Two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=900$ GeV

ALICE Collaboration

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Two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=900$ GeV

ALICE Collaboration

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Submitted 3 Jul 2010

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Our analysis shows an increase of the HBT radius with increasing event multiplicity, in line with other measurements done in particle- and nuclear collisions.

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.43 · human participants 0.02 · controlled comparison 0.10 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.11 · compares with prior results 0.97 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

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We report on the measurement of two-pion correlation functions from pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=900$ GeV performed by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Our analysis shows an increase of the HBT radius with increasing event multiplicity, in line with other measurements done in particle- and nuclear collisions. Conversely, the strong decrease of the radius with increasing transverse momentum, as observed at RHIC and at Tevatron, is not manifest in our data.

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#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We report on the measurement of two-pion correlation functions from pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=900$ GeV performed by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider.	contribution 0.99	0.96	0.06	asserted 0.99
s1	Our analysis shows an increase of the HBT radius with increasing event multiplicity, in line with other measurements done in particle- and nuclear collisions.	result 0.99	0.93	0.42	asserted 1.00
s2	Conversely, the strong decrease of the radius with increasing transverse momentum, as observed at RHIC and at Tevatron, is not manifest in our data.	result 1.00	0.85	0.26	asserted 0.99

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The paper

Original abstract

We report on the measurement of two-pion correlation functions from pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=900$ GeV performed by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Our analysis shows an increase of the HBT radius with increasing event multiplicity, in line with other measurements done in particle- and nuclear collisions. Conversely, the strong decrease of the radius with increasing transverse momentum, as observed at RHIC and at Tevatron, is not manifest in our data.

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References

Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Observation of Long-Range Near-Side Angular Correlations in Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC
hep-ex 2010-09 accept novelty 8.0 of 10

In high-multiplicity 7 TeV proton-proton collisions, CMS observes a long-range near-side ridge in two-particle correlations at intermediate transverse momentum, a structure never before seen in pp or p-pbar data.
Cosmic rays, anti-helium, and an old navy spotlight
astro-ph.HE 2017-04 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

Secondary cosmic-ray anti-helium production is estimated to be 10 to 100 times higher than earlier predictions, using a coalescence scaling law calibrated by HBT interferometry, potentially detectable by AMS-02.
Femtoscopy of pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=0.9 and 7 TeV at the LHC with two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations
hep-ex 2011-01 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

Two-pion correlations in 0.9 and 7 TeV proton-proton collisions give source radii that grow with event multiplicity and shrink with pair transverse momentum, are identical at the two energies, and develop a steeper mo...
Pion chemical potentials as seen from transverse momentum distributions
hep-ph 2026-10 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

A pion chemical potential is manufactured from Tsallis fit parameters via a hand-set radius rescaling, and its rapidity growth is read as a chiral symmetry restoration signal.
Performance of the ALICE Experiment at the CERN LHC
nucl-ex 2014-02 accept novelty 4.0 of 10

ALICE documents the measured performance of its tracking, particle identification, calorimetry, jet and muon systems in LHC Run 1, together with the luminosity calibration that underpins its cross-section measurements.

How the literature uses it

24 arXiv papers cite this in 46 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 32 sentences without a confident label

Uses its method or tool 2 papers

For completeness, we also repeated the 1-dimensional study in Pair Rest Frame, using all the methods and fitting functions described in the previous work of ALICE [ref] .

Femtoscopy of pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=0.9 and 7 TeV at the LHC with two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations · Fitting 1D correlations · 0.97
The same method was used to model the baseline for the ALICE $ππ$ correlation studies in 0.9 [ref] and 7 TeV [ref] pp collisions.

Charged kaon femtoscopic correlations in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV · Results and Discussion. · 0.98

Uses its data or values 4 papers

In the fourth paragraph, we consider the physical meaning of the parameter $γ$ in the GGL formula: Data on the 2nd order BEC at 0.9 and 2.36 TeV [ref] are analyzed by Eqs. ([ref]) and ([ref]) [ref] .

Analyses of multiplicity distributions with \eta_c and Bose-Einstein correlations at LHC by means of generalized Glauber-Lachs formula · Introduction · 0.96
The correlation strength $λ$, estimated from the experimental data for $0.1 GeV/c < p_T < 0.25 GeV/c$ for $|η|<0.8$, is $0.628 ±0.133$ [ref] .

Estimation of multi-particle correlation from multiplicity distribution observed in relativisitic heavy ion collisions · Analysis of experimental data · 0.97
HBT data for pp collisions [ref] suggest $R$ in the range $0.5-1.2$ fm, indicated by letters in both panels of Fig. [ref].

