The Minimal Model of a Diphoton Resonance: Production without Gluon Couplings

Csaba Csaki; Jay Hubisz; John Terning

REVIEW

The Minimal Model of a Diphoton Resonance: Production without Gluon Couplings

Csaba Csaki, Jay Hubisz, John Terning

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 17 Dec 2015 · 28 references

Pith's verdict: A clean, useful estimate of elastic photon-fusion production of a 750 GeV resonance, with a closed-form cross section worth taking away — but the abstract oversells how parameter-free the number is.

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arXiv ID1512.05776 (version 2)

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CitationCsaba Csaki, Jay Hubisz, John Terning. "The Minimal Model of a Diphoton Resonance: Production without Gluon Couplings." arXiv:1512.05776 (2015). https://pith.science/paper/3YSDK3UC

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Editor's note

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Short version: this is a tidy phenomenological note on elastic γγ fusion production of a 750 GeV diphoton resonance, and Eq. 12 is the thing to take away. It is a production-mechanism paper, not a model, and the abstract claims more parameter-independence than the body delivers. Worth a referee, not a desk reject, but not a complete story either. What is genuinely new and good: the analytic integral (Eq. 11) and the resulting σ ∝ (Γ/m³) Br² log³(r*/r_m) is a clean piece of work, and the check that the elastic rate vanishes at x_min = x_max is exactly the kind of sanity check that gives me confidence in the rest. Calibrating q* against the elastic Higgs γγ cross section (0.1 fb, Khoze-Martin-Ryskin) is legitimate external calibration, not circularity. The note added disclosing Fichet-von Gersdorff-Royon is honest practice. Soft spots, in order of weight. First, Eq. 1's (cγγ/v) R F² is not SU(2)×U(1) invariant if F is the EM field strength; the gauge-invariant dim-5 operator is R B², which drags in Zγ and ZZ at comparable rates. The paper does not discuss them, and 8 TeV Zγ/ZZ searches constrain that. This is a model-building gap, not an error in the production estimate, but it is the biggest one. Second, abstract:s1 says the rate is sensitive 'only' to m, spin, Γ, and Br — that is wrong; q* enters through log³ and moves the 13 TeV rate from roughly 7 to 18 fb across the 130–170 MeV window. The body knows this; the abstract does not. Third, cγγ ~ 0.16 needs a strongly coupled multi-TeV sector (their own Eq. 17), asserted rather than built. Fourth, the abstract says 5–10 fb while the body says 3–6 fb — a version inconsistency. One correction to the stress-test note: as I read Eq. 7, the Γ Br² already contains the decay branching, so Eq. 16 at q* = 130 MeV gives 73/9 ≈ 8 fb, not 2.7 fb. The stress note appears to apply Br twice. If anything the rate sits a bit above the excess, so 'easily accommodated' is fair. Who it is for: anyone thinking about photon-initiated production or non-gluon-coupled diphoton resonances. Send it out.

Referee report

Significance

If the estimate holds, this is an important alternative to the gluon-fusion explanations that dominate the 750 GeV literature, because it removes the colored particles and the dijet signal that those models require. The analytic derivation is clean, the integral in Eq. (11) is correct, and the observation that the elastic cross section vanishes when x_min = x_max is a good internal consistency check. The calibration against the elastic photon-fusion Higgs cross section anchors the overall normalization, and the prediction of central, large-rapidity-gap events with no dijets is a clean falsifiable signature. The main caveat is that the rate is controlled by a calibrated q* rather than a first-principles prediction, so the quantitative claim inherits the factor-of-2.2 spread in that window.

Major objections (3)

