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Gluon splitting in a shockwave
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 25 May 2013
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim We argue that saturation effects remain important even for relatively high transverse momenta (i.e. for nearly back-to-back configurations), leading to geometric scaling in the azimuthal distribution.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
The study of azimuthal correlations in particle production at forward rapidities in proton-nucleus collisions provides direct information about high gluon density effects, like gluon saturation, in the nuclear wavefunction. In the kinematical conditions for proton-lead collisions at the LHC, the forward di-hadron production is dominated by partonic processes in which a gluon from the proton splits into a pair of gluons, while undergoing multiple scattering off the dense gluon system in the nucleus. We compute the corresponding cross-section using the Colour Glass Condensate effective theory, which enables us to include the effects of multiple scattering and gluon saturation in the leading logarithmic approximation at high energy. This opens the way towards systematic studies of angular correlations in two-gluon production, similar to previous studies for quark-gluon production in the literature. We consider in more detail two special kinematical limits: the "back-to-back correlation limit", where the transverse momenta of the produced gluons are much larger than the nuclear saturation momentum, and the "double parton scattering limit", where the two gluons are produced by a nearly collinear splitting occurring prior to the collision. We argue that saturation effects remain important even for relatively high transverse momenta (i.e. for nearly back-to-back configurations), leading to geometric scaling in the azimuthal distribution.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | The study of azimuthal correlations in particle production at forward rapidities in proton-nucleus collisions provides direct information about high gluon density effects, like gluon saturation, in the nuclear wavefunction. | background 1.00 | 0.06 | 0.04 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | In the kinematical conditions for proton-lead collisions at the LHC, the forward di-hadron production is dominated by partonic processes in which a gluon from the proton splits into a pair of gluons, while undergoing multiple scattering off the dense gluon system in the nucleus. | background 0.80 | 0.15 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | We compute the corresponding cross-section using the Colour Glass Condensate effective theory, which enables us to include the effects of multiple scattering and gluon saturation in the leading logarithmic approximation at high energy. | method 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.07 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | This opens the way towards systematic studies of angular correlations in two-gluon production, similar to previous studies for quark-gluon production in the literature. | future work 0.74 | 0.22 | 0.07 | hedged possibility 0.62 |
| s4 | We consider in more detail two special kinematical limits: the "back-to-back correlation limit", where the transverse momenta of the produced gluons are much larger than the nuclear saturation momentum, and the "double parton scattering limit", where the two gluons are produced by a nearly collinear splitting occurring prior to the collision. | contribution 0.70 | 0.85 | 0.06 | asserted 0.82 |
| s5 | We argue that saturation effects remain important even for relatively high transverse momenta (i.e. for nearly back-to-back configurations), leading to geometric scaling in the azimuthal distribution. | interpretation 0.59 | 0.83 | 0.69 | asserted 0.44 |
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The paper
Original abstract
The study of azimuthal correlations in particle production at forward rapidities in proton-nucleus collisions provides direct information about high gluon density effects, like gluon saturation, in the nuclear wavefunction. In the kinematical conditions for proton-lead collisions at the LHC, the forward di-hadron production is dominated by partonic processes in which a gluon from the proton splits into a pair of gluons, while undergoing multiple scattering off the dense gluon system in the nucleus. We compute the corresponding cross-section using the Colour Glass Condensate effective theory, which enables us to include the effects of multiple scattering and gluon saturation in the leading logarithmic approximation at high energy. This opens the way towards systematic studies of angular correlations in two-gluon production, similar to previous studies for quark-gluon production in the literature. We consider in more detail two special kinematical limits: the "back-to-back correlation limit", where the transverse momenta of the produced gluons are much larger than the nuclear saturation momentum, and the "double parton scattering limit", where the two gluons are produced by a nearly collinear splitting occurring prior to the collision. We argue that saturation effects remain important even for relatively high transverse momenta (i.e. for nearly back-to-back configurations), leading to geometric scaling in the azimuthal distribution.
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References
How the literature uses it
29 arXiv papers cite this in 46 sentences
Papers citing it · 29 sentences without a confident label
Uses its method or tool 1 paper
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Using the formula [ref], we obtain the following expression for the cross section [ref] [equation] where the kernel of the cross section reads [equation] and the color structure of the $g→gg$ channel is given by [equation] At LO, since $z_1$ and $z_2$ sum to one, the polynomial function of $z_1$ and $z_2$ in the parentheses of Eq. [ref] can equivalently be written as $z_1^2+z_2^2+z_1z_2=1 - z_1 z_2$.
Forward trijet production in proton-nucleus collisions: gluon initiated channel · The $g→gg$ channel · 0.85
Compares with it 4 papers
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We recover the expression derived previously in Refs. [ref] , which after a proper sum over color indices reproduces the dijet forward production cross section derived elsewhere, see Refs. [ref] .
Nuclear $p_\perp$-broadening of an energetic parton pair · Parton pair produced in a hard process · 0.89
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Our final formulae for the cross-sections in Eqs. [ref] and [ref] agree with the corresponding results in the literature [ref] .
Forward trijet production in proton-nucleus collisions · The $gA→gg+X$ channel · 1.00
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It is a straightforward exercise to perform the various derivatives, then integrate over $$ and $$, and thus obtain (up to a factor $δ(1-x_p-x_k)$ expressing the conservation of the plus component of the momentum; here, $x_p$ and $x_k$ are the longitudinal momentum fractions taken by the two final gluons and are such that $x_k≪1$ and $x_p≃1$) [equation] in agreement with the calculation in [ref] .