Cosmic rays, anti-helium, and an old navy spotlight · Introduction · 0.96

Compares with it 3 papers

[ref], [ref],[ref], we show the results for different $k_T$ intervals defined as (in MeV): KT1$=[100,250]$, KT3$=[400,550]$, KT5$=[700,1000]$, where $k_T$ of the pair is defined as [equation] We compare the three different scenarios: “full calculation” (solid line), “calculation without hadronic cascade” (dashed), and “calculation without hydro and without cascade” (dotted), and data from ALICE [ref] .

Evidence for Hydrodynamic Evolution in Proton-Proton Scattering at LHC Energies · Bose-Einstein Correlations · 0.88
They are also observed to have a flat trend in , which differs from the dependence that was previously observed in 1D minimum-bias analyses [ref] .

Event-shape and multiplicity dependence of freeze-out radii in pp collisions at $\sqrt{{\textit s}}=7$ TeV · Summary · 0.96
The $K^chK^ch$ correlation radii in Fig. [ref] show an increase with multiplicity in agreement with the $ππ$ radii at 900 GeV [ref] , and 7 TeV [ref] , and the $K^0_sK^0_s$ radii [ref] , as it was observed for $ππ$ correlations in heavy-ion collisions [ref] .

Charged kaon femtoscopic correlations in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV · Results and Discussion. · 0.92

Cites it as background 5 papers

See [ref] for more details and references.

ALICE first physics results · Results on Bose-Einstein correlations at $√(s)= 0.9$ · 0.86
The BEC in $pp$ collisions have also been studied in the ALICE [ref] , CMS [ref] and LHCb [ref] experiments.

Two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at ${\sqrt{s} = 13}$ TeV measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC · Introduction · 0.96
The correlation function can in principle be measured fully differentially in $q⃗$ and $K⃗$, and several studies carried out along these lines have yielded valuable insights into important aspects of heavy-ion collisions [ref] .

The Shape of the Correlation Function · Basics of HBT femtoscopy · 0.85

What it cites · 22 sentences without a confident label

Uses the method or tool of 5 papers

The correction factor was determined from a Monte Carlo simulation with the event generator [ref] and with the full description of the ALICE apparatus and is 0.71, 0.78, and 0.81, respectively, for the three multiplicity bins.

Hadronic photon-photon interactions at high energies · Experiment and data analysis · 0.99
The ALICE Time Projection Chamber (TPC) [ref] was used to record charged particle tracks as they leave ionization trails in the Ne-CO$_2$-N$_2$ gas.

The ALICE TPC, a large 3-dimensional tracking device with fast readout for ultra-high multiplicity events · Experiment and data analysis · 0.96
In order to estimate the systematic error from the baseline determination we repeated the fitting procedure using a simulation performed with the [ref] generator (version 6.4.21, Perugia-0 (320) tune [ref] ) instead of .

The Perugia Tunes · Two-pion correlation functions · 0.95

Compares with 3 papers

The relation observed in heavy-ion collision data [ref] , $R ∼a + b($$)^1/3$, where $a$ and $b$ are constants, appears to be consistent with our data within our systematic errors.

Femtoscopy in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions: Two Decades of Progress · Multiplicity dependence of the HBT radius · 0.95
and shown in Fig. [ref] where we compare them to RHIC and Tevatron data [ref] .

Femtoscopy in hadron and lepton collisions: RHIC results and world systematics · Transverse momentum dependence of the HBT radius · 0.91
While quantitative comparison between particle and heavy ion studies is complicated by experiments using different acceptances and techniques, a recent comparison of the HBT radii from and Au+Au collisions at RHIC indicates an almost identical dependence between these collision systems [ref] .

Pion femtoscopy in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV · Transverse momentum dependence of the HBT radius · 0.90

Cites as background 5 papers

Proton-proton collisions at have been recorded by ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN [ref] .

First proton-proton collisions at the LHC as observed with the ALICE detector: measurement of the charged particle pseudorapidity density at $\sqrt{s}$ = 900 GeV · Introduction · 0.90
Since then, two-pion correlations have been successfully applied to assess the spatial scale of the emitting source in [ref] , hadron-hadron and lepton-hadron [ref] , and heavy ion [ref] collisions.

Bose-Einstein Correlations in Z Fragmentation and Other Reactions · Introduction · 0.92
Since then, two-pion correlations have been successfully applied to assess the spatial scale of the emitting source in [ref] , hadron-hadron and lepton-hadron [ref] , and heavy ion [ref] collisions.

Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac Interferometry in Particle Physics · Introduction · 0.92

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