The long-lived stau as a thermal relic

Josef Pradler

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The long-lived stau as a thermal relic

Josef Pradler

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 18 Sep 2009

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim There, we show that even the most stringent cosmological constraints can potentially be evaded.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 5,457 input tokens, $0.0002 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.22 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.03 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.05 · compares with prior results 0.14 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

We consider physics beyond the Standard Model in which a long-lived electromagnetically charged massive particle species (CHAMP) appears. We discuss the unique sensitivity the early Universe exhibits on the mere presence and on the decay of such a particle. A CHAMP can be realized in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. We carry out a detailed study of gravitino dark matter scenarios in which the lighter stau is the lightest Standard Model superpartner and thus the CHAMP. Particularly stringent constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario arise from the thermal catalysis of primordial nucleosynthesis reactions. This motivates a thorough investigation of the thermal freeze-out process of the long-lived stau. There, we show that even the most stringent cosmological constraints can potentially be evaded.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We consider physics beyond the Standard Model in which a long-lived electromagnetically charged massive particle species (CHAMP) appears.	background 0.94	0.20	0.03	asserted 0.75
s1	We discuss the unique sensitivity the early Universe exhibits on the mere presence and on the decay of such a particle.	background 0.83	0.24	0.04	asserted 0.96
s2	A CHAMP can be realized in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model.	background 1.00	0.07	0.02	asserted 0.56
s3	We carry out a detailed study of gravitino dark matter scenarios in which the lighter stau is the lightest Standard Model superpartner and thus the CHAMP.	contribution 0.91	0.78	0.05	asserted 0.82
s4	Particularly stringent constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario arise from the thermal catalysis of primordial nucleosynthesis reactions.	background 0.83	0.13	0.06	asserted 0.96
s5	This motivates a thorough investigation of the thermal freeze-out process of the long-lived stau.	contribution 0.90	0.32	0.06	asserted 0.76
s6	There, we show that even the most stringent cosmological constraints can potentially be evaded.	result 0.96	0.89	0.75	hedged possibility 0.74

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.93 · evidence from simulation or computation 0.49.

What was examined, and what was not

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arXiv listing abstract v1

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full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

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P abstract

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S sections
T body sentences
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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

We consider physics beyond the Standard Model in which a long-lived electromagnetically charged massive particle species (CHAMP) appears. We discuss the unique sensitivity the early Universe exhibits on the mere presence and on the decay of such a particle. A CHAMP can be realized in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. We carry out a detailed study of gravitino dark matter scenarios in which the lighter stau is the lightest Standard Model superpartner and thus the CHAMP. Particularly stringent constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario arise from the thermal catalysis of primordial nucleosynthesis reactions. This motivates a thorough investigation of the thermal freeze-out process of the long-lived stau. There, we show that even the most stringent cosmological constraints can potentially be evaded.

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How the literature uses it

2 arXiv papers cite this in 2 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it

Compares with it 1 paper

This feature is consistent with Fig. 2.7 in Ref. [ref] and what was stated in Ref. [ref] .

Cosmology with Long-Lived Charged Massive Particles · Evolution of the bound state · 0.92

Cites it as background 1 paper

These long-lived staus, which were also called charged massive particles (CHAMPs) in Refs. [ref] , can be probed at the LHC and have been studied extensively [ref] .

Super-Natural MSSM · Dark Matter in No-Scale MSSM · 0.88

What it cites · 159 sentences without a confident label

Contests 11 papers

This rules out the possibility that allowed islands in the parameter region with large $Y_$/large $τ_$—which was advocated to remain viable in Ref. [ref] —exist.

The cosmic 6Li and 7Li problems and BBN with long-lived charged massive particles · Generic constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario · contest 0.77
Accordingly, the $$ bounds given in [ref] are underestimated in the region $<1$.

Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Hadronic Decay of Long-Lived Massive Particles · Reheating phase · contest 0.80
Accordingly, the $$ bounds given in [ref] are underestimated in the region $<1$.

Hadronic Decay of Late-Decaying Particles and Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis · Reheating phase · contest 0.80

Uses the method or tool of 9 papers

The collision term ([ref]) results from a consistent gauge-invariant finite-temperature calculation [ref] following the approach used in Ref. [ref] .