[Abstract (abstract:s1, abstract:s2) and Eqs. (13)-(16)] The abstract states that the rate is sensitive 'only' to the mass, spin, total width, and diphoton branching fraction, and quotes 5-10 fb, whereas the body quotes 3-6 fb and Eq. (12) depends explicitly on q* through log^3(r*/r_m). Across the calibrated window 130 < q* < 170 MeV the 13 TeV cross section moves from 73 to 162 fb (Eqs. 15-16 versus 13-14), a factor of 2.2, and the 8/13 TeV ratio moves from about 5 to 11 (Fig. 3). The abstract should either include q* in the list of dependencies or state the range explicitly, and the 5-10 fb and 3-6 fb numbers should be reconciled.
[Eqs. (13)-(14) and the benchmark Gamma_gamma = 15 GeV, Gamma = 45 GeV] With Br = 1/3 these equations give sigma_13 = 8-18 fb, above the 3-6 fb the paper aims to explain, and if the model truly has only photon couplings (Br = 1) the rate is 24-54 fb, an order of magnitude above the target. The paper should state which (Gamma, Gamma_gamma) values actually reproduce 3-6 fb and, if Br < 1, identify what carries the remaining width; otherwise the 'minimal model' and the benchmark point are not the same model, and the claim that dijet signals are absent depends on the unspecified channel.
[Eq. (1)] The operator (c_gamma_gamma/v) R F^2 is not SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y invariant if F is the electromagnetic field strength. A gauge-invariant completion (for example R B_{mu nu}B^{mu nu}, R B_{mu nu}W^{3 mu nu}, R W^a_{mu nu}W^{a mu nu}) generically induces R Z gamma and R Z Z couplings after electroweak symmetry breaking, which are constrained by existing resonance searches. The paper should write the gauge-invariant operators and estimate the induced Z gamma and Z Z widths, or state explicitly the fine-tuning assumed to keep only the photon coupling.

Minor objections (6)

[Eq. (9)] The conversion 0.8768 fm = 1170 MeV is incorrect: 0.8768 fm corresponds to 1/r_p = 225 MeV. The numerical q* used later (130-170 MeV) is calibrated against the Higgs cross section and ref. [27] and does not equal 1/r_p, so the displayed equality should be corrected or the convention explained.
[Eqs. (3)-(4)] The narrow-width approximation is used with Gamma/m = 45/750 = 6%. The O(Gamma/m) correction and the interference with the continuum gamma gamma -> gamma gamma background should be estimated, even if small compared with the q* spread.
[Fig. 2] The vertical axis appears to span 5-15 fb, while Eqs. (13)-(14) quote 73-162 fb at 13 TeV for the same parameters. The plotted quantity and axis label should be clarified and checked against the text.
[Eq. (3)] The text describes the (2J+1) factors as 'each 2 for the incoming photons', but for J = 1 the spin multiplicity is 3; the correct factor for massless photons is the number of helicity states (2). The notation should be corrected to avoid confusion.
[Eqs. (1)-(2)] The normalization of F^2 in the operator is not stated, and the extracted c_gamma_gamma ~ 0.16 depends on whether F^2 means F_{mu nu}F^{mu nu} or (1/4)F_{mu nu}F^{mu nu}. The convention should be stated explicitly.
[Eq. (17)] With alpha_eff ~ 4 pi and v/M ~ 0.1 the NDA estimate gives c_gamma_gamma ~ 0.05, about a factor of 3 below the 0.16 required by Gamma_gamma = 15 GeV. The text should state this gap explicitly rather than saying the right magnitude is generated.

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The paper

The paper claims

The 750 GeV diphoton bump might be made of light alone, with no gluon coupling at all.

The reading

The paper asks whether the diphoton excess reported by ATLAS and CMS near 750 GeV in the first Run II data could be produced without any gluon coupling whatsoever. The authors take a scalar resonance that couples to two photons and essentially nothing else, and compute its production by photon-photon fusion in elastic proton-proton scattering, where both protons survive the collision. Using the equivalent-photon approximation together with the narrow-width approximation, they collapse the whole rate into a single formula depending only on the mass, the spin, the total width, and the branching fraction to photons. For a 750 GeV resonance with a 15 GeV partial width to photons and a 45 GeV total width, that formula delivers more than the 3-6 fb the experiments quote, so the excess can be accommodated without introducing any colored particles. If the picture is right, the resonance would leave no dijet counterpart, and its events would sit centrally with large rapidity gaps and two barely deflected protons.

