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Quantum Mechanics of Gravitational Waves
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For the purpose of analyzing observed phenomena, it has been convenient, and thus far sufficient, to regard gravity as subject to the deterministic principles of classical physics, with the gravitational field obeying Newton's law or Einstein's equations. Here we treat the gravitational field as a quantum field and determine the implications of such treatment for experimental observables. We find that falling bodies in gravity are subject to random fluctuations ("noise") whose characteristics depend on the quantum state of the gravitational field. We derive a stochastic equation for the separation of two falling particles. Detection of this fundamental noise, which may be measurable at gravitational wave detectors, would vindicate the quantization of gravity, and reveal important properties of its sources.
Forward citations
Cited by 13 Pith papers
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Suppressed Quantum Effects of Weakly Coupled Waves
Nonclassical (quantum) signatures of weakly coupled waves are suppressed by an extra power of the tiny conversion efficiency η (~10^-21 for axions, ~10^-33 for gravitons), so experiments cannot establish the quantizat...
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Gravitational waves decay in vacuum
Coherent graviton states that make up classical gravitational waves decay into photon pairs at a rate enhanced by N squared, a purely quantum effect that yields tiny rates for binaries and first photon-injection bound...
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Squeezed Gravitons and One-Loop Self-Energy under Light-Cone Smearing
Graviton quantum fluctuations smear the light cone in a state-dependent way that regularizes UV singularities in scalar field one-loop diagrams.
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Squeezed-state radiation in shockwave scattering: QCD-Gravity double copy
The n-particle gluon radiation spectrum in shockwave scattering is a generalized Susskind-Glogower squeezed coherent state, and multi-graviton radiation follows similarly via double copy, with feasible large squeezing...
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Gravitational waves decay in vacuum
Coherent gravitational waves decay into photon pairs in vacuum with a rate ∝ G^2 N^2 ω^3 σ^2, and the paper estimates binary, stochastic-background, and ultralight-dark-matter consequences.
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Graviton-induced which-path decoherence in matter-wave interferometry
Radiative graviton decoherence in matter-wave interferometers is shown to be far below detection, even with strongly squeezed inflationary graviton states.
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How Much Can Gravitons Be Squeezed?
Superradiant axion-like-particle clouds around rotating black holes can generate multimode squeezed graviton states with 10^6-10^7 correlated quanta showing polarization correlations and quantum-noise signatures poten...
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Squeezed Gravitons and One-Loop Self-Energy under Light-Cone Smearing
Gravitons in different quantum states smear the light cone via operator treatment of Synge's world function, regularizing UV singularities in phi^3 and phi^4 one-loop diagrams with a 10^{-10} correction from primordia...
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Geometric noise spectrum in interferometers
The noise spectrum an interferometer would see from quantum spacetime jitter is computed for vacuum, thermal, squeezed, and scalar-backreaction states; all are Planck-suppressed.
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Binary gravitational waves as probes of quantum graviton states
Gravitational waves from binaries can, in principle, carry sub-Poissonian graviton statistics inherited from a squeezed primordial vacuum, offering a new signature of quantum gravity.
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Correlated Quantum Sensing at the Seemingly Classical Limit
Correlated sensing with thermal-state resonant detectors enables statistical tests via symmetric correlators to reveal quantum noise characteristics of gravitons in two- and three-detector tabletop configurations.
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Geometric noise spectrum in interferometers
Computes UV-finite noise spectra in interferometers from graviton fluctuations in vacuum/thermal/squeezed states and from massless scalar vacuum stress-energy, all Planck-suppressed.
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Intermittency in Quantum Graviton-Phonon Conversion
Exact rotating-wave treatment of graviton-phonon conversion restores unitarity and predicts intermittent bursts for coherent states and suppression for squeezed states.
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