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Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Constraints on Extended Cosmological Models from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing

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arxiv 1810.02499 v2 pith:2PIMK3CT submitted 2018-10-05 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph

DES Collaboration: T. M. C. Abbott , F. B. Abdalla , S. Avila , M. Banerji , E. Baxter , K. Bechtol , M. R. Becker , E. Bertin
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J. Blazek S. L. Bridle D. Brooks D. Brout D. L. Burke A. Campos A. Carnero Rosell M. Carrasco Kind J. Carretero F. J. Castander R. Cawthon C. Chang A. Chen M. Crocce C. E. Cunha L. N. da Costa C. Davis J. De Vicente J. DeRose S. Desai E. Di Valentino H. T. Diehl J. P. Dietrich S. Dodelson P. Doel A. Drlica-Wagner T. F. Eifler J. Elvin-Poole A. E. Evrard E. Fernandez A. Ferté B. Flaugher P. Fosalba J. Frieman J. García-Bellido E. Gaztanaga D. W. Gerdes T. Giannantonio D. Gruen R. A. Gruendl J. Gschwend G. Gutierrez W. G. Hartley D. L. Hollowood K. Honscheid B. Hoyle D. Huterer B. Jain T. Jeltema M. W. G. Johnson M. D. Johnson A. G. Kim E. Krause K. Kuehn N. Kuropatkin O. Lahav S. Lee P. Lemos C. D. Leonard T. S. Li A. R. Liddle M. Lima H. Lin M. A. G. Maia J. L. Marshall P. Martini F. Menanteau C. J. Miller R. Miquel V. Miranda J. J. Mohr J. Muir R. C. Nichol B. Nord R. L. C. Ogando A. A. Plazas M. Raveri R. P. Rollins A. K. Romer A. Roodman R. Rosenfeld S. Samuroff E. Sanchez V. Scarpine R. Schindler M. Schubnell D. Scolnic L. F. Secco S. Serrano I. Sevilla-Noarbe M. Smith M. Soares-Santos F. Sobreira E. Suchyta M. E. C. Swanson G. Tarle D. Thomas M. A. Troxel V. Vikram A. R. Walker N. Weaverdyck R. H. Wechsler J. Weller B. Yanny Y. Zhang J. Zuntz
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abstract

We present constraints on extensions of the minimal cosmological models dominated by dark matter and dark energy, $\Lambda$CDM and $w$CDM, by using a combined analysis of galaxy clustering and weak gravitational lensing from the first-year data of the Dark Energy Survey (DES Y1) in combination with external data. We consider four extensions of the minimal dark energy-dominated scenarios: 1) nonzero curvature $\Omega_k$, 2) number of relativistic species $N_{\rm eff}$ different from the standard value of 3.046, 3) time-varying equation-of-state of dark energy described by the parameters $w_0$ and $w_a$ (alternatively quoted by the values at the pivot redshift, $w_p$, and $w_a$), and 4) modified gravity described by the parameters $\mu_0$ and $\Sigma_0$ that modify the metric potentials. We also consider external information from Planck CMB measurements; BAO measurements from SDSS, 6dF, and BOSS; RSD measurements from BOSS; and SNIa information from the Pantheon compilation. Constraints on curvature and the number of relativistic species are dominated by the external data; when these are combined with DES Y1, we find $\Omega_k=0.0020^{+0.0037}_{-0.0032}$ at the 68% confidence level, and $N_{\rm eff}<3.28\, (3.55)$ at 68% (95%) confidence. For the time-varying equation-of-state, we find the pivot value $(w_p, w_a)=(-0.91^{+0.19}_{-0.23}, -0.57^{+0.93}_{-1.11})$ at pivot redshift $z_p=0.27$ from DES alone, and $(w_p, w_a)=(-1.01^{+0.04}_{-0.04}, -0.28^{+0.37}_{-0.48})$ at $z_p=0.20$ from DES Y1 combined with external data; in either case we find no evidence for the temporal variation of the equation of state. For modified gravity, we find the present-day value of the relevant parameters to be $\Sigma_0= 0.43^{+0.28}_{-0.29}$ from DES Y1 alone, and $(\Sigma_0, \mu_0)=(0.06^{+0.08}_{-0.07}, -0.11^{+0.42}_{-0.46})$ from DES Y1 combined with external data, consistent with predictions from GR.

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