What carries the argument

The engine is the equivalent-photon (Weizsäcker-Williams) approximation combined with the narrow-width approximation. Each proton is assigned a photon distribution $f_gamma(x),dx = frac{dx}{x},frac{2alpha}{pi},log!left(frac{q_*}{m_p},frac{1}{x}right)$, the resonance cross section is written as a convolution over the two photon momentum fractions with a Breit-Wigner, and the narrow-width delta function removes one integral. The remaining convolution is analytic, $int_{x_min}^{x_max} frac{dx}{x} log(r_*/x) log(x r_*/r_m^2) = frac{4}{3} log^3(r_*/r_m)$, which is where the characteristic $log^3$ scaling of the final rate comes from. Elasticity caps the photon momentum fraction at $x_{max} = r_*$, so the cross section vanishes once the maximum photon energy falls below $m/2$. The single free parameter $q_*$, the inverse of the minimum impact parameter for elastic scattering, is not derived but fixed by requiring the same formulae to reproduce the known elastic photon-fusion Higgs cross section of about 0.1 fb, which yields $130 mathrm{MeV} < q_* < 170 mathrm{MeV}$.

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The central claim is Eq. (12): for a spin-$J_R$ resonance $R$ produced by two photons in elastic $pp$ scattering, $pp$ cross sections are given by $$$\sigma$(pp to pp, gamma gamma to pp,R) = frac{$128alpha^{2}$}{3}, frac{Gamma}{$m^{3}$}, mathrm{Br}^2(R to gamma gamma), (2J_R+1), $log^{3}$!left(frac{r_*}{r_m}right),$$ with $r_* = q_*/m_p$ and $r_m = m/sqrt{s}$. The only inputs are the mass, the spin, the total width, and the photon branching fraction; no gluon coupling, no colored particles, and no other decay channel enters. Taking $m = 750$ GeV, $Gamma = 45$ GeV, $Gamma_{gammagamma} = 15$ GeV and the calibrated window $q_* = 130$-$170$ MeV, the authors quote $sigma_{13,mathrm{TeV}} = 73$-$162$ fb times $(Gamma/45,mathrm{GeV}),mathrm{Br}^2(R to gamma gamma)$, and $sigma_{8,mathrm{TeV}} = 6.5$-$31$ fb in the same units. For a photon branching fraction of roughly one third these numbers exceed the 3-6 fb the experiments report, which is what the authors mean by the rate being 'easily accommodated'. A partial width of 15 GeV corresponds to a coefficient $c_{gammagamma} approx 0.16$ in the operator $(c_{gammagamma}/v), R, F_{munu}^2$, which the authors argue can arise from a strongly coupled multi-TeV loop rather than from weakly coupled weak-scale states.

Load-bearing premise

The whole rate scales as $log^3(r_*/r_m)$, and the parameter $q_*$ that sets that logarithm is not derived from first principles but fixed by matching the same formula to the elastic photon-fusion Higgs cross section, leaving a 130-170 MeV window across which the 13 TeV prediction moves by more than a factor of two.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

No dijet resonance and no new colored particles are required: the resonance can decay only to photons, so the usual gluon-fusion searches for heavy states come up empty by construction.
The signal events should be central and accompanied by large rapidity gaps, with the two protons scattered at very small angles and no associated jets.
The required photon coupling, $c_{gammagamma} approx 0.16$, points to a strongly coupled loop at the multi-TeV scale with $alpha_{mathrm{eff}} sim 4pi$ and $v/M sim 0.1$, rather than to weakly coupled weak-scale particles.
Run I non-observation is consistent, since the same formula gives 6.5-31 fb at 8 TeV against 73-162 fb at 13 TeV, a ratio of 6 to 10 depending on $q_*$.
The elastic rate is explicitly a lower bound: inelastic photon-fusion processes, where one or both protons dissociate, would add to it.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

Because the elastic channel alone can overshoot the observed 3-6 fb at a photon branching fraction of one third, adding the inelastic contributions the authors mention in their note added would push the required $Gamma_{gammagamma}$ downward, so the quoted $c_{gammagamma} approx 0.16$ is better read as an upper end of the plausible range than a prediction.
The spin enters the production rate only through the multiplicity factor $(2J_R+1)$, so this production mechanism cannot by itself distinguish a scalar from a pseudoscalar or a spin-2 state; angular distributions of the two photons, or the $cos theta^*$ distribution, would be needed.
A direct measurement of forward protons in association with a diphoton pair at 13 TeV would fix $q_*$ without borrowing the Higgs calibration, since the survival probability of both protons is the defining feature of the elastic channel.
The same $log^3(r_*/r_m)$ machinery applies to any resonance whose dominant coupling is to photons, so the argument generalizes to an entire class of photon-philic states rather than to this one scalar.