Electroweak Contributions to Thermal Gravitino Production · Thermal gravitino production and reheating · 0.94
The collision term ([ref]) results from a consistent gauge-invariant finite-temperature calculation [ref] following the approach used in Ref. [ref] .

Thermal Gravitino Production and Collider Tests of Leptogenesis · Thermal gravitino production and reheating · 0.94
The collision term ([ref]) results from a consistent gauge-invariant finite-temperature calculation [ref] following the approach used in Ref. [ref] .

Thermal Production of Gravitinos · Thermal gravitino production and reheating · 0.94

Uses data or values from 14 papers

The $$ and $$ constraints result from the $E_visY_$ limits given in Fig. 42 of Ref. [ref] and the $$ constraint from the $E_vis Y_$ limit given in Fig. 6 of Ref. [ref] .

Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Hadronic Decay of Long-Lived Massive Particles · Generic constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario · 1.00
The $$ and $$ constraints result from the $E_visY_$ limits given in Fig. 42 of Ref. [ref] and the $$ constraint from the $E_vis Y_$ limit given in Fig. 6 of Ref. [ref] .

Updated Nucleosynthesis Constraints on Unstable Relic Particles · Generic constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario · 1.00
This mechanism depends sensitively on the hadronic branching ratio $B_h$ of the 4-body slepton decay into the gravitino, the associated lepton, and a quark-antiquark pair for which typically $B_h ≲3×10^-3$ for $≲2$ (see Fig. 5 of Ref. [ref] ).

Gravitino Dark Matter and Cosmological Constraints · Generic constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario · 0.97

Compares with 5 papers

That such a small fraction only has a marginal impact on can be seen by comparing the destruction rate for ([ref]) [ref]

Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis Reactions Catalyzed by a Long-Lived Negatively Charged Leptonic Particle · Charge exchange reactions and late time catalysis · 0.81
The yield ([ref]) with a coefficient $0.7×10^-13$ is in good agreement with the curve in Fig. 1 of Ref. [ref] that has been derived for the case of a purely `right-handed' $≃$ NLSP with a mass that is significantly below the masses of the lighter selectron and the lighter smuon, $m_ ≪m_,$, and with a bino-like lightest neutralino, $≃$, that has a mass of $m_=1.1 m_$.

Cosmological Gravitino Problem in Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking Models · Generic constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario · 0.97
Since we have observed that the employed screening prescription affects $dE/dt$ only marginally for $T≲100$ and that $$ and $$—entering the stopping power logarithmically—are not too different, it is not surprising that we find overall agreement with [ref] on the energy degradation rate within a factor of a few.

Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Hadronic Decay of Long-Lived Massive Particles · Discussion on Coulomb stopping · 1.00

Cites as support 3 papers

Indeed, as discussed in Ref. [ref] , for those branching ratios, the effect of CBBN on is the dominant one in the region which is not already excluded by the D constraint.

Bounds on long-lived charged massive particles from Big Bang nucleosynthesis · Generic constraints on the gravitino-stau scenario · 0.98
Meanwhile, a dedicated quantum three-body calculation of the $+ +$ system has become available [ref] which confirms the catalytic picture.

Stau-catalyzed $^6$Li Production in Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis · Catalysis of 6Li production · 1.00
In this regard, it is important to note that Be is not overly sensitive to the assumed surface temperature of the halo dwarfs [ref] .

Implications of a new temperature scale for halo dwarfs on LiBeB and chemical evolution · Constraints on the champ lifetime and abundance · 0.97

Cites as background 12 papers

[Meanwhile, after publication of [ref] , related works appeared [ref] ; cf. also Sec. [ref].]

Constraints on the Reheating Temperature in Gravitino Dark Matter Scenarios · Exemplary parameter scans in the CMSSM · 0.90
[Meanwhile, after publication of [ref] , related works appeared [ref] ; cf. also Sec. [ref].]

A Re-analysis of Gravitino Dark Matter in the Constrained MSSM · Exemplary parameter scans in the CMSSM · 0.90
[Meanwhile, after publication of [ref] , related works appeared [ref] ; cf. also Sec. [ref].]

Gravitino Dark Matter and the Cosmic Lithium Abundances · Exemplary parameter scans in the CMSSM · 0.90

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