U-duality in three and four dimensions

Emanuel Malek

RECORD

U-duality in three and four dimensions

Emanuel Malek

High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 29 May 2012

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We find that uncharged black M2-branes become charged under U-duality, generalising the Harrison transformation, while extreme M2-branes will become new extreme M2-branes.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

Comment (0) Read on arXiv ↗

Cite ▾

Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Open the compiled record

Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 4,337 input tokens, $0.0002 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.11 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.10 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.11 · compares with prior results 0.87 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v3. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

Using generalised geometry we study the action of U-duality acting in three and four dimensions on the bosonic fields of eleven dimensional supergravity. We compare the U-duality symmetry with the T-duality symmetry of double field theory and see how the $SL(2)\otimes SL(3)$ and SL(5) U-duality groups reduce to the SO(2,2) and SO(3,3) T-duality symmetry groups of the type IIA theory. As examples we dualise M2-branes, both black and extreme. We find that uncharged black M2-branes become charged under U-duality, generalising the Harrison transformation, while extreme M2-branes will become new extreme M2-branes. The resulting tension and charges are quantised appropriately if we use the discrete U-duality group $E_d(Z)$.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	Using generalised geometry we study the action of U-duality acting in three and four dimensions on the bosonic fields of eleven dimensional supergravity.	contribution 0.94	0.93	0.05	asserted 0.96
s1	We compare the U-duality symmetry with the T-duality symmetry of double field theory and see how the $SL(2)\otimes SL(3)$ and SL(5) U-duality groups reduce to the SO(2,2) and SO(3,3) T-duality symmetry groups of the type IIA theory.	contribution 0.58	0.86	0.13	asserted 0.99
s2	As examples we dualise M2-branes, both black and extreme.	contribution 0.57	0.90	0.04	asserted 0.83
s3	We find that uncharged black M2-branes become charged under U-duality, generalising the Harrison transformation, while extreme M2-branes will become new extreme M2-branes.	result 1.00	0.94	0.36	asserted 1.00
s4	The resulting tension and charges are quantised appropriately if we use the discrete U-duality group $E_d(Z)$.	result 0.79	0.81	0.23	asserted 0.94

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 1.00.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read

arXiv listing abstract v3

not examined

full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

levels run

P abstract

not run

S sections
T body sentences
C citations
R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

Using generalised geometry we study the action of U-duality acting in three and four dimensions on the bosonic fields of eleven dimensional supergravity. We compare the U-duality symmetry with the T-duality symmetry of double field theory and see how the $SL(2)\otimes SL(3)$ and SL(5) U-duality groups reduce to the SO(2,2) and SO(3,3) T-duality symmetry groups of the type IIA theory. As examples we dualise M2-branes, both black and extreme. We find that uncharged black M2-branes become charged under U-duality, generalising the Harrison transformation, while extreme M2-branes will become new extreme M2-branes. The resulting tension and charges are quantised appropriately if we use the discrete U-duality group $E_d(Z)$.

Human review

How Pith checks papers → · Full audit of this paper →

References

Forward citations

Cited by 12 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Large Gauge Transformations in Double Field Theory
hep-th 2012-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

Finite gauge transformations in double field theory can be written as generalized coordinate transformations whose composition follows the Courant bracket and is non-associative on coordinates.
Geometry and fluxes of SL(5) exceptional field theory
hep-th 2014-12 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

The generalised torsion of a flat Weitzenböck connection on the SL(5) extended space reproduces the exceptional field theory action, and its irreducible parts are exactly the M-theory and IIB geometric and non-geometr...
Strings and Branes are Waves
hep-th 2014-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

Null pp-waves in doubled and exceptional geometry reduce to the fundamental string and the M2-brane, and the wave's Goldstone modes obey the Tseytlin duality-symmetric string equations.
M-theory and Type IIB from a Duality Manifest Action
hep-th 2013-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

Two inequivalent solutions of the SL(5) section condition reduce the same duality-manifest action to a four-dimensional M-theory truncation and a three-dimensional type IIB truncation.
Covariant action for a string in doubled yet gauged spacetime
hep-th 2013-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

The coordinate gauge symmetry of doubled spacetime is equivalent to the section condition, and a gauge connection built on this principle yields a string action covariant under all relevant symmetries, including for d...

