Progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations

Andreas Ipp; David I. M\"uller

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Progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations

Andreas Ipp, David I. Müller

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 4 Sep 2020

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim An improved scheme cures the numerical Cherenkov instability and paves the way for simulations at higher energies used at LHC.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,622 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.23 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.04 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.05 · compares with prior results 0.29 · mentions code or data availability 0.03.

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We review our progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations to describe the earliest stages of heavy-ion collisions. In our simulations we include nuclei with finite longitudinal extent and describe the collision process as well as the evolution of the strongly interacting gluonic fields in the laboratory frame in 3+1 dimensions using the colored particle-in-cell method. This allows us to compute the 3+1 dimensional Glasma energy-momentum tensor, whose rapidity dependence can be compared to experimental pion multiplicity data from RHIC. An improved scheme cures the numerical Cherenkov instability and paves the way for simulations at higher energies used at LHC.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#	sentence	role	the authors' own work	states the main conclusion	strength
s0	We review our progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations to describe the earliest stages of heavy-ion collisions.	contribution 0.96	0.71	0.10	asserted 0.79
s1	In our simulations we include nuclei with finite longitudinal extent and describe the collision process as well as the evolution of the strongly interacting gluonic fields in the laboratory frame in 3+1 dimensions using the colored particle-in-cell method.	method 0.99	0.93	0.06	asserted 1.00
s2	This allows us to compute the 3+1 dimensional Glasma energy-momentum tensor, whose rapidity dependence can be compared to experimental pion multiplicity data from RHIC.	contribution 0.40	0.90	0.19	asserted 0.74
s3	An improved scheme cures the numerical Cherenkov instability and paves the way for simulations at higher energies used at LHC.	contribution 0.65	0.87	0.27	asserted 1.00

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: simulation study 0.85 · evidence from simulation or computation 1.00.

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arXiv listing abstract v1

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full text
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Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper

Original abstract

We review our progress on 3+1D Glasma simulations to describe the earliest stages of heavy-ion collisions. In our simulations we include nuclei with finite longitudinal extent and describe the collision process as well as the evolution of the strongly interacting gluonic fields in the laboratory frame in 3+1 dimensions using the colored particle-in-cell method. This allows us to compute the 3+1 dimensional Glasma energy-momentum tensor, whose rapidity dependence can be compared to experimental pion multiplicity data from RHIC. An improved scheme cures the numerical Cherenkov instability and paves the way for simulations at higher energies used at LHC.

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References

Forward citations

Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

Transport of hard probes in the glasma
hep-ph 2026-10 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

Jets and heavy quarks acquire large, anisotropic momentum broadening in the glasma, larger than in the quark-gluon plasma, and this measurably decorrelates back-to-back charm-anticharm pairs.
Lattice gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks
hep-lat 2020-12 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

A gauge-equivariant convolutional architecture for lattice gauge theory learns Wilson loops and topological charge to high accuracy and generalizes across lattice sizes, where conventional CNNs fail.
Jet momentum broadening in the pre-equilibrium Glasma
hep-ph 2020-09 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

A real-time lattice simulation shows that a quark crossing the pre-equilibrium Glasma gains about Q_s^2 of transverse momentum by 0.6 fm/c, with stronger broadening along the beam axis than in the transverse plane.
Effective theories for nuclei at high energies
hep-ph 2025-02 unverdicted novelty 1.0 of 10

This paper reviews the Color Glass Condensate effective theory, covering its foundations, its role in deep inelastic scattering, and its use in setting initial conditions for heavy-ion collisions.

How the literature uses it

10 arXiv papers cite this in 13 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 7 sentences without a confident label

Compares with it 1 paper

The corresponding integrals have to be solved numerically, but, compared to non-perturbative real-time (3+1)D lattice simulations [ref] , the numerical evaluation using Monte Carlo methods can be implemented much more efficiently than previous simulations at comparable spacetime volumes and enables system sizes that were not achievable previously.

Energy-momentum tensor of the dilute (3+1)D Glasma · Conclusion · 0.88

Cites it as background 5 papers

Furthermore, there are different approaches to simulations of the (3+1)D Glasma incorporating dynamical sources [ref] .

Aspects of the dilute Glasma · Introduction · 0.96
Over the years, various implementations of (3+1)D initial state models have been developed, employing either static [ref] or dynamical sources [ref] in the CGC framework, or phenomenologically by considering constituent quarks, color flux tubes or strings of varying lengths [ref] .

Energy-momentum tensor of the dilute (3+1)D Glasma · Introduction · 0.94
While various implementations of 3+1D classical Yang-Mills equations have been developed either by varying the strengths of the classical sources [ref] , by generalizing the IP-Glasma model to 3+1D using JIMWLK rapidity evolution [ref] , or by taking finite thickness of colliding nuclei into account [ref] , we are not aware of any analytical calculation of the energy deposition in heavy-ion collision beyond the boost-invariant high-energy limit.

Space-time structure of 3+1D color fields in high energy nuclear collisions · Introduction · 0.87

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