REVIEW
Supersymmetry for Gauged Double Field Theory and Generalised Scherk-Schwarz Reductions
High Energy Physics - Theory · Submitted 13 May 2013 · 69 references
Pith's verdict: A genuine fermionic completion of gauged DFT with a plausible but under-displayed equivalence argument at its core.
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Referee report
The paper
The paper claims
Supersymmetry in double field theory survives when the strong constraint is relaxed, provided the extra coordinate dependence is of generalised Scherk-Schwarz type, and the reduced theory has the same Killing spinor equations as the gauged
The reading
What carries the argument
The load-bearing device is the semi-covariant derivative $nabla_M$ built with a connection $Gamma^P{}_{MN}$ that is $O(D,D)$-compatible, metric-compatible with respect to the two projectors $P_{MN}=tfrac12(J_{MN}+H_{MN})$ and $bar P_{MN}=tfrac12(J_{MN}-H_{MN})$, and torsion-free only up to a gauge transformation, $Gamma_{[MNP]}=tfrac13 f_{MNP}$, where $f_{MNP}$ are the structure constants of the gauged theory. Individual derivatives are not fully covariant under twisted generalised Lie derivatives, but contracting them with the rank-six projection operators $P^{P M N}{}_{QRS}$ and $bar P^{P M N}{}_{QRS}$ produces fully covariant objects, and it is this projection step that lets the authors assemble the curvature scalars and the spin connections into a supersymmetric action.
Extended reading notes
Core claim
The paper constructs a half-maximal supersymmetric gauged double field theory whose bosonic sector is the DFT-dilaton and the pair of double vielbeins and whose fermionic sector is a gravitino and a dilatino, with action $L=e^{-2d}[2P^{MP}P^{NQ}S_{MN PQ}+4i(bar{rho}gamma^m D_m rho - 2 bar{psi}^{bar m}D_{bar m}rho - bar{psi}^{bar m}gamma^m D_m psi^{bar m})]$ built from the semi-covariant curvature and the gauged Dirac operators. The authors state that this action is invariant, to leading order in fermions, under the variations $delta d = -tfrac{i}{12}bar{epsilon}rho$, $delta V^{Mm} = -i bar{V}^{Mbar q}bar{epsilon}gamma^m psi^{bar q}$, $delta rho = -gamma^m D_m epsilon$, $delta psi^{bar m} = D^{bar m}epsilon$. The second claim is a comparison: the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduction of the parent ungauged theory produces a connection that differs from the gauged connection by a term involving the twist matrix, and the corresponding spin connections differ by the projected quantity in their equation (4.10); the authors assert that this difference vanishes when contracted into the semi-covariant derivatives, so the Killing spinor equations of the gauged and the Scherk-Schwarz reduced theories coincide exactly.
Load-bearing premise
The claim that the gauged and Scherk-Schwarz reduced theories have identical Killing spinor equations rests on the assertion that the difference of spin connections in equation (4.10) vanishes once contracted with the projection operators, a cancellation the paper states rather than demonstrating term by term.
Editorial extensions
If this is right
- Supersymmetric double field theory does not need the strong constraint: Scherk-Schwarz factorisation is enough to keep the supersymmetry variations consistent.
- The gauged double field theory and the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduced theory share the same Killing spinor equations, so BPS solutions found in one can be read in the other.
- The reduced action reproduces the half-maximal gauged supergravity action, including the fermionic terms that had previously been written only for the bosonic sector.
- The extra dual coordinates can be treated as physical, with dependence restricted to Scherk-Schwarz type, without spoiling local supersymmetry.
Reading between the lines
- If the Killing spinor equations really coincide, then the standard G-structure classification machinery used for ordinary supergravity could be applied directly to Scherk-Schwarz backgrounds of double field theory, which would give a systematic way to enumerate supersymmetric non-geometric backgrounds.
- The correction term that reconciles the reduced and gauged actions, $tfrac12partial_M (U^{-1})^N{}_{hat Q}partial^M U^{hat Q}{}_P H^{NP}$, is bosonic only; the fermionic sector needs no such correction, which suggests the twist matrix enters supersymmetry purely through the projected spin connection.
- Because the cancellation in (4.10) is asserted rather than displayed, an explicit term-by-term check with a simple twist matrix (for example a toroidal twist with constant $f_{ABC}$) would be a natural first test of the equivalence claim.
- The construction is half-maximal; whether the same projection-based argument extends to the maximal or type II supersymmetric double field theory is left open by the paper and would be a natural next step.
Original abstract
Previous constructions of supersymmetry for double field theory have relied on the so called strong constraint. In this paper, the strong constraint is relaxed and the theory is shown to possess supersymmetry once the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduction is imposed. The equivalence between the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduced theory and the gauged double field theory is then examined in detail for the supersymmetric theory. As a byproduct we write the generalised Killing spinor equations for the supersymmetric double field theory.
The compiled record
The paper's own sentences, arranged, kept beside the review and separate from it. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.
The abstract, sentence by sentence
Previous constructions of supersymmetry for double field theory have relied on the so called strong constraint. In this paper, the strong constraint is relaxed and the theory is shown to possess supersymmetry once the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduction is imposed. The equivalence between the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduced theory and the gauged double field theory is then examined in detail for the supersymmetric theory. As a byproduct we write the generalised Killing spinor equations for the supersymmetric double field theory.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Previous constructions of supersymmetry for double field theory have relied on the so called strong constraint. | background 0.99 | 0.03 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | In this paper, the strong constraint is relaxed and the theory is shown to possess supersymmetry once the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduction is imposed. | contribution 0.67 | 0.96 | 0.82 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | The equivalence between the generalised Scherk-Schwarz reduced theory and the gauged double field theory is then examined in detail for the supersymmetric theory. | contribution 0.98 | 0.90 | 0.14 | asserted 0.88 |
| s3 | As a byproduct we write the generalised Killing spinor equations for the supersymmetric double field theory. | result 0.66 | 0.95 | 0.06 | asserted 1.00 |
What was examined, and what was not
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References
How later papers used it
47 later papers cite it
2 papers by the same authors are listed below: 2 used its method or tool.
