J. Klinovaja, and D. Loss, Robust tripartite entanglement generation via correlated noise in spin qubits, arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.20466 (2025)
-
[67]
P. Panteleev and G. Kalachev, Quantum ldpc codes with almost linear minimum distance, IEEE Transac- tions on Information Theory68, 213 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[68]
P. Panteleev and G. Kalachev, Degenerate quantum ldpc codes with good finite length performance, Quan- tum5, 585 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[69]
N. P. Breuckmann and J. N. Eberhardt, Quantum low- density parity-check codes, PRX Quantum2, 040101 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[70]
F. Froning, M. Ranˇ ci´ c, B. Het´ enyi, S. Bosco, M. Rehmann, A. Li, E. P. Bakkers, F. A. Zwanenburg, D. Loss, D. Zumb¨ uhl,et al., Strong spin-orbit interac- tion and g-factor renormalization of hole spins in ge/si nanowire quantum dots, Physical Review Research3, 013081 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[71]
O. Dmytruk, D. Chevallier, D. Loss, and J. Klinovaja, Renormalization of the quantum dot g-factor in super- conducting rashba nanowires, Physical Review B98, 165403 (2018)
work page 2018
-
[72]
G. Qu, J. Zou, D. Loss, and T. Hirosawa, Density ma- trix renormalization group study of domain wall qubits, Physical Review B112, 054432 (2025)
work page 2025
-
[73]
J. Zou, S. Bosco, J. Klinovaja, and D. Loss, Topological spin textures enabling quantum transmission, Physical Review Research7, 043036 (2025)
work page 2025
-
[74]
A. Finco, A. Haykal, R. Tanos, F. Fabre, S. Chouaieb, W. Akhtar, I. Robert-Philip, W. Legrand, F. Ajejas, K. Bouzehouane, N. Reyren, T. Devolder, J.-P. Adam, J.-V. Kim, V. Cros, and V. Jacques, Imaging non- collinear antiferromagnetic textures via single spin re- laxometry, Nature Communications12, 767 (2021)
work page 2021
-
[75]
M. Tsukamoto, Z. Xu, T. Higo, K. Kondou, K. Sasaki, M. Asakura, S. Sakamoto, P. Gambardella, S. Miwa, Y. Otani,et al., Observation of chiral domain walls in an octupole-ordered antiferromagnet, Physical Review B112, L020404 (2025)
work page 2025
-
[76]
J. Tang, A. Singh, N. J. Brennan, D. G. Chica, Y. Li, X. Roy, F. Rana, and Y. J. Bae, Coherent magnon– photon coupling in the magnetic semiconductor crsbr, Nano Letters25, 10912 (2025)
work page 2025
- [77]
-
[78]
J.-C. Jeon, A. Migliorini, J. Yoon, J. Jeong, and S. S. Parkin, Multicore memristor from electrically readable nanoscopic racetracks, Science386, 315 (2024)
work page 2024
-
[79]
A. Okada, S. He, B. Gu, S. Kanai, A. Soumyanarayanan, S. T. Lim, M. Tran, M. Mori, S. Maekawa, F. Mat- sukura, H. Ohno, and C. Panagopoulos, Magnetization dynamics and its scattering mechanism in thin cofeb films with interfacial anisotropy, Proceedings of the Na- tional Academy of Sciences114, 3815 (2017)
work page 2017
-
[80]
H. Maier-Flaig, S. Klingler, C. Dubs, O. Surzhenko, R. Gross, M. Weiler, H. Huebl, and S. T. B. Goen- nenwein, Temperature-dependent magnetic damping of yttrium iron garnet spheres, Phys. Rev. B95, 214423 (2017)
work page 2017
discussion (0)
Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.