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Proton mass decomposition: naturalness and interpretations
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I discuss the scope and naturalness of the proton mass decomposition (or sum rule) published in PRL74, 1071 (1995) and answer a few criticisms that appeared recently in the literature, focusing particularly on its interpretation and the quantum anomalous energy contribution. I comment on the so-called frame-independent or invariant-mass decomposition from the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. I stress the importance of measuring the quantum anomalous energy through experiments. Finally, I point out a large discrepancy in the scalar radius of the nucleon extracted from vector-meson productions and lattice QCD calculations.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Mass radius and D-term of atomic nuclei in relativistic mean field theory
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Time-independent three-dimensional spherical densities cannot be defined for relativistic confined systems; only transverse two-dimensional light-front densities are consistent with quantum mechanics and Poincare invariance.
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Misconceptions About the Physics of the QCD Trace Anomaly from Renormalization in a Reducible Basis
This paper critiques reducible-basis renormalization of the QCD trace anomaly, arguing it introduces unphysical scheme dependence and that the standard whole-anomaly decomposition is the only symmetry-allowed choice.
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Anomalies, Topology, and Hadron Structure in QCD
A review unifying the QCD axial and trace anomalies with vacuum topology, arguing that the proton spin puzzle and the U(1)_A problem are both controlled by topological screening encoded in the susceptibility slope χ′(0).
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