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Pseudogauge dependence of the spin polarization and of the axial vortical effect

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arxiv 2109.12084 v2 pith:SA7TOJ2M submitted 2021-09-24 nucl-th hep-ph

Pseudogauge dependence of the spin polarization and of the axial vortical effect

classification nucl-th hep-ph
keywords spinpolarizationaxialobtainedthermalchoicesdifferenteffect
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The mean spin polarization vector of spin 1/2 particles in a relativistic fluid at local thermal equilibrium (LTE) in different pseudogauges (PGs), i.e., with different choices for the decomposition of orbital and spin angular momentum, is obtained. The spin polarization obtained in the canonical PG differs from the one obtained in the Belinfante PG. It is found that this difference can not be written by replacing the thermal vorticity with the spin potential in the usual polarization formula. Other PG choices affect the contribution of thermal shear to the spin polarization. Therefore, the choice of a PG affects the predictions for the polarization measured in heavy-ion collisions. In general, it is shown that the Wigner function of a noninteracting Dirac field at LTE is affected by the PG transformations. Explicit expressions of the mean axial current are also calculated and it is found that even the axial vortical effect conductivity depends on the PG.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Modeling $\Lambda$ polarization in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV using relativistic spin hydrodynamics

    nucl-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    A (1+1+2)D relativistic spin hydrodynamics model with transverse expansion and longitudinal spin acceleration reproduces the observed quadrupole pattern in longitudinal Lambda polarization for Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV.

  2. A symmetry-based resolution of pseudo-gauge ambiguities in local equilibrium

    nucl-th 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0

    Local-equilibrium density operators built only from genuine conserved currents are invariant under pseudo-gauge and improvement transformations of the energy-momentum and spin tensors.

  3. Modeling $\Lambda$ polarization in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV using relativistic spin hydrodynamics

    nucl-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A (1+1+2)D spin hydrodynamics model with longitudinal spin acceleration and transverse expansion reproduces the quadrupole pattern in longitudinal Lambda polarization and matches Au+Au data at 200 GeV while predicting...

  4. Exact expectation values in a boost-invariant fluid of Dirac fermions with finite spin density

    hep-th 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Exact calculations in a boost-invariant free Dirac fermion fluid show spin polarization arises only from finite spin potential, with shear-induced polarization and spin Hall effect absent.

  5. Pseudo-Gauge Stabilizers and Fibration Structure of the Cooper--Frye Map at Freeze-Out

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    The Cooper-Frye map at freeze-out admits a stratified fibration induced by pseudo-gauge stabilizers, classifying observables and recovering the Belinfante-canonical obstruction.

  6. Spin dynamics and polarization in relativistic systems: recent developments

    nucl-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 1.0

    The review summarizes developments in spin hydrodynamics, polarization from spin-vorticity coupling, pseudo-gauge freedom, and heavy-flavor spin dynamics in relativistic systems.