Dark matter, singlet extensions of the nuMSM, and symmetries

Kyle Allison

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Dark matter, singlet extensions of the nuMSM, and symmetries

Kyle Allison

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 25 Oct 2012

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We show that the hierarchical parameters of the nuNMSM can arise from symmetries broken at or near the Planck scale for two specific examples of this model: one in which phi helps stabilize the electroweak vacuum through a scalar threshold effect and one in which phi is a light inflaton.

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What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.85 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.13 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.06 · compares with prior results 0.64 · mentions code or data availability 0.01.

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We consider an extension of the nuMSM in which sterile neutrino masses originate from the VEV of a Higgs singlet phi and dark matter is produced through the decays of phi rather than through active-sterile neutrino mixing. This model, which we refer to as the nuNMSM, can readily satisfy or escape the constraints on warm dark matter from the Lyman-alpha forest and other small scale structure. However, it requires a particular hierarchy of Majorana masses and Yukawa couplings without an obvious origin. We show that the hierarchical parameters of the nuNMSM can arise from symmetries broken at or near the Planck scale for two specific examples of this model: one in which phi helps stabilize the electroweak vacuum through a scalar threshold effect and one in which phi is a light inflaton. Both examples require a complex phi and have several experimental signatures that are distinct from the nuMSM. These signatures include additional dark radiation that is relativistic at both primordial nucleosynthesis and CMB decoupling and, for the former, a large invisible branching ratio of the Higgs.

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What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We consider an extension of the nuMSM in which sterile neutrino masses originate from the VEV of a Higgs singlet phi and dark matter is produced through the decays of phi rather than through active-sterile neutrino mixing.	contribution 0.96	0.41	0.12	asserted 0.96
s1	This model, which we refer to as the nuNMSM, can readily satisfy or escape the constraints on warm dark matter from the Lyman-alpha forest and other small scale structure.	result 0.81	0.36	0.11	hedged possibility 0.66
s2	However, it requires a particular hierarchy of Majorana masses and Yukawa couplings without an obvious origin.	limitation 0.90	0.32	0.04	asserted 1.00
s3	We show that the hierarchical parameters of the nuNMSM can arise from symmetries broken at or near the Planck scale for two specific examples of this model: one in which phi helps stabilize the electroweak vacuum through a scalar threshold effect and one in which phi is a light inflaton.	contribution 0.80	0.92	0.64	asserted 1.00
s4	Both examples require a complex phi and have several experimental signatures that are distinct from the nuMSM.	result 0.87	0.69	0.11	asserted 1.00
s5	These signatures include additional dark radiation that is relativistic at both primordial nucleosynthesis and CMB decoupling and, for the former, a large invisible branching ratio of the Higgs.	result 0.92	0.72	0.08	asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.79.

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The paper

Original abstract

We consider an extension of the nuMSM in which sterile neutrino masses originate from the VEV of a Higgs singlet phi and dark matter is produced through the decays of phi rather than through active-sterile neutrino mixing. This model, which we refer to as the nuNMSM, can readily satisfy or escape the constraints on warm dark matter from the Lyman-alpha forest and other small scale structure. However, it requires a particular hierarchy of Majorana masses and Yukawa couplings without an obvious origin. We show that the hierarchical parameters of the nuNMSM can arise from symmetries broken at or near the Planck scale for two specific examples of this model: one in which phi helps stabilize the electroweak vacuum through a scalar threshold effect and one in which phi is a light inflaton. Both examples require a complex phi and have several experimental signatures that are distinct from the nuMSM. These signatures include additional dark radiation that is relativistic at both primordial nucleosynthesis and CMB decoupling and, for the former, a large invisible branching ratio of the Higgs.

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References

Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Annihilation feedback on elastic scattering in self-interacting dark matter
hep-ph 2026-10 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

Annihilation feedback curtails resonant low-velocity growth of elastic SIDM cross sections and fills elastic zeros, restoring partial-wave unitarity.
New Production Mechanism for keV Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter by Decays of Frozen-In Scalars
hep-ph 2013-06 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

A feebly interacting scalar singlet that freeze-ins and then decays into keV sterile neutrinos can reproduce the observed dark matter abundance for a Higgs portal coupling around 10^-8.
Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter from Freeze-In
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

Freeze-in production lets a sterile neutrino be dark matter with an arbitrarily small mixing to ordinary neutrinos, evading the X-ray and Lyman-alpha bounds that rule out the standard Dodelson-Widrow mechanism.
Why should we care about the top quark Yukawa coupling?
hep-ph 2014-11 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

Within current theoretical and experimental uncertainties in the top Yukawa coupling, the energy scale at which new physics must intervene to keep the Standard Model vacuum stable ranges from 10^7 GeV to the Planck scale.
keV Neutrino Model Building
hep-ph 2013-02 accept novelty 2.0 of 10

The review organizes the model-building literature for keV sterile neutrino dark matter, showing which mechanisms can produce the keV scale and which models survive the X-ray, seesaw, and neutrino-oscillation constraints.

