Isospin-symmetry-breaking corrections to superallowed Fermi beta decay: Formalism and schematic models

We study the formalism to include isospin-symmetry-breaking corrections when extracting the up-down Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element from superallowed 0+ -> 0+ nuclear beta decay. We show that there are no first order isospin-symmetry-breaking corrections to the relevant nuclear matrix elements. We find corrections to the treatment of Towner and Hardy, and assess these using schematic models of increasing complexity.