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Femtoscopy in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions: Two Decades of Progress
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Analyses of two-particle correlations have provided the chief means for determining spatio-temporal characteristics of relativistic heavy ion collisions. We discuss the theoretical formalism behind these studies and the experimental methods used in carrying them out. Recent results from RHIC are put into context in a systematic review of correlation measurements performed over the past two decades. The current understanding of these results is discussed in terms of model comparisons and overall trends.
Forward citations
Cited by 16 Pith papers
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A femtoscopic tale of two $C$-parities: the $Z_c(3900)$ and the isovector partner of the $X(3872)$
Femtoscopic correlations of charged charm meson pairs mix C-odd and C-even interactions, giving a new experimental probe of the predicted W_c1 state and correcting earlier predictions.
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Quantum interference effects enhanced in $\pi^+p$ femtoscopic correlation functions
The π⁺p correlation peak near 140 MeV/c arises from quantum interference of incident and scattered waves, while the Δ decay peaks near 220 MeV/c; their m_T-dependent mix explains the ALICE peak shift.
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Tilted geometry of the pion emission source in Au+Au collisions in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan
The pion emission source in Au+Au collisions is tilted with magnitude decreasing rapidly as collision energy rises from 7.7 to 27 GeV, indicating departure from longitudinal boost invariance.
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Probing Late-Stage Hadronic Interactions at High Baryon Density via $K^{*0}$ Production in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Program
K*0/K yield ratios in central Au+Au collisions at BES energies are suppressed relative to peripheral collisions and thermal predictions, indicating hadronic rescattering that strengthens at lower energies.
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Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.36$ TeV $^{16}$O$+^{16}$O and $^{20}$Ne$+^{20}$Ne collisions with the ATLAS detector
First measurements of v_n (n=2-4) in 5.36 TeV O+O and Ne+Ne collisions show enhanced v2 in central neon collisions consistent with prolate nuclear deformation.
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Proton-proton Femtoscopy as a Probe of Short-range Structure in High-Energy O+O Collisions
In simulated 16O+16O collisions at 200 GeV, proton-proton correlations shift the extracted source radius by about 5 percent when the oxygen input contains short-range nucleon correlations, while pion-pion correlations...
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Probing (Hyper)Nuclei Wave Functions and Production Mechanisms in $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=200$ GeV Isobar Collisions at RHIC
Isobar collision yields of ³_ΛH and light nuclei favor coalescence with non-Gaussian hypertriton wave functions that carry enhanced short-distance d–Λ probability, inconsistent with a Gaussian ansatz tied to the measu...
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Light Antinuclei Coalescence: Femtoscopic Constraints via Neural-Flow Surrogates
A neural-flow emulator of the CECA femtoscopic source, fit to 49 ALICE pp correlation functions, reduces claimed uncertainties on antinuclei coalescence parameters B2 and B3 to a few percent and ~10% respectively.
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Signatures of Odd-Parity $s$-wave $\Xi^*$ States in Femtoscopic Correlation Functions
Using a unitarized hidden-gauge model, the authors dynamically generate Xi(1950)-like and Xi(2120)-like poles and predict femtoscopic correlation functions for six vector-baryon channels.
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Spectroscopic and femtoscopic insights into vector-baryon interactions in the strangeness $-1$ sector
The authors predict three Lambda* and two Sigma* resonances from vector-baryon interactions and provide femtoscopy correlation functions for six channels in the S=-1 sector.
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Description of femtoscopic correlations with realistic pion-kaon interactions: the $\kappa/K^*_0(700)$ case
By using realistic dispersive pion-kaon interactions and relativistic corrections, the authors fit ALICE femtoscopy data and obtain source radii of about 0.35 to 0.67 fm, well below the typical 1 fm.
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When positive and negative pairs differ in femtoscopy: residual Coulomb and isospin effects
Residual Coulomb and isospin effects produce charge-dependent splittings in identical-particle correlation functions, strongest at low kT, that modify fitted radii.
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Hadron polarization and equation of state at FAIR/RHIC-BES energies
Lambda polarization in low-energy heavy-ion collisions depends on the equation of state in UrQMD simulations and arises from shear in the baryon current due to stopping.
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Can the strong interactions between hadrons be determined using femtoscopy?
The universality assumption in the Koonin-Pratt formula for femtoscopic correlations introduces potentially large intrinsic uncertainty when extracting strong interactions between hadrons like nucleons.
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Deep learning for exploring hadron-hadron interactions
Deep neural networks can recover hadron interaction potentials from simulated femtoscopy and lattice QCD correlation data, with validation currently limited to synthetic tests and a toy model.
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Production of exotic hadrons in $pp$ and nuclear collisions
A review of exotic-hadron production in pp, pbar-p, and nuclear collisions, arguing that such measurements can discriminate between hadronic-molecule and compact-tetraquark interpretations of states like the X(3872).
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