Original abstract

We consider the phenomenology of a resonance that couples to photons but not gluons, and estimate its production rate at the LHC from photon-photon fusion in elastic pp scattering using the effective photon and narrow width approximations. The rate is sensitive only to the mass, the spin, the total width of the resonance, and its branching fraction to photons. Production cross sections of 5-10 fb at 13 TeV can be easily accommodated for a 750 GeV resonance with partial photon width of 15 GeV. This provides the minimal explanation of the reported diphoton anomaly in the early LHC Run II data.

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged, kept beside the review and separate from it. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,648 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.25 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.03 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.97 · compares with prior results 0.12 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; show every role.

We consider the phenomenology of a resonance that couples to photons but not gluons, and estimate its production rate at the LHC from photon-photon fusion in elastic pp scattering using the effective photon and narrow width approximations. The rate is sensitive only to the mass, the spin, the total width of the resonance, and its branching fraction to photons. Production cross sections of 5-10 fb at 13 TeV can be easily accommodated for a 750 GeV resonance with partial photon width of 15 GeV. This provides the minimal explanation of the reported diphoton anomaly in the early LHC Run II data.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We consider the phenomenology of a resonance that couples to photons but not gluons, and estimate its production rate at the LHC from photon-photon fusion in elastic pp scattering using the effective photon and narrow width approximations.	contribution 0.80	0.86	0.08	asserted 0.89
s1	The rate is sensitive only to the mass, the spin, the total width of the resonance, and its branching fraction to photons.	result 0.93	0.76	0.14	asserted 1.00
s2	Production cross sections of 5-10 fb at 13 TeV can be easily accommodated for a 750 GeV resonance with partial photon width of 15 GeV.	result 1.00	0.79	0.18	hedged possibility 0.66
s3	This provides the minimal explanation of the reported diphoton anomaly in the early LHC Run II data.	interpretation 1.00	0.45	0.81	asserted 0.94

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.99 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.50.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read

arXiv listing abstract v2

not examined

full text
figures and tables
references and citing sentences
relations to other papers

levels run

P abstract

not run

S sections
T body sentences
C citations
R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

Figures

**Figure 1.** Resonance production via photon-photon fusion in elastic p-p scattering

**Figure 2.** The the two photon production cross section as a function of beam energy with a partial

**Figure 3.** The ratio of the two photon production cross section at 13 and 8 TeV as a function of

Figures reproduced from arXiv:1512.05776 by the authors.

References

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Forward citations

Cited by 28 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Precision tools and models to narrow in on the 750 GeV diphoton resonance
hep-ph 2016-02 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

Forty SARAH model files plus automated NLO and N3LO diphoton and digluon decay rates let any weakly coupled 750 GeV explanation be checked with the same precision machinery.
Flavor Anomalies, the Diphoton Excess and a Dark Matter Candidate
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

A singlet scalar at 750 GeV, produced via leptoquark loops and decaying to photons via new vector-like fermions, is proposed to explain the diphoton excess, the B-physics anomalies, and dark matter at once.
Indirect Constraints on the Scalar Di-Photon Resonance at the LHC
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A beta-function-based calculability criterion shows that perturbative weakly coupled explanations of the 750 GeV diphoton excess require very large charges or multiplicities, and low-energy precision data tightly cons...
A new scalar resonance at 750 GeV: Towards a proof of concept in favor of strongly interacting theories
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A singlet scalar coupled to vector-like fermions can fit the 750 GeV diphoton excess at low energy, but its couplings run to strong coupling or vacuum instability at high energy unless finely tuned.
Di-photon Excess Explained by a Resonant Sneutrino in R-parity Violating Supersymmetry
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A 750 GeV sneutrino with R-parity violating couplings and a 375 to 389 GeV stau in the loop reproduces the LHC di-photon excess while staying under di-jet bounds.