JIMWLK evolution for multi-particle production in Langevin form · Generating functional and same rapidity gluon production · 0.97
Cites it as background 10 papers
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There have been great theoretical [ref] and experimental [ref] efforts devoted to this topic over the last few years.
On the Dihadron Angular Correlations in Forward $pA$ collisions · Introduction · 0.98
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These contributions have been calculated in the literature [ref] .
Forward trijet production in proton-nucleus collisions: gluon initiated channel · Introduction · 0.81
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Several processes have been proposed in the literature, including semi-inclusive DIS [ref] , low $P_⊥$ Drell-Yan [ref] , and back-to-back di-hadron correlations in forward $pA$ processes [ref] .
Universal Suppression of Heavy Quarkonium Production in pA Collisions at Low Transverse Momentum · Introduction · 0.82
What it cites · 118 sentences without a confident label
Builds on 4 papers
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[ref] of this paper, we shall generalize the analysis in Ref. [ref] to finite $N_c$, for the process at hand.
Universality of Unintegrated Gluon Distributions at small x · Introduction · 1.00
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This appears as the natural generalization of the corresponding result for quark splitting ($qA→qgX$), originally obtained in [ref] .
Forward inclusive dijet production and azimuthal correlations in pA collisions · Introduction · 0.93
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Moreover, prob0 generalizes previous results for the gluon splitting [ref] obtained in special kinematical limits and for large $N_c$.
Inclusive Two-Gluon and Valence Quark-Gluon Production in DIS and pA · The splitting probability · 0.96
Uses the method or tool of 10 papers
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Thus, for large $N_c$ at least, the ingredients of our formula [ref] are fully explicit: the colour dipole can be computed as the solution to the Balitsky–Kovchegov equation [ref] , and the quadrupole can be related to the dipole via the mean field approximation alluded to above [ref] .
Small-x F_2 Structure Function of a Nucleus Including Multiple Pomeron Exchanges · Introduction · 0.85
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Thus, for large $N_c$ at least, the ingredients of our formula [ref] are fully explicit: the colour dipole can be computed as the solution to the Balitsky–Kovchegov equation [ref] , and the quadrupole can be related to the dipole via the mean field approximation alluded to above [ref] .
Universality of Unintegrated Gluon Distributions at small x · Introduction · 0.85
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Thus, for large $N_c$ at least, the ingredients of our formula [ref] are fully explicit: the colour dipole can be computed as the solution to the Balitsky–Kovchegov equation [ref] , and the quadrupole can be related to the dipole via the mean field approximation alluded to above [ref] .
Inclusive Two-Gluon and Valence Quark-Gluon Production in DIS and pA · Introduction · 0.85
Compares with 4 papers
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Yet, most of the additional complications disappear in the multicolor limit $N_c≫1$, where our result [ref] contains only colour `dipoles' and `quadrupoles' (the 2–point and respectively 4–point functions of the fundamental Wilson lines), like the corresponding result for quark–gluon production [ref] .
Forward inclusive dijet production and azimuthal correlations in pA collisions · Introduction · 0.92
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As a check, one can easily verify that for a very asymmetric splitting ($z≪1$ or $1-z≪1$), our prob1 reduces, as it should, to the respective result in Refs. [ref] .
Particle Correlations in Saturated QCD Matter · The limit of a large number of colours · 1.00
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As a check, one can easily verify that for a very asymmetric splitting ($z≪1$ or $1-z≪1$), our prob1 reduces, as it should, to the respective result in Refs. [ref] .
Inclusive Two-Gluon and Valence Quark-Gluon Production in DIS and pA · The limit of a large number of colours · 1.00
Cites as support 3 papers
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These experimental features are in at least qualitative agreement with the predictions of saturation [ref] .
Forward inclusive dijet production and azimuthal correlations in pA collisions · Introduction · 0.98
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These experimental features are in at least qualitative agreement with the predictions of saturation [ref] .
Azimuthal correlations of forward di-hadrons in d+Au collisions at RHIC in the Color Glass Condensate · Introduction · 0.98
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Still, this limit is interesting for the problem at hand since, as emphasized in Ref. [ref] , a large pedestal could obscure the physical signal of interest for us here: the disappearance of the back–to–back correlation due to multiple scattering off the nucleus.
Multiple parton interactions and forward double pion production in pp and dA scattering · Introduction · 0.97
Cites as background 20 papers
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The “dipole distribution”, dipUGD, is well known in the literature, as it enters other processes like single inclusive gluon production [ref] (see Ref. [ref] for more examples and references).
Gluon production in current-nucleus and nucleon-nucleus collisions in a quasi-classical approximation · Introduction · 0.91
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The “dipole distribution”, dipUGD, is well known in the literature, as it enters other processes like single inclusive gluon production [ref] (see Ref. [ref] for more examples and references).
Inclusive Gluon Production in DIS at High Parton Density · Introduction · 0.91
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The “dipole distribution”, dipUGD, is well known in the literature, as it enters other processes like single inclusive gluon production [ref] (see Ref. [ref] for more examples and references).
Universality of Unintegrated Gluon Distributions at small x · Introduction · 0.91
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