Nuclear Theory · arXiv:1712.00923 v3 · submitted 4 Dec 2017
Temperature dependence of transport coefficients of QCD in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
The paper says
“We find that from the comprehensive analyses of centrality dependence of single particle spectra and collective flows we can extract detailed information on the quark-gluon plasma bulk property, without the information being smeared by the final state interactions.”
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Abstract
Using our developed new relativistic viscous hydrodynamics code, we investigate the temperature dependence of shear and bulk viscosities from comparison with the ALICE data: single particle spectra and collective flows of Pb+Pb $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. We find that from the comprehensive analyses of centrality dependence of single particle spectra and collective flows we can extract detailed information on the quark-gluon plasma bulk property, without the information being smeared by the final state interactions.
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abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
How the main claim is stated: asserted 0.99
What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.05 · states limitation 0.11 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.08 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.10 · compares with prior results 0.34 · mentions code or data availability 0.03
The abstract, sentence by sentence
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| Sentence | Role | The authors' own work | States the main conclusion | Strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Using our developed new relativistic viscous hydrodynamics code, we investigate the temperature dependence of shear and bulk viscosities from comparison with the ALICE data: single particle spectra and collective flows of Pb+Pb $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. | method 0.57 | 0.92 | 0.07 | asserted 0.88 |
| We find that from the comprehensive analyses of centrality dependence of single particle spectra and collective flows we can extract detailed information on the quark-gluon plasma bulk property, without the information being smeared by the final state interactions. | result 0.75 | 0.93 | 0.71 | asserted 0.99 |
What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: simulation study 0.97 · evidence from analysis of existing data 0.65
What was examined, and what was not
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- references and citing sentences
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- P abstract
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- S sections
- T body sentences
- C citations
- R cross-paper relations
How the labels were made
Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 2,426 input tokens.
Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. This record as JSON
How the literature uses it
3 arXiv papers cite this in 6 sentences
Papers citing it · 3 sentences without a confident label
Uses its method or tool 1 paper
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Results – We use the state-of-the-art model of relativistic viscous hydrodynamics to deal with a dynamic evolution of QCD matter [ref] in which the bulk and shear viscosities depending on temperature are taken into account.
Probing the QCD phase transition with chiral mixing in dilepton production · Introduction · 0.99
Uses its data or values 1 paper
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The parameters $c_1$, $c_2$, and $b$ are determined in Ref. [ref] so as to reproduce experimental data at the LHC.
Radiative hadronization: Photon emission at hadronization from quark-gluon plasma · Thermal photons from the hydrodynamic model · 0.87
Compares with it 1 paper
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Note that the value of $b$ is smaller than that of Ref. [ref] because we phenomenologically include here the shear and bulk viscosity corrections on particle distributions in the “particlization” procedure with the Cooper-Frye formula [ref] .
Radiative hadronization: Photon emission at hadronization from quark-gluon plasma · Thermal photons from the hydrodynamic model · 0.85
What it cites · 62 sentences without a confident label
Contests 4 papers
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Recently turned out that the original Israel-Stewart theory [ref] does not reproduce the results of the kinetic equation quantitatively [ref] .
The relativistic kinetic dispersion relation: Comparison of the relativistic Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook model and Grad's 14-moment expansion · Relativistic viscous hydrodynamic equation and algorithm · contest 0.77
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Recently turned out that the original Israel-Stewart theory [ref] does not reproduce the results of the kinetic equation quantitatively [ref] .
The applicability of causal dissipative hydrodynamics to relativistic heavy ion collisions · Relativistic viscous hydrodynamic equation and algorithm · contest 0.77
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Recently turned out that the original Israel-Stewart theory [ref] does not reproduce the results of the kinetic equation quantitatively [ref] .
Third-order relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics · Relativistic viscous hydrodynamic equation and algorithm · contest 0.77
Uses the method or tool of 16 papers
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We parametrize $η/s(T)$ [ref] , [equation] where $c_1$ and $c_2$ are parameters and $T_c=167$ MeV.
Moving forward to constrain the shear viscosity of QCD matter · Temperature-dependent transport coefficients · 0.92
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We parametrize $η/s(T)$ [ref] , [equation] where $c_1$ and $c_2$ are parameters and $T_c=167$ MeV.
Event-by-event fluctuations in perturbative QCD + saturation + hydro model: pinning down QCD matter shear viscosity in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions · Temperature-dependent transport coefficients · 0.92
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For an initial condition of our hydrodynamic model, we use [ref] .
Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions · Model · 1.00
Uses data or values from 6 papers
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In the parametrization, the sound velocity takes the minimum value at $T_c∼167$ MeV [ref] .
Lattice QCD-based equations of state at vanishing net-baryon density · Model · 0.84
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The same $p_T$ and rapidity cuts as those of the ALICE data [ref] are applied.
Higher harmonic anisotropic flow measurements of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV · Constant shear viscosity with vanishing bulk viscosity · 0.81
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We determine parameters in the initial condition , using pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons at central collision [ref] .
Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV · Parameters in computations · 0.86
Compares with 4 papers
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If we input only the constant $η/s$ in the calculations, our results of $v_2$ are larger than experimental data and the slope of $v_2(η_p)$ at peripheral collisions is gentler than that of the ALICE data [ref] .
Pseudorapidity dependence of the anisotropic flow of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV · Temperature-dependent $η/s(T)$ and $ζ/s(T)$ · 0.85
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The results of case (b) are consistent with the ALICE data [ref] .
Higher harmonic anisotropic flow measurements of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV · Temperature-dependent $η/s(T)$ and $ζ/s(T)$ · 0.81
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Figure [ref] shows the $p_T$ spectra of $π^+$, $K^+$, and $p$ in 0-5 % (left panel) and 30-40 % (right panel) centralities, together with the ALICE data [ref] .
Centrality dependence of $\rm \mathbf \pi$, K, p production in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV · Final state interactions · 0.84
Cites as support 2 papers
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If bulk viscosity is included, our calculated results of (d), (f), (g), and (h) become close to experimental data, because bulk viscosity suppresses the growth of radial flow [ref] .
Extracting the bulk viscosity of the quark-gluon plasma · Temperature-dependent $η/s(T)$ and $ζ/s(T)$ · 0.96
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If bulk viscosity is included, our calculated results of (d), (f), (g), and (h) become close to experimental data, because bulk viscosity suppresses the growth of radial flow [ref] .
The importance of the bulk viscosity of QCD in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions · Temperature-dependent $η/s(T)$ and $ζ/s(T)$ · 0.96
Cites as background 16 papers
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More comprehensive analyses were performed in Refs. [ref] .
Influence of temperature dependent shear viscosity on elliptic flow at back- and forward rapidities in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions · Temperature-dependent transport coefficients · 0.81
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More comprehensive analyses were performed in Refs. [ref] .
Event-by-event fluctuations in perturbative QCD + saturation + hydro model: pinning down QCD matter shear viscosity in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions · Temperature-dependent transport coefficients · 0.81
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Now not only the shear viscosity but also the bulk viscosity are included in relativistic viscous hydrodynamic simulations [ref] .
Effect of bulk viscosity on Elliptic Flow near QCD phase transition · Introduction · 0.87
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