How the literature uses it

8 arXiv papers cite this in 9 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 7 sentences without a confident label

Cites it as background 2 papers

Whilst one can construct many different ad hoc new physics models to resolve the vacuum stability problem [ref] , we believe that models addressing other SM problems deserve primary consideration.

Neutrino Masses and Higgs Vacuum Stability · Introduction · 0.87
The question of vacuum stability within models of dark matter and GUT models has been discussed in [ref] .

Higgs Vacuum Stability in a Mass-Dependent Renormalisation Scheme · New physics · 0.92

What it cites · 138 sentences without a confident label

Contests 3 papers

Although [ref] quotes a stronger bound for $M_1^RP$, it is based on a simple mass rescaling argument that is shown to be insufficient for a more rigorous analysis of the Lyman-$α$ forest bound in the RP scenario [ref] .] [equation] Combining [ref] and [ref] rules out the simpler NRP scenario, even with a possibly large entropy dilution from the decays of $N_2^m$ and $N_3^m$ [ref] .

Constraints on the Dark Matter Particle Mass from the Number of Milky Way Satellites · The $ν$MSM · contest 0.73
Although [ref] quotes a stronger bound for $M_1^RP$, it is based on a simple mass rescaling argument that is shown to be insufficient for a more rigorous analysis of the Lyman-$α$ forest bound in the RP scenario [ref] .] [equation] Combining [ref] and [ref] rules out the simpler NRP scenario, even with a possibly large entropy dilution from the decays of $N_2^m$ and $N_3^m$ [ref] .

Realistic sterile neutrino dark matter with keV mass does not contradict cosmological bounds · The $ν$MSM · contest 0.73
Although [ref] quotes a stronger bound for $M_1^RP$, it is based on a simple mass rescaling argument that is shown to be insufficient for a more rigorous analysis of the Lyman-$α$ forest bound in the RP scenario [ref] .] [equation] Combining [ref] and [ref] rules out the simpler NRP scenario, even with a possibly large entropy dilution from the decays of $N_2^m$ and $N_3^m$ [ref] .

Lightest sterile neutrino abundance within the nuMSM · The $ν$MSM · contest 0.73

Uses data or values from 5 papers

Provided $m_$ is below the instability scale $Λ≃10^9$–$10^10$ GeV [ref] , a value of $δλ≃0.01$ can push the instability beyond the Planck scale.

Higgs mass implications on the stability of the electroweak vacuum · Stabilization of the electroweak vacuum · 0.86
For $m_h ≃125$ GeV, the total SM decay width of the Higgs is [ref] [equation] while the invisible decay width for $h^m →$ is [ref] [equation] Allowing an invisible branching ratio of up to 30% [ref] gives the constraint [equation] A value of $δλ$ that stabilizes the electroweak vacuum and is consistent [ref] can then be obtained for $λ_≲0.01$ (the running of $λ_h$ and $λ_$ is small for these values).

Higgs Portal Inflation · Stabilization of the electroweak vacuum · 0.96
For $m_h ≃125$ GeV, the total SM decay width of the Higgs is [ref] [equation] while the invisible decay width for $h^m →$ is [ref] [equation] Allowing an invisible branching ratio of up to 30% [ref] gives the constraint [equation] A value of $δλ$ that stabilizes the electroweak vacuum and is consistent [ref] can then be obtained for $λ_≲0.01$ (the running of $λ_h$ and $λ_$ is small for these values).

Standard Model Higgs-Boson Branching Ratios with Uncertainties · Stabilization of the electroweak vacuum · 0.96

Compares with 2 papers

In contrast to other models that use a Higgs singlet to stabilize the electroweak vacuum (e.g. [ref] ), this model assumes $w ≫v$.

Vacuum stability, neutrinos, and dark matter · Stabilization of the electroweak vacuum · 0.99
In contrast to other models that use a Higgs singlet to stabilize the electroweak vacuum (e.g. [ref] ), this model assumes $w ≫v$.

On Stability of the Electroweak Vacuum and the Higgs Portal · Stabilization of the electroweak vacuum · 0.99

Cites as background 18 papers

In the $ν$MSM, one sterile neutrino, $N_1$, is responsible for dark matter [ref] while two additional sterile neutrinos, $N_2$ and $N_3$, are responsible for baryon asymmetry production [ref] .

The $\nu$MSM, Dark Matter and Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe · Introduction · 0.86
In the $ν$MSM, one sterile neutrino, $N_1$, is responsible for dark matter [ref] while two additional sterile neutrinos, $N_2$ and $N_3$, are responsible for baryon asymmetry production [ref] .

The $\nu$MSM, Dark Matter and Neutrino Masses · Introduction · 0.86
In the context of the $ν$MSM, models employing a U(1) flavour symmetry [ref] , discrete flavour symmetries [ref] , the split seesaw mechanism [ref] , and the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism [ref] have been suggested for producing a hierarchical pattern of Majorana masses and Yukawa couplings.

Q_6 flavor symmetry model for the extension of the minimal standard model by three right-handed sterile neutrinos · Introduction · 0.92

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