Uses its method or tool 2 of 3 papers with this label · 2 by the same authors
By the same authors
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Followed the so called semi-covariant approach of this paper, which it called well-suited for supersymmetry.
Quadratic $\alpha'$-Corrections to Heterotic Double Field Theory (2015) (same authors) · 0.99 · paraphrased: the licence does not allow quoting
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Followed the so called semi-covariant formalism of this paper, which it called well-suited for supersymmetry.
Effective Action for Non-Geometric Fluxes from Duality Covariant Actions (2016) (same authors) · 0.98 · paraphrased: the licence does not allow quoting
How the literature uses it
47 arXiv papers cite this in 85 sentences
Papers citing it · 53 sentences without a confident label
Builds on it 1 paper
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Finally let us mention that even if we have restricted our analysis to the bosonic sector of the heterotic string, the inclusion of fermions could also be addressed by invoking supersymmetry, generalizing the discussion in [ref] (see also [ref] ) where “will-be massless fermions at a fixed point”, specifically for modes in $Ǧ_n_c$, were considered.
Symmetry enhancement interpolation, non-commutativity and Double Field Theory · Summary and Outlook · 0.82
Uses its method or tool 3 papers
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In the present paper, utilizing the double-vielbein formalism for the supersymmetric gauged DFT [ref] , we investigate the supersymmetric structure of heterotic DFT up to quadratic order in $α'$, and we examine the validity of gauged DFT description in higher order corrections.
Quadratic $\alpha'$-Corrections to Heterotic Double Field Theory · Introduction · 0.92
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In order to halve them, as in [ref] , we may impose the following “gauged" section condition: (∂_A-i_A)(∂^A-i^A)=0 ,
Standard Model as a Double Field Theory · Standard Model Double Field Theory (SM-DFT) · 0.91
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Here, we follow the so called semi-covariant formalism [ref] which is well-suited for supersymmetry [See appendix [ref] for the concise review of double-vielbein formalism for gauged DFTs.]
Effective Action for Non-Geometric Fluxes from Duality Covariant Actions · Nongeometric fluxes and action · 0.98
Compares with it 3 papers
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As the main result of this paper, we find that, both in the NS-NS and in the R-R sector, the resulting oxidized ten-dimensional action is compatible with the flux formulation of the DFT action [ref] .
Dimensional Oxidation of Non-geometric Fluxes in Type II Orientifolds · Introduction · 0.87
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The last lines in ([ref]) correspond to the DFT cosmological constant [ref] which is apparently the special feature of the half-maximal supersymmetric DFT [ref] .
Supersymmetric gauged Double Field Theory: Systematic derivation by virtue of \textit{Twist} · Explicit comparison with the untwisted case · 0.87
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Its structure resembles the general structure of the gauged generalized Lie derivative of gauged DFT [ref] , [ref] , [ref] .
The gauge structure of Exceptional Field Theories and the tensor hierarchy · The full generalized Lie derivative · 0.93
Cites it as background 17 papers
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In section 2, we review heterotic DFT with $α'$-correction [ref] and double-vielbein formalism for $$ gauged DFT [ref] with an explicit parametrization.
Quadratic $\alpha'$-Corrections to Heterotic Double Field Theory · Introduction · 0.95
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We begin by reviewing heterotic DFT in terms of the $𝑂(d,d+G)$ gauged DFT [ref] and its double-vielbein formalism [ref] .
Heterotic Kerr-Schild Double Field Theory and Classical Double Copy · Review of heterotic DFT · 0.92
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A breakthrough development was to consider compactification of the DFT with a Scherk-Schwarz reduction see [ref] .
Duality Symmetric String and M-Theory · Relaxing the Strong Constraint: Scherk-Schwarz Reduction and Gauged Supergravity · 0.82
What it cites · 35 sentences without a confident label
Builds on 2 papers
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And so, we follow exactly the construction given in [ref] for non gauged DFT but now in this paper we will introduce a semi-covariant derivative for a twisted generalised Lie derivative ([ref]) which will be appropriate for a gauged theory.
Differential geometry with a projection: Application to double field theory · Connection · 0.96
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And so, we follow exactly the construction given in [ref] for non gauged DFT but now in this paper we will introduce a semi-covariant derivative for a twisted generalised Lie derivative ([ref]) which will be appropriate for a gauged theory.
Stringy differential geometry, beyond Riemann · Connection · 0.96
Compares with 1 paper
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This is the difference between reduced parent DFT connection $Γ̂_PMN$ in ([ref]) and gauged DFT connection $Γ_PMN$ in ([ref]) and it shows the origin in terms of the reduced connection of the additional term in the action that appeared in [ref] .
Gauged Double Field Theory · Generalized Scherk-Schwarz reduced DFT as a gauged DFT · 0.95
Cites as background 55 papers
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And so we start by recalling the gauged double field theory [ref] .
Gauged Double Field Theory · Gauged double field theory · 0.98
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And so we start by recalling the gauged double field theory [ref] .
Double Field Theory Formulation of Heterotic Strings · Gauged double field theory · 0.98
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This is all covered in [ref] but we have repeated it here to make conventions clear and provide a quick reference.
The effective action of Double Field Theory · Decomposition of compact and non-compact directions · 0.83
Discussion
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