Show 7 more citing papers

\beta-supergravity: a ten-dimensional theory with non-geometric fluxes, and its geometric framework
hep-th 2013-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

A ten-dimensional supergravity theory is built whose non-geometric Q-flux is identified with a connection coefficient, yielding a second curvature scalar and explicit equations of motion.
The O_{D,D} Geometry of String Theory
hep-th 2013-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

The double field theory action equals a specific H-invariant contraction of the generalised torsion of a flat, metric-compatible Weitzenböck connection, reproducing the known action plus a previously ad hoc term.
U-geometry : SL(5)
hep-th 2013-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

A semi-covariant derivative and fully covariant scalar and Ricci curvatures are constructed for SL(5) U-geometry, reproducing the Berman-Perry U-duality action up to a surface term.
Comments on double field theory and diffeomorphisms
hep-th 2013-04 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

A recently proposed finite transformation rule in double field theory is shown to agree with the exponential map up to a gauge equivalence, and semi-covariant derivatives and curvatures remain fully covariant under fi...
Duality Invariant M-theory: Gauged supergravities and Scherk-Schwarz reductions
hep-th 2012-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A Scherk-Schwarz reduction of SL(5) duality-invariant M-theory reproduces exactly the D=7 gauged supergravity potential and embedding tensor.
Extended geometry and gauged maximal supergravity
hep-th 2013-02 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

The generalized Ricci scalar of any torsionless, metric-compatible connection on the 56-dimensional E7(7) extended space equals the scalar potential of gauged N=8 supergravity.
The Geometry, Branes and Applications of Exceptional Field Theory
hep-th 2020-06 accept novelty 2.0 of 10

Exceptional field theory recasts the maximal supergravities as a single extended geometry whose local symmetry is the exceptional U-duality group Ed(d), with extra coordinates conjugate to brane winding modes.

How the literature uses it

24 arXiv papers cite this in 56 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 41 sentences without a confident label

Contests it 1 paper

The difficulties found in the examples in [ref] are now removed, forcing us instead to describe the dual solutions using a trivector for those cases.

Timelike U-dualities in Generalised Geometry · Introduction · contest 0.83

Builds on it 1 paper

We can now repeat the analysis in [ref] including time amongst the dualisable coordinates in order to find the bosonic fields after the action of a duality.

Timelike U-dualities in Generalised Geometry · The transformation rules · 0.98

Uses its method or tool 1 paper

Here we follow [ref] , and use a “non-geometric parameterisation” of the exceptional generalised vielbein in terms of a metric and trivector [ref] and the higher-dimensional generalisation.

Locally non-geometric fluxes and missing momenta in M-theory · Locally non-geometric fluxes in M-theory · 0.95

Compares with it 2 papers

This differs from the parameterisation given in [ref] by a conformal transformation so that the generalised vielbein here has unit determinant.

Locally non-geometric fluxes and missing momenta in M-theory · Four-dimensional locally non-geometric backgrounds · 0.93
This is the same result as obtained by Wick-rotations in [ref] and corresponds to a new extreme M2-brane of different tension and charge.

Timelike U-dualities in Generalised Geometry · $U_Ω$ acting on extreme M2-brane · 0.99

Cites it as background 8 papers

The non-geometric parameterization for the generalized metric in EFTs was considered in [ref] for the $(5)$ EFT and in [ref] for $E_d(d)$ EFT ($d≤7$).

Connecting M-theory and type IIB parameterizations in Exceptional Field Theory · Buscher's rules for non-geometric potentials · 0.87
[See [ref] for the matrix representation of the exceptional group elements.]

Finite Transformations in Doubled and Exceptional Space · Finite transformation law · 0.80
The U-duality covariant metric of the M-theoretic extended geometry was described in [ref] and its applications were considered in [ref] .

Gauged supergravities in 5 and 6 dimensions from generalised Scherk-Schwarz reductions · Introduction · 0.91

What it cites · 35 sentences without a confident label

Compares with 1 paper

This is analogous to the case of $SL(5)$ which was considered in [ref] .

Duality Invariant Actions and Generalised Geometry · $d=3$ generalised metric · 0.96

Cites as background 39 papers

See references [ref] for M-theory and [ref] for string theory.] A similar formulation has been developed for T-duality of 10-dimensional supergravities [ref] .[The reader is referred to references [ref] for more about generalised geometry and M-theory and references [ref] for more applications of generalised geometry in string theory.] The worldvolume of the supermembrane theory as well as the worldsheet of string theory can also be rewritten in a manifestly duality invariant way by enlarging spacetime [ref] .

On duality symmetry in perturbative quantum theory · Introduction · 0.92
See references [ref] for M-theory and [ref] for string theory.] A similar formulation has been developed for T-duality of 10-dimensional supergravities [ref] .[The reader is referred to references [ref] for more about generalised geometry and M-theory and references [ref] for more applications of generalised geometry in string theory.] The worldvolume of the supermembrane theory as well as the worldsheet of string theory can also be rewritten in a manifestly duality invariant way by enlarging spacetime [ref] .

D-branes and doubled geometry · Introduction · 0.92
See references [ref] for M-theory and [ref] for string theory.] A similar formulation has been developed for T-duality of 10-dimensional supergravities [ref] .[The reader is referred to references [ref] for more about generalised geometry and M-theory and references [ref] for more applications of generalised geometry in string theory.] The worldvolume of the supermembrane theory as well as the worldsheet of string theory can also be rewritten in a manifestly duality invariant way by enlarging spacetime [ref] .

T-duality, Generalized Geometry and Non-Geometric Backgrounds · Introduction · 0.92

Discussion

Know something about this paper? Leave a comment, or highlight any passage above to comment on it.