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A gauge-singlet scalar explains the 750 GeV diphoton excess far more easily than a second Higgs doublet, and cascade decays of a heavier resonance can fit the 13 TeV signal while staying under 8 TeV limits.
LHC diphoton 750 GeV resonance as an indication of $SU(3)_c\times SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A neutral CP-even scalar of a 3-3-1 gauge model, coupled to photons and gluons through vector-like fermion loops, is offered as the source of the 750 GeV diphoton excess.
Vector Leptoquarks and the 750 GeV Diphoton Resonance at the LHC
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A 750 GeV singlet scalar coupled to TeV-scale vector leptoquarks has viable parameter space to produce the observed diphoton rate without violating unitarity, Higgs measurements, or resonance searches.
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A 3-3-1 gauge extension of the Standard Model supplies the vector-like quarks and a singlet scalar that can fit the 750 GeV diphoton excess, with the scalar-quark couplings tuned to the data.
One jet to rule them all: monojet constraints and invisible decays of a 750 GeV diphoton resonance
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Recasting the 8 TeV ATLAS monojet search excludes mediator scales below roughly 500 to 650 GeV for a 750 GeV scalar portal to Majorana dark matter, leaving narrow windows where a broad diphoton resonance and the relic...
Tricking Landau-Yang: How to obtain the diphoton excess from a vector resonance
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A 750 GeV scalar decaying partly to dark matter can explain the diphoton bump's large rate and broad width, but relic density, direct detection, and gamma-ray searches exclude much of the required coupling range.
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A probe D3-brane in an F-theory GUT yields a 750 GeV scalar modulus whose dimension-five couplings to Standard Model gauge fields can reproduce the reported diphoton excess, with correlated ZZ and Z gamma signals.
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A boosted Z-jet plus a hard photon is a viable channel to confirm or exclude the 750 GeV diphoton resonance at the 14 TeV LHC, reaching 5 sigma for a Z-gamma branching ratio about 4.9 times the diphoton one at 300 inv...
Goldstones in Diphotons
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

Of three Goldstone-type explanations for the 750 GeV diphoton excess, a CP-odd pseudo-Goldstone boson with a large electromagnetic anomaly and the sgoldstino survive Run-1 constraints, while the minimal dilaton does not.
Di-photon excess illuminates Dark Matter
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

A 750 GeV scalar mediator decaying invisibly to a ~300 GeV Dirac fermion can simultaneously account for the large width hinted by ATLAS and the observed dark matter relic density, predicting a jet plus missing-energy ...
LHC 750 GeV Diphoton excess in a radiative seesaw model
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

A singlet scalar coupled to multiple doubly charged scalars in a three-loop neutrino mass model can produce the 750 GeV diphoton excess via photon fusion, with a diphoton branching ratio fixed near 60% by quantum numbers.
Quark Seesaw, Vectorlike Fermions and Diphoton Excess
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

A singlet scalar in a left-right quark seesaw model with vectorlike fermions can match the 750 GeV diphoton rate once the singlet VEV and Yukawa coupling are chosen to fit it.
Diphoton and Dark Matter from Cascade Decay
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

A heavy 1.6 TeV scalar decaying to two 750 GeV scalars, each decaying to photons or dark matter, can reproduce the 2015 diphoton excess while predicting four-photon and diboson signals.
Higgs singlet boson as a diphoton resonance in a vector-like quark model
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

A Higgs singlet coupled to vector-like triplet quarks reproduces the 750 GeV diphoton excess with a roughly 1 pb production cross section and a 1.7 percent diphoton branching ratio.
The Minimal Scalar-Stealth Top Interpretation of the Diphoton Excess
hep-ph 2015-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

A singlet scalar at 750 GeV with a stealth vector-like top quark of 400 to 500 GeV and Yukawa coupling 0.5 to 1.5 can fit the 2015 diphoton excess without violating dijet or dark matter constraints.

How later papers used it

83 later papers cite it

Evidence: substantial. 82 of the citing papers share no author with it, and 7 of those carry a confident label from Pith's citation classifier.

Pith read 10 of the 112 citing sentences, choosing only those whose citation markers point at this paper alone, and wrote the paraphrases from them. The summary, the counts, the evidence level, the links and the quotes come from code; the summary counts the papers listed below. A later paper is listed under a label when Pith's citation classifier gives one of its sentences that label at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), Pith's reading finds that the citing paper itself did it, and a second check confirms the paraphrase against the sentence. This section lists uses only. It does not list criticism or disagreement, so their absence here says nothing about how the paper has been received. Papers that share an author with this one are listed apart, under "By the same authors". A quote is the citing authors' own sentence, shown when their paper's licence is CC BY, CC BY-SA or CC0. JSON

1 later paper by other authors is listed below: 1 used its method or tool.

