Pith. Sign in

RECORD

Trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions

PaperPDF from arXiv

data files

Paper breakdownThe authors' claims, conditions and measurements, as JSON Signed receiptProof this review has not been altered
X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit Hacker News
Terry Pilkington, Alexandre Melanson, Joseph Fitzgerald, Ivan Booth

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Submitted 4 Feb 2011

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim However we show that for large distortions the isolated horizon is neither a future outer trapping horizon (FOTH) nor even a marginally trapped surface: slices of the horizon cannot be infinitesimally deformed into (outer) trapped surfaces.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

Comment (0) Read on arXiv ↗
Cite ▾
arXiv ID1102.0999 (version 2)
Pith ID4RF6QCDG, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationAlexandre Melanson, Ivan Booth, Joseph Fitzgerald, Terry Pilkington. "Trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions." arXiv:1102.0999 (2011). https://pith.science/paper/4RF6QCDG
Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Open the compiled record

Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,610 input tokens, $0.0002 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.66 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.03 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.06 · compares with prior results 0.21 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

To better understand the allowed range of black hole geometries, we study Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions. They always contain trapped surfaces, a singularity and an isolated horizon and so should be understood to be (geometric) black holes. However we show that for large distortions the isolated horizon is neither a future outer trapping horizon (FOTH) nor even a marginally trapped surface: slices of the horizon cannot be infinitesimally deformed into (outer) trapped surfaces. We consider the implications of this result for popular quasilocal definitions of black holes.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 To better understand the allowed range of black hole geometries, we study Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions. contribution 0.62 0.64 0.03 asserted 0.60
s1 They always contain trapped surfaces, a singularity and an isolated horizon and so should be understood to be (geometric) black holes. result 0.70 0.35 0.14 asserted 1.00
s2 However we show that for large distortions the isolated horizon is neither a future outer trapping horizon (FOTH) nor even a marginally trapped surface: slices of the horizon cannot be infinitesimally deformed into (outer) trapped surfaces. result 1.00 0.96 0.82 asserted 1.00
s3 We consider the implications of this result for popular quasilocal definitions of black holes. interpretation 0.91 0.46 0.05 unclear 0.95

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.99.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v2
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

To better understand the allowed range of black hole geometries, we study Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions. They always contain trapped surfaces, a singularity and an isolated horizon and so should be understood to be (geometric) black holes. However we show that for large distortions the isolated horizon is neither a future outer trapping horizon (FOTH) nor even a marginally trapped surface: slices of the horizon cannot be infinitesimally deformed into (outer) trapped surfaces. We consider the implications of this result for popular quasilocal definitions of black holes.

Human review

How Pith checks papers → · Full audit of this paper →

How the literature uses it

5 arXiv papers cite this in 8 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

What it cites · 21 sentences without a confident label

Cites as background 9 papers

Discussion

Know something about this paper? Leave a comment, or highlight any passage above to comment on it.