Uses its method or tool 1 of 2 papers with this label

Used the effective photon approximation as in this paper to calculate the production cross section of P^3(950) at √s=13 TeV via elastic photon-photon fusion.

Walking from 750 GeV to 950 GeV in the Technipion Zoo (2016) · 0.96 · paraphrased: the licence does not allow quoting

How the literature uses it

81 arXiv papers cite this in 110 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 52 sentences without a confident label

Uses its method or tool 1 paper

Following Refs. [ref] , we use an effective photon approximation [ref] to describe the PF process, which includes elastic, semi-elastic, and inelastic sub-processes[We have checked each contribution to the production cross section of a spin-0 resonance in the PF process [ref] for validation.] but loses potential tagging forward jets.

Triply charged Higgs bosons at a 100 TeV $pp$ collider · Production cross sections · 1.00

Uses its data or values 3 papers

This can be interpreted as the following 13 TeV data in terms of the production cross section of $S$ and its branching ratio of two photons, [equation] which is extremely large compared to the previous observations from the run-I data at 8 TeV [ref] .

Four-loop Neutrino Model Inspired by Diphoton Excess at 750 GeV · Introduction · 0.83
For collisions at $√(s) = 8 TeV$, σ_√(s) = 8 TeV = 31 fb (Γ_total/45 GeV ) B^2(→γγ) , when $q^* = 170 MeV$ and σ_√(s) = 8 TeV = 6.5 fb (Γ_total/45 GeV ) B^2(→γγ) , when $q^* = 130 MeV$ [ref] .

750 GeV diphotons from closed string states · Introduction · 0.81
The photon-fusion reference cross-section is $σ_γγ→ϕ, 0≃3$ fb for a pseudo-scalar with $Γ_γγ, 0=0.34$ GeV [ref] but the error on this estimate is large and we refer the reader to recent studies [ref] . .

Asymmetric Dark Matter Models and the LHC Diphoton Excess · Interpretation of the diphoton excess · 0.98

Compares with it 3 papers

The reference magnitude of the cross section, 91 fb, is much greater than that in [ref] obtained under the narrow width approximation and effective photon approximation [ref] , $1.6-3.6 fb$ (depending on the minimum impact parameter for elastic scattering), while it is smaller than that in [ref] through a similar calculation with in [ref] , $240 fb$.

LHC 750 GeV Diphoton excess in a radiative seesaw model · Formulation of $p(γ) p(γ) →S + X →γγ+ X$ · 0.99
The results are shown in figure [ref] alongside the scaling of other proposed models, including gluon fusion, $q q̅$ production [ref] , and photon fusion [ref] .

Novel kinematics from a custodially protected diphoton resonance · Eliminating tension with $8$ TeV data · 1.00
These estimates are also in agreement with other estimates [ref] ,

Hypercharge Axion and the Diphoton $750$ GeV Resonance · Comparison with Experiment · 0.95

Cites it as support 1 paper

Thus we may explain the 750 GeV excess as pointed out in [ref] .

LHC 750 GeV Diphoton excess in a radiative seesaw model · Review: A model for three-loop induced neutrino mass · 0.97

Cites it as background 50 papers

Production of a scalar resonance compatible with the diphoton excess via photon fusion are studied in Refs. [ref] .[First coupling constraints for such models using 8 TeV data have been obtained in [ref] .] However, it is important to note that many subtleties arise in considering the photon fusion channel.

Cornering diphoton resonance models at the LHC · General strategy and LHC limits · 0.91
Related studies considering gluon fusion partonic processes have been recently performed in Refs. [ref] , whereas photon fusion was considered in Refs. [ref] .

A 750 GeV Portal: LHC Phenomenology and Dark Matter Candidates · Two Different Scenarios for · 0.98
The production of the scalar resonance has been investigated in elastic proton-proton scattering in Refs. [ref] .

Semi-elastic cross section for a scalar resonance of mass 750 GeV · Introduction · 0.93

Discussion

Disagree with the review, or know something it missed? Leave a comment, highlight any passage above to comment on it, or challenge